Global Health - Versus Local Health?

Ramon Lorenzo Luis Rosa Guinto, MD Regional Coordinator for the Asia-Pacific and Founding Coordinator, Global Health Equity InitiativeInternational Federation of Medical Students‟ Associations (IFMSA) Youth Commissioner, Lancet-University of Oslo Commission on Global Governance for Health

Global Healthan area for study, research, and practicethat places a priority on improving healthand achieving health equity for all people worldwide Koplan, et al. 2009

Global Healththose health issues that transcend national boundaries and governments and call foractions on the global forces that determine the health of people Ilona Kickbusch, 2006

Global Healthcollaborative transnational research and action for promoting health for all Beaglehole and Bonita, 2010

Global HealthCan be thought of as• A notion (the current state of global health)• An objective (a world of healthy people, a condition of global health)• A mix of scholarship, research, and practice (with many questions, issues, skills, and competencies) Koplan, et al. 2009

STATE OF WORLD’S HEALTH

Alma Ata, 1978The International Conference on PrimaryHealth Care calls for urgent action by allgovernments, all health and developmentworkers, and the world community to protectand promote the health of all the people ofthe world by the year 2000.

From Beaglehole and Bonita, 2012

Life expectancy at birth (men)Glasgow, Scotland (deprived suburb) 54India 61Philippines 65Korea 65Lithuania 66Poland 71Mexico 72Cuba 75US 75UK 76Glasgow, Scotland (affluent suburb) 82 (WHO World Health Report 2006; Hanlon,P.,Walsh,D. & Whyte,B.,2006)

Source: Dr. Ramon Paterno, University of the Philippines

21st Century Global Health Challenges: Five Trends that Shape the Future1 and 2: Demographic – we are getting older and living incities3: Environmental – the earth is heating up4: Economic – the economic center is shifting eastward5: Epidemiologic – we are sick with noncommunicablediseases (Center for Global Development)

Broad cause of death in countries,by World Bank income groups, 2008

Globalization• Economic; trade• Cultural diffusion• Knowledge and technology transfer• Global village/family• Interdependence versus inequalities• Globalization of risk factors

Champagne Glass

GLOBAL HEALTH TODAY

From Fran Baum

Disease-OrientedInterventions

Millennium Development Goals eradicate extreme improve maternal poverty and health hunger achieve universal combat HIV/AIDS, primary malaria and other education diseasespromote gender equality ensure environmental and empower women sustainability reduce child develop a global mortality partnership for development

Health Systems Strengthening

Universal Health Coverage

"Universal coverage is the ultimate expression of fairness." "Universal coverage is the single mostpowerful concept that public health has to offer."Dr. Margaret ChanWHO Director-General65th World Health Assembly 2012

Social Production of Disease Do we not always find the diseases of the populace traceable to defects in society? Dr. Rudolf Virchow Father of Social Medicine

Social Determinants of Health• Conditions in the social, physical, and economic environment in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, including access to health care• Policies, programs, and institutions

“Unequal distribution of health-damaging experiences is not in any sense a „natural phenomenon, but is a result of the toxic combination of poor social policies and programs, unfair economic arrangements and bad politics.”WHO Commission on SocialDeterminants of Health, 2008 Photo: WHO/Chris Black

The Global Health System and the link to other Sectors

WHERE DO WE START?

POOR GLOBAL HEALTH SICK WORLD HEALTH INEQUITY within and among nations SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC,CULTURAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL Determinants of Health

Reorient the health sector to adopt global health perspective and social understanding of health

Transformative scale-up of medicaleducation – integrate global health

The 21st century physicianthinking globally, acting locally

“The doctor of the future will give no medicine, but will interest his patients in the care of the human frame, in diet, and in the cause andprevention of disease.” Thomas Alva Edison

The Power of Medicine "Medicine… has the obligation to point out problems and to attempt their theoretical solution…The physicians are the natural attorneys of the poor…” Dr. Rudolf Virchow Father of Social Medicine

The Power of Young People“The youth arethe hope of the Fatherland.” Dr. Jose Rizal National Hero of the Philippines

Fathers of Social Medicine

Health for All!Alma Ata, USSR, 1978 Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2008 Thank You Very Much!

Global Health - Versus Local Health?

by Renzo Guinto on Sep 19, 2012

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