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2. F2012 Culture in Post Roman Britain housing writing
- 1. Cultures of Post-Roman Britain Roman, British, Irish, ‘Anglo-Saxon’ Housing Language
- 2. Why Did They Come? • Mineral resources • Roman luxuries • Roman plantations • Power • Agricultural land • The Huns made me do it
- 3. Cultures of Post-Roman Britain Questions • How can we distinguish the different cultures? • What changes are taking place. How? – The Anglo-Saxon culture is adopted in part by most of the inhabitants of eastern England – Anglo-Saxon groups grow in strength and become more socially differentiated. – Regional powers develop
- 5. Anglo-Saxon Post holes „Hall”
- 6. Grubenhaus
- 7. Writing systems • Roman – Latin based languages • Ogham – Celtic languages • Futhark – Germanic languages
- 8. Ogham • Invented script, modeled on Roman • Before 400 • 20 basic characters • Represents sounds of “Primitive Irish” • Later adapted to Norse, Pictish? • Primarily markers and memorial stones
- 12. Silchester
- 13. Two Ogham/Latin Stones Nevern, Pembrokeshire, Wales
- 14. Orkney Spindle BENDDACT ANIM L A blessing on the soul of L.
- 15. Changing Language - Scenarios Latin loanwords in Irish • Roman period Scotti • Patrick • Gaul after Patrick • Interaction of Irish and British churches
- 16. Loanwords - Church Scots Latin Old Irish Manx English Gaelic ecclesia eclais eaglais agglish church anima -- anam annym soul benedictio beannacht beannachd bannaght blessing credo -- creid credjal believe peccatum peaca peacadh peccah sin argentum airgiod airgead -- money lego -- leugh lhaih read liber -- leabhar lioar book
- 17. Anglo-Saxon to Modern English • How do you pronounce this?
- 18. Anglo-Saxon Futhorc Robertson, John S. “How the Germanic Futhark Came from the Roman Alphabet.” Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 2 (2011, publ. 2012), 7–25.
- 19. Anglo-Saxon Futhorc Seax (knife) British Museum
- 20. Proposed Evolution of Written Language
Editor's Notes
- The contrasting low density and physical separation of ecclesiastical and secular sites in Cornwall possibly indicate a more hierarchical power structure. The wider dispersal of authority manifest in the high density of ecclesiastical sites and nominally Christian settlement in early medieval Ireland may have led to a more thoroughly Christianised and confident society. Thus
- The contrasting low density and physical separation of ecclesiastical and secular sites in Cornwall possibly indicate a more hierarchical power structure. The wider dispersal of authority manifest in the high density of ecclesiastical sites and nominally Christian settlement in early medieval Ireland may have led to a more thoroughly Christianised and confident society. Thus
- Round house from Iron age persists in some areas until 600. Rectangular house built in wood on Roman model. Blend in design with Anglo-Saxon.
- Based on examples in Rosstal (Germany) and Sussex (GB). Reconstruction a Bede’s world,Jarrow.
- Breton in roman system 790; earliest Irish in glosses in 8th century; Some time after the arrival of Augustine’s mission, perhaps in 602 or 603, Æthelberht issued a set of laws, in ninety sections.[33][40] These laws are considered the earliest surviving code composed in any of the Germanic countries,[21] and almost certainly were one of the very first documents written down in Anglo-Saxon, as literacy would have arrived in England with Augustine’s mission.
- 30/35 also have Roman; Four names are Latin; four are brythonic
- All have Roman inscriptions 3/8 have Latin names.
- Church kyriake An example of the direct Greek-to-Germanic progress of many Christian words, via the Goths; it was probably used by West Germanic people in their pre-Christian period. Soul unknown Money Latin moneta sin? Read Indo-European base
- Caxton’s first printed book.Mayflower compactOxford corpus Christi 201 Piers Plowman 14th centuryWhen printing came in the type sets did not include thorn