Facilitating Busines Interoperability from the Semantic Web

Facilitating Business Interoperability from the Semantic Web Roberto García, Rosa Gil Universitat de Lleida, Spain

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Ontological framework

Integration framework

Conclusions

Future Work

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Introduction

Networked Business to Business

Interoperability

Standardisation approach

Define common lingua

Usually based on an XML Schema formalisation

No one-fits-all solution

Proliferation: Biztalk, RosettaNet, ebXML, UML, BPEL…

Sofistication: domain complexity

Complexity + Heterogeneity

Busines Information Systems difficult to manage and integrate

Introduction

Some existing standards:

OASIS

ebXML , Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language

CPPA ( Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement )

BP (Business Process)

…

BPEL-WS , Web Services Business Process Execution Language

UBL , Universal Business Language

Microsoft BizTalk

RosettaNet

…

Common aspects: non formal semantics and XML -based

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Proposal

Semantic Metadata and Ontology

facilitate management and integration

Semantic Approach to BIS

Related work:

The Enterprise Ontology

eCl@ss OWL (Web Ontology)

EDI Ontology (OWL)

RosettaNet Ontology (OWL)

Proposal

Limitations:

Whole effort for each XML standard formalised

Break with existing XML based BIS

Lack momentum, ontological framework but no data

Alternative:

Automate XML formalisation (at least to some extent)

Keep links to existing XML based BIS

Also map existing data

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Ontological Framework

ebXML, WSBPEL, UBL, RosettaNet,…

XML  Semantic Web

“ XML Semantics Reuse Methodology” ReDeFer implementation

XSD2OWL : schema to ontology

XML2RDF : XML instance data to RDF instances

ReDeFer XSD2OWL Mappings:

owl:intersectionOf owl:unionOf sequence choice owl:maxCardinality owl:minCardinality @maxOccurs @minOccurs rdfs:subClassOf extension@base|restriction@base owl:Restriction complexType//element owl:Class complexType|group|attributeGroup rdfs:range [email_address] rdfs:subPropertyOf [email_address] rdf:Property owl:DatatypeProperty owl:ObjectProperty element|attribute OWL XML Schema

ebXML BP classes

Hierarchy from XSD complex types and extension relations

Apply methodology to existing XML standards

ebXML

Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement (ebCPPA) cpp-cpa-v1_0.owl

Business Process (ebBP) ebbp-2.0.3.owl

BPEL-WS

Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) business-process.owl

Integrate RosettaNet Ontology ( from LSDIS, Univ. of Georgia)

A generic XML semantics reuse methodology

Already validated in other domains:

Multimedia: MPEG-7 ontology (W3C MMSEM XG)

Digital Rights Management: MPEG-21 ontologies (MPEG)

Newspapers: IPTC, NewsML and NITF ontologies

Ontological Framework: Instances

ReDeFer XML2RDF : XML tree  RDF graph.

Deduce blank node types (i.e. XSD Complex Types) from XSD2OWL ontologies restrictions.

Ontological Framework: Instances

ebXML CPP example from XML to RDF (fragment)

Includes XML tree but also XSD complex types

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Integration Framework

Load Ontological Framework

Integrate Ontologies

OWL semantic relations for equivalence and inclusion: subClassOf , subPropertyOf , equivalentClass , equivalentProperty , sameIndividualAs , etc.

More complex mappings using Semantic Web Rules

Generate mappings:

OWL Ontology Aligner

User supervision

ebXML BP to ebXML CPA mappings

cppa:location cppa:Role cppa:type cppa:mimetype cppa:RoleType cppa:ProcessSpecificationType cppa:Start cppa:ProcessSpecification cppa:value cppa:name cppa:uri cppa:action cppa:authenticated cppa:ProcessSpecification ... ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡  ≡  ebbp:location ebbp:Role ebbp:type ebbp:mimeType ebbp:RoleType ebbp:ProcessSpecificationType ebbp:Start ebbp:ProcessSpecification ebbp:value ebbp:name ebbp:uri ebbp:BusinessAction ebbp:isAuthenticated Specification ...

ebXML BP to BPEL-WS mappings

bpel:expression bpel:expressionLanguage bpel:name bpel:pattern bpel:variable bpel:condition bpel:partnerRole ... ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡ ≡  ≡ ebbp:expression ebbp:expressionLanguage ebbp:name ebbp:pattern ebbp:Variable ebbp:PreCondition ebbp:BusinessPartnerRole ...

Semantics into practice

Scenario : the previous ebXML CPP example

Semantics formalised by ebXML CPPA Ontology

Semantics connected to data through references to:

Classes, and their hierarchy, for XSD complex types

Properties, and their hierarchy/restrictions, for XSD elements

Semantics into practice

Task : get all SignalEnvelope types

XML tools : many XQueries and aware of schema structure

Semantic tools : 1 query, unaware and support changes

PREFIX ebbp: <http://rhizomik.net/ontologies/2006/06/ebbp-2.0.3.owl#> SELECT ?r WHERE (?r <rdf:type> ebbp:SignalEnvelopeType)

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Conclusions

XSD2OWL take profit from XML Schema hidden semantics

We formalise them when building ontologies, but also implicitly when we make XML Schemas

Ontologies from XSD

ebXML, BPEL-WS… and more to come (automatic)

First formalisation step

Hook more detailed semantics

Map to other ontologies

Conclusions

XML2RDF : reuse existing XML metadata to add momentum to Semantic Web BIS

Model XML tree as graph

Enrich with links to concepts in ontologies

Facilitate implementation using Semantic Web tools (DL reasoners, rule engines, semantic queries,…)

Contents

Introduction

Proposal

Conclusions

Future Work

Future Work

Map other Business XML Schemas to OWL

More detailed integration (also rules)

Advanced ontology alignment tools

Formal business ontology as hub for integration

Demonstrator: simple semantic BIS

…

Thank you for your attention More at: http://rhizomik.net …/redefer (mapping tools) …/ontologies/bizontos (eBiz ontologies) Contact: {rgarcia,rgil}@diei.udl.cat