Groovy & Grails

Groovy & Grails Rain 2010-1-15

目录
Groovy
Grails
Demo

Web Frameworks

How do we choose?

Grails vs Rails
Groovy vs Ruby
API documentation better than Rails
Solid frameworks underneath, such as spring, hibernate
Both has a active community, Rails more popular, and more jobs, more books.

Grails vs Rails
DB Migrations
GORM vs Active Record
REST
Webserver
Faster than Rails, but used lot of memory, cheaper hosting
Rails mature than Grails
Rails release/update more often

Groovy
Groovy 是一种基于 JVM 的敏捷开发语言，它结合了 Python 、 Ruby 和 Smalltalk 的许多强大的特性。
支持 DSL
对于 Java 开发人员几乎没有学习难度
可以编译成字节码

Hello Groovy
def name='World'; println "Hello $name!"

Groovy vs Java
default imports
closures
native syntax for lists and maps
GroovyMarkup and GPath support
native support for regular expressions
polymorphic iteration and powerful switch statement
dynamic and static typing is supported - so you can omit the type declarations on methods, fields and variables
you can embed expressions inside strings
lots of new helper methods added to the JDK
simpler syntax for writing beans for both properties and adding event listeners
safe navigation using the ?. operator, e.g. "variable?.field" and "variable?.method()" - no more nested ifs to check for null clogging up your code

Default imports
java.io.*
java.lang.*
java.math.BigDecimal
java.math.BigInteger
java.net.*
java.util.*
groovy.lang.*
groovy.util.*

Commons
int[] a = {1,2,3}; -> int[] a = [1,2,3]
for (int i=0; i < len; i++) {...}
-> for (i in 0..len-1) {...}
-> len.times {...}

Others to know
Semicolons are optional
You can use the this keyword inside static methods
The return keyword is optional
The throws clause in a method signature is not checked by the Groovy compiler
You will not get compile errors like you would in Java for using undefined members or passing arguments of the wrong type.

Cloure
square = { it * it }
square(9) // 81
[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ].collect(square) // =[ 1, 4, 9, 16 ]

Grails
快速 Web 开发框架
基于 Groovy 编程语言
构建于 Spring 、 Hibernate 和其它标准 Java 框架之上
高效的一站式框架

Success Stories

MVC
Model ： Domain
class Person {
String name
}
View ： gsp 、 taglib
Controller ： XxxController
class PersonController {
def create = {}
def save = {}
def view = {}
}

Scaffold
class XxxController {
def scaffold = Domain
}

GORM
CRUD ： save 、 get 、 delete 、 list
findBy*
findAllBy*
findWhere
findAllWhere
find(sql)
count/countBy*
exists
list/listOrderBy
withCriteria
executeQuery(HSQL)

Taglib
if/else/elseif/while/set/collect/each/grep/findAll
meta/header/cookie
pageProperty/layoutHeader/layoutTitle/layoutBody/applyLayout
resource/javascript/include/render
textField/textArea/radio/checkBox/form/
remoteField/formRemote/remoteLink

Service
在 grails-app/service 目录
命名约定 XxxService

Testing
unit
Integration
GroovyTestCase
GrailsUnitTestCase
GroovyPagesTestCase
ControllerUnitTestCase
TagLibUnitTestCase
WebFlowTestCase

Plugins
Over 340
Security ： Acegi 、 Shiro
Ajax ： Prototype 、 jQuery 、 YUI 、 GWT
UI ： GrailsUI 、 RichUI
Report ： Dynamic Jasper
Jobs ： Quartz
Web 2.0: Feeds 、 Taggable 、 Commentable
Workflow ： grailsflow 、 jbpm
Editor ： FCKeditor

Tools
IDE: Eclipse 3.5 、 NetBeans 6.8 、 IDEA 9 、 Spring STS 2.3.0
Editor ： E-Texteditor 、 Textmate 、 GEdit
Build ： Maven 、 Ant 、 Ivy
WebContainer ： Tomcat 、 Jetty
Database ： HSQL 、 MySQL
GRAG

Tutorials
Mastering Grails @ IBM developerWorks
Cookbook Tutorials
Articles
Twitter and Google Maps mashup in 20 minutes with Grails
Securing a Grails application using Spring and Acegi Security
A Grails-Powered Blog (Part 1)
A Grails-Powered Blog (Part 2)

Presentations
http://grailspodcast.com/blog/list
Grails JavaOne 2006 Slides
Groovy & Grails Seminar
Bending GORM: 5-minute Techniques for Enterprise Integration
Grails 1.1 Testing - Unit, Integration, Functional (July 2009)
Getting Started with Grails

Roadmap
Grails 1.3
support groovy 1.7 ， standalone GSP ， Deployment and resolution of plugins from Maven repositories
Grails 2.0
modular deployment with OSGi

App
grails.org
http://grails.org
groovyblogs.org
http://www.groovyblogs.org/
Weceem CMS
http://www.weceem.org/
Groller
http://code.google.com/p/rainboyan/

Demo
Grails HelloWorld:
1) grails create-app helloworld
2) grails create-controller hello
3) edit HelloController.groovy
4) create say.gsp
5) grails run-app

Links
http://www.grails.org
http://www.grails.org/Tutorials
http://www.jtict.com/blog/grails-vs-rails/
http://www.grails.org/GRAG

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Groovy & Grails

by rainboyan on Jan 16, 2010

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