REST, JSON and RSS with WCF 3.5

REST, JSON and RSS with Windows Communication Foundation 3.5 Rob Windsor ObjectSharp Consulting rwindsor@objectsharp.com

Me.About Visual Basic MVP Senior Consultant with ObjectSharp Consulting President of the Toronto Visual Basic User Group Member of the MSDN Canada Speakers Bureau Contact me via my blog http://msmvps.com/windsor

Agenda WCF Overview JSON Services HTTP Programming Model Syndication

Windows Communication Foundation One-stop-shop for services Consistent object model First released with .NET Framework 3.0 Focus on the functionality, WCF takes care of the plumbing

The ABCs of WCF Client Service A B C C B A Message A B C Address Binding Contract (Where) (How) (What)

WCF Standard Bindings Name Transport Encoding Interop BasicHttpBinding HTTP/HTTPS Text Yes NetTcpBinding TCP Binary No NetPeerTcpBinding P2P Binary No NetNamedPipeBinding IPC Binary No WSHttpBinding HTTP/HTTPS Text, MTOM Yes WSFederationBinding HTTP/HTTPS Text, MTOM Yes WSDualHttpBinding HTTP/HTTPS Text, MTOM Yes NetMsmqBinding MSMQ Binary No NetIntegrationBinding MSMQ Binary Yes

WCF Services

What is JSON? JavaScript Object Notation Format for bridging JavaScript and objects Easier for browsers than XML ASP.NET AJAX & other AJAX toolkits use it Other web-aware clients also (Silverlight, etc.) var data = {“temp” : 59, “descr” : “cloudy”}; document.write (“The weather is “ + data.descr);

WCF / AJAX Integration WCF AJAX support in Visual Studio Script manager, VS Project Templates WCF automatically generates JS proxy Usage pattern similar to existing one: Add service to Script Manager control Write JavaScript code to work with proxy Configuration not required Via the WebScriptServiceHostFactory (.svc file) Works in ASP.NET Medium Trust!

JSON Services

Web Concepts (REST) Embrace the URI Segments map to application logic HTTP GET is special GET is idempotent (View It) Multiple GETs to a URI should produce the same (or similar) results PUT / POST / DELETE do “stuff” (Do It) Content-type header is the data model Image, XML, JSON, etc.

The Web, the URI, and Apps objectsharp.com/artists/Flaming+Hammer/HitMe objectsharp.com/artists/Northwind/Overdone objectsharp.com/artists/{artist}/{album} objectsharp.com/artists/Flaming+Hammer?album=HitMe objectsharp.com/artists/Northwind?album=Overdone objectsharp.com/astists/{artist}?album={album}

Modeling a URI in .NET 3.5 System.UriTemplate Type for modeling URI to application semantics Can “bind” data to a template, output a URI Can “match” a URI to a template, retrieve data System.UriTemplateMatch Returned from UriTemplate “match” operations Can get relative paths and wildcard segments System.UriTemplateTable For “binding” a URI to a group of UriTemplates

Roundtrip Data in a URI Uri address = new Uri(“http://localhost:2000”); UriTemplate template = new UriTemplate(“{artist}/{album}”); Uri boundUri = template.BindByPosition(address, “Northwind”, “Overdone”); UriTemplateMatch match = template.Match(address, boundUri); String bandName = match.BoundVariables[“artist”];

URIs in WCF Contracts Simple URI-to-application mapping [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate=“/Image/{artist}/{album}”)] Stream GetAlbumImage(String artist, String album); [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate=“/Image?name={artist})] Stream GetMainImage(String artist);

HTTP Verbs in WCF Contracts All HTTP verbs are first class citizens GET, POST, PUT, etc. “View It” vs “Do It” separation mimics web [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate=“/Image/{bandName}/{album}”)] Stream GetAlbumImage(String bandName, String album); [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(METHOD=“PUT”)] // {PUT, POST, DELETE} void AddAlbum(AlbumInfo albumInfo);

Data Formats and the Web HTTP headers can indicate Accepted data formats (Request) The format of the returned data (Response) Common header names: Accept (Request), Content-Type (Response) Small sampling of varieties: text/html, text/css, image/gif, image/jpeg, application/atom+xml, application/json, video/mp4

Specifying Data Format in WCF WebOperationContext.Current provides access to incoming request headers Can also set outgoing response headers Some are shortcut for easier use Stream GetAlbumImage(String bandName, String album){ Stream stream; // get the image from somewhere WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = “image/jpeg”; return stream; }

Hosting / Binding WebHttpBinding endpoint on a ServiceHost Add WebHttpBehavior to the endpoint Use WebServiceHost/Factory in most cases Web endpoints do not support WSDL Works in ASP.NET Medium Trust!

View It and Do It

Agenda Level-set JSON Services HTTP Programming Model Syndication

Syndication Goals in .NET 3.5 Syndications are more than news and blogs Representation of any set of data Usually slowly changing Unified object model for RSS and Atom SyndicationFeed / SyndicationItem Feeds are service operations Consume as a service or as document

Syndication in .NET Fx 3.5 Single stop for syndications Create and Consume with or without WCF Easy to use object model Transport Agnostic Supports syndication extensions Format Agnostic RSS 2.0 & ATOM 1.0, others possible Works in ASP.NET Medium Trust!

Syndication Contracts in WCF [ServiceKnownType(typeof(Atom10FeedFormatter))] [ServiceKnownType(typeof(Rss20FeedFormatter))] [ServiceContract] interface IAlbumSyndication { [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate=“Images/{format}quot;)] SyndicationFeedFormatter<SyndicationFeed> Feed(String format); }

Syndication with PictureServices

Web Centric Features in WCF 3.5 Simple HTTP service development SOAP and POX from the same contract JSON messaging capability Simple syndication – really! Built on WCF extensibility points from .NET 3.0

Resources Microsoft WCF Community Site http://wcf.netfx3.com/ PictureServices Samples http://www.cloudsamples.net/pictureservices/ The EndPoint on Channel 9 http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/The_EndPoint Justin Smith’s Blog http://blogs.msdn.com/justinjsmith/ Steve Maine’s Blog http://hyperthink.net/blog/ Getting Started with WCF http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/vbasic/bb736015.aspx

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REST, JSON and RSS with WCF 3.5

by Rob Windsor on Dec 15, 2008

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REST, JSON and RSS with WCF 3.5 — Presentation Transcript