The dual self model of consumer decision making

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    Notes on slide 1

    Use clickers. Write down percentages for discussion.

    Use clickers. Write down percentages for discussion.

    Use clickers. Write down percentages for discussion.

    Use clickers. Write down percentages for discussion.

    D. Read (Leeds U.) & B. van Leeuwen (Leeds U.), 1998, Predicting hunger: The effects of appetite and delay on choice. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 76, 189-205.

    See Laibson, David, “Golden Eggs and Hyperbolic Discounting, Quarterly Journal ofEconomics, 112 (1997), 443–477.Robson, A. J. (2002). Evolution and human nature. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(2), 89-106.

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    The dual self model of consumer decision making - Presentation Transcript

    1. Introduction to the dual-self model of choice
      Dr. Russell James III
      University of Georgia
    2. An alternative model
      Previous discussion shows that the rational, utility-maximizing assumption for consumers is not always true.
      So, now what?
      Throw it out the door?
      But, it often makes accurate predictions
      A modification from behavioral economics
    3. “Our theory proposes that many sorts of decision problems should be viewed as a game between a sequence of short-run impulsive selves and a long-run patient self.”
      Drew Fudenburg (Harvard U.) and David K. Levine (Washington U.), 2006, A dual-self model of impulse control. American Economic Review, 96(5), 1449-1476.
    4. Fudenberg & Levine (2006)
      Long-run (patient) self
      • This side tries to maximize utility across time
      Short-run (impulsive) selves
      • Sequential selves that exist only for a brief time
      • Each cares only about immediate experience
    5. Experiment Time!
      This is real. One of you will be picked to receive one of the choices you selected.
    6. Choice One
      Pick one
      You can receive $1.00 (cash) on the second to last day of this class.
      You can receive $1.05 (cash) on the last day of this class.
    7. Choice Two
      Pick one. One week prior to the last day of class, you can have during class either
      Tangerine
      Chocolate Bar
      The dollar value of both is identical. (Of course, the tangerine is a healthier choice.)
    8. It’s now time!
      Get ready, someone is about to get a nice giveaway!
    9. Choice Three
      Pick one. Right now, you can have either
      Tangerine
      Chocolate Bar
      The dollar value of both is identical. (Of course, the tangerine is a healthier choice.)
    10. Choice Four
      Pick one
      You can receive $1.00 (cash) right now.
      You can receive $1.05 (cash) during the next meeting of this class.
    11. Research Results
      Read & van Leeuwen (1998). 200 participants. People who were not hungry, chose the unhealthy snack for delivery in one week
      26% of the time
      They chose the unhealthy snack for immediate consumption
      70% of the time
      ←Next Week
      Right Now ->
      26%
      70%
    12. Dual-self
      Long-run (patient) self
      • This side tries to maximize utility across time
      Short-run (impulsive) selves
      • Sequential selves that exist only for a brief time
      • Each cares only about immediate experience
    13. Discussion
      Short-run (impulsive) selves
      Does the short-run self care about
      • Future consumption next week?
      • Future health consequences?
      • Immediate consumption choice?
      ←Next Week
      Right Now ->
      26%
      70%
    14. Discussion
      Discuss with a neighbor and vote in a moment.
      Does this result fit better with simple rational decision-making or a two-system approach?
      Simple rational decision making
      Two system “dual-self” decision making
      (long-run/patient self and short-run/impulsive selves)
      ←Next Week
      Right Now ->
      26%
      70%
    15. Class vote comparison
      How many voted for chocolate at the end of the semester?
      Fall 2009 – 62.7% (n=86)
      How many voted for chocolate right now?
      Fall 2009 – 64.8% (n=74)
    16. Hyperbolic discounting
      Would you rather receive $100 right now or $101 in a week? Most people choose $100 right now.
      But when the choice is between $100 a year from now and $101 in a year and a week from now, most people choose $101 in a year and a week.
      This is time inconsistent, as both choices involve delaying by one week for $1.
      Note also that choosing $100 right now implies an interest rate charge of 1% per week or APR of 52%
    17. Discussion
      Short-run (impulsive) selves
      Does the short-run self care about
      • Immediate money?
      • Two different future money options?
      Now
      v. later
      Later v.
      much later
    18. Class vote comparison
      How many voted to take the $1 on the second to last day of the class (instead of $1.05 on the last day)?
      Fall ‘09: 32.2% (n=87)
      How many voted to take the $1 right now (instead of $1.05 in the next class meeting)?
      Fall ‘09: 66.3% (n=86)
      What is the implied interest rate being charged to those who chose the immediate $1?
      Next class in 2 days. 5% difference. APR = (365/2) X 5% ≈912%
    19. Thoughts to ponder
      Could the willingness of some to ignore a 920% interest rate for immediate reward have implications for consumer use of credit?
      Could the variations in the healthiness of food choices have implications for consumer food choices?
      More later…
    20. Slides by:
      Russell James III, J.D., Ph.D.
      Asst. Professor, Department of Housing &
      Consumer Economics, University of Georgia
      Please use these slides!
      If you think you might use anything here in a classroom, please CLICK HEREto let me know. Thanks!
      The outline for this behavioral economics
      series is at rjames.myweb.uga.edu/outline.htm

    + Russell JamesRussell James, 1 month ago

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