Get Ready For Ipv6

WELCOME DELHI IT PROS
http://groups.msn.com/itdelhiug

Agenda – Delhi IT Community Event Jan 09

Get Ready for IPv6?
Ranjana Jain
IT Pro Evangelist
Microsoft India
MCSE, MCT, RHCE, CISSP, CIW Security Analyst
Blog: http://ranjanajain.spaces.live.com

IPv4 Limitations
IPv6 Changes in Addressing
Future IPv6 Solutions
IPv6 with Windows Vista
What Will We cover?

TCP/IP
IPv4 Addressing
Subnetting
Level 200
Helpful Experience

Introducing IPv6
Addressing with IPv6
Transitioning to IPv6
Exploring IPv6 Scenarios
Agenda

The Microsoft Networks Vision
IPsec isolation
Lab
Guest

The Microsoft Networks Vision - Notes
IPsec isolation
Lab
Guest

Shortcomings of IPV4
Exponential Internet Growth – Exhaustion on Address Space
Security at the Internet Layer
Internet Backbone Routers with Large Routing Tables

Shortcomings of IPV4 - Notes
Exponential Internet Growth – Exhaustion on Address Space
Security at the Internet Layer
Internet Backbone Routers with Large Routing Tables

Internet Hosts Growth (1992-2006)
In millions
http://www.isc.org/index.pl?/ops/ds/host-count-history.php

IPv6 as a Global Solution

What about NAT?
NAT Enabled Router
Internet
With IPv6

Introducing IPv6
Agenda

Increased Address Space
IPv4 provides 232 addresses, which =
4,294,967,296
(That’s 4 billion)
IPv6 provides 2128 addresses, which =
340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456
(That’s 3.40*1038, or 340 undecillion addresses)

Header
IPv4
IPv6

Header - Notes
IPv4
IPv6

Anycast
Link Local
Site Local

Types of IPv6 Addresses
Link Local Addresses
Site Local Addresses
10 bits
64 bits
54 bits
10 bits
64 bits
54 bits
Global Addresses
1111 1110 10
Interface ID
000 . . . 000
1111 1110 11
Interface ID
Subnet ID
64 bits
45 bits
16 bits
Interface ID
Subnet ID
001
Global Routing Prefix

Unique Local Addresses
7 bits
40 bits
64 bits
16 bits
1111 110
Interface ID
Global ID
Subnet ID
L

Special IPV6 Addresses

Types of IPv6 Addresses - Notes
Local Link Addresses
Unique Local Addresses
10 bits
64 bits
54 bits
Global Addresses
7 bits
40 bits
64 bits
16 bits
1111 1110 10
Interface ID
000 . . . 000
64 bits
45 bits
16 bits
Interface ID
Subnet ID
001
Global Routing Prefix
1111 110
Interface ID
Global ID
Subnet ID
L

IPv6 Address Syntax
IPv6 address in binary form
Divided along 16-bit boundaries
Each 16-bit block is converted to hexadecimal and delimited with colons
Suppress leading zeros within each block
Compress zero blocks
0010000111011010000000001101001100000000000000000010111100111011 0000001010101010000000001111111111111110001010001001110001011010
21DA:00D3:0000:2F3B:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A
21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
0010000111011010 0000000011010011 0000000000000000 0010111100111011 0000001010101010 0000000011111111 1111111000101000 1001110001011010
2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
21DA:D3::2F3B:
Network ID
Interface ID

IPv6 Address Syntax - Notes
IPv6 address in binary form
Divided along 16-bit boundaries
Each 16-bit block is converted to hexadecimal and delimited with colons
Suppress leading zeros within each block
Compress zero blocks
0010000111011010000000001101001100000000000000000010111100111011 0000001010101010000000001111111111111110001010001001110001011010
21DA:00D3:0000:2F3B:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A
21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
0010000111011010 0000000011010011 0000000000000000 0010111100111011 0000001010101010 0000000011111111 1111111000101000 1001110001011010
2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
21DA:D3::2F3B:
Network ID
Interface ID

Compatibility Addresses
IPv4-compatible Address
0:0:0:0:0:0:w.x.y.z or ::w.x.y.z
Used by IPv6/IPv4 nodes communicating using IPv6
IPv6 packet encapsulated with IPv4 header and sent using IPv4 infrastructure
IPv4-mapped address
0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:w.x.y.z or ::FFFF:w.x.y.z
IPv4 only node to IPv6 node
Used only for internal representation
6to4 address
Used by nodes with both IPv4 and IPv6 over IPv4 routing infrastructure
Formed by combining 2002::/16 with 32 bit IPv4 address making a 48-bit prefix
Tunneling technique defined in RFC 3056

Multicast IPv6 Addresses
IPv6 Multicast Addresses
8 bits
4 bits
112 bits
1111 1111
Group ID
Flags
Scope
4 bits

Subnetting IPv6
64 bits - Host
Subnet
Network
Networks and Hosts from the same 32-bit pool
More networks (255.255.255.0)
More hosts (255.0.0.0)
32 bits - fixed
IPv4 Subnet Mask
64 bits dedicated to hosts
64 bits dedicated to networks
/1
/32
/48
IPv6 Address

Introducing IPv6
Agenda

Transition Technologies
Application Layer
Transport Layer (TCP/UDP
IPv6
IPv4
AAAA Query
A Query
A Query
Network Interface Layer
No Global IPv6 Address
At Least 1 Global IPv6 Address
DNS Server

Transition Technologies - Notes
Application Layer
Transport Layer (TCP/UDP
IPv6
IPv4
AAAA Query
A Query
A Query
Network Interface Layer
No Global IPv6 Address
At Least 1 Global IPv6 Address
DNS Server

IPv6 over IPv4 Tunneling
Router to Router
Host-to-Router or Router-to-Host
IPv4 or IPv6 Infrastructure
IPv4 Infrastructure
Node A
Node B
IPv4 Infrastructure
Node B
IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel
Node A
Host-to-Host
IPv4 Infrastructure
Node B
Node A
IPv6/IPv4 Router
IPv6/IPv4 Router
IPv6/IPv4
IPv6
IPv6/IPv4 Router
IPv6
IPv6/IPv4
IPv6
IPv6/IPv4

IPv6 with Windows Vista
IPv4
IPv6

IPv4 and NAT Introduce Problems
IPv6 Eliminates Problems
Microsoft Provides IPv6 Solutions
Session Summary

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