The Beginnings of CALL and the CALL-IS Personal Reflections on Major Paradigm Shifts in CALL Use Roger Kenner TESOL 2009 - Denver

Stage 1: Main-Frame Computers What did CALL look like? 1979 Computer Terminal connected to main-frame computer 300 baud modem gives way to (modern) 1200 baud Gandalf box

What did CALL look like?

1979

Computer Terminal connected to main-frame computer

300 baud modem gives way to (modern) 1200 baud Gandalf box

Stage 1: Or it might have looked like this? All of our software also ran on teletypes

Stage 1: What did the software look like? Letters crawl across the screen Lines scroll up form the bottom, vanish at the top.

Letters crawl across the screen

Lines scroll up form the bottom, vanish at the top.

Stage 1: Primitive? Maybe so But running major authoring systems like Dasher

Maybe so

But running major authoring systems like Dasher

Stage 1: We kept copious records All wrong answers All events All scores Analysis by Question Item

All wrong answers

All events

All scores

Analysis by Question Item

Stage 1: Assisting Instructors Protocol for focussing their efforts Gathering their data Programming it for them

Protocol for focussing their efforts

Gathering their data

Programming it for them

Stage 1: Main-Frame Computers David Sanders, TESOL 92 Invitation to host colloquium at TESOL 93 1980-1987 Thousands of students Other, more famous systems of this genre PLATO TICCIT

David Sanders, TESOL 92

Invitation to host colloquium at TESOL 93

1980-1987

Thousands of students

Other, more famous systems of this genre

PLATO

TICCIT

Stage 2: Microcomputer Revolution Took the field by storm Accessible to everyone Cottage industry Anyone could do it for better or worse Intecolor 80 Computer: 32K RAM Clef series software Advent of colour Primitive graphics

Took the field by storm

Accessible to everyone

Cottage industry

Anyone could do it

for better or worse

Advent of colour

Primitive graphics

Stage 2: Microcomputers Early Conference Presentations or Revival Meetings? Got a computer last summer, look what I’ve done! Immediate feedback! Individualized instruction! Gathering converts TESOL 93 – Practitioners talking to each other! A buzz in the ‘computer hall’ The first books on CALL CALICO founded

Early Conference Presentations

or Revival Meetings?

Got a computer last summer, look what I’ve done!

Immediate feedback!

Individualized instruction!

Gathering converts

TESOL 93 – Practitioners talking to each other!

A buzz in the ‘computer hall’

The first books on CALL

CALICO founded

Stage 3: Microcomputers Grow Up Hard drives 3.5”, 720K -> 1.44mb floppy disks MS-DOS 3.0 -> 6.0 IBM-PC Macintosh (Image from Wikipedia) Revolutionary operating system High quality graphics

Hard drives

3.5”, 720K -> 1.44mb floppy disks

MS-DOS 3.0 -> 6.0

Revolutionary operating system

High quality graphics

Stage 3: Microcomputers Grow Up Adventure Game Generator (Roger Kenner) HyperCard (Image from Web source)

Stage 3: Microcomputers Grow Up WordStar (Wikipedia) Lotus 1-2-3 (Wikipedia)

Stage 3: Interactive Videodisk

Stage 4: CD-ROM Rosetta Stone (Personal Collection) Rosetta Stone (Web Source)

Stage 5: Windows Windows 3.11 (Wikipedia)

Stage 6: The Web WebCT Early Yahoo on Mosaic

Stage 6: CD-ROM -> The Web IMDb 1994 – Present (2009 View) Cinemania 1992-1997 (personal collection)

Stage 7: Web2 and Beyond Roger Kenner March, 2009