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Climate and energy choices made simple
- 2. you hear about... climate change
- 4. you hear about... carbon footprint
- 5. you hear about... energy plans: Pickens, Obama, Google, McCain...
- 6. what you want to know is... how do i fit in?
- 7. what you need are... tools for making the right consumer choices
- 8. wattzon.com Because solving climate and energy challenges requires everyone's help.
- 9. wattzon.com Measure what is measureable, make measure- able what is not. - Galileo
- 10. wattzon.com A social network around the notion of energy use and conservation. A wiki methodology for assembling a profoundly complex dataset. Share. Compare. Learn. Change.
- 11. What is my relationship to climate and energy?
- 12. HOW MUCH POWER DO I USE?
- 13. Energy & power basics Energy is measured in Joules (J) Energy is a measurable amount. A quantity. Lifting an apple from the ground to the table. ~ 1 Joule
- 14. Energy & power basics Power is measured in Watts (W). 1 Watt = 1 Joule / second. 40 apples per second from the Power is the rate of using ground to the table = 40 Watts. energy.
- 15. Energy & power basics Running this Apple laptop takes 40 Watts.
- 16. Using units of power allows you to compare things that happen on markedly different time scales. yearly + monthly + daily + ... Power, in Watts, is like an average. The average amount of energy, in Joules, you use each second. If you do something yearly (like fly 105,000 miles), it contributes: 168,207 kilometers 1 year 1.40 megajoules Joules 1 year � 31,536,000 seconds � 1 kilometer � 7,462 second = 7,462 Watts If you do something monthly (like your electricity bill), it contributes: 122 kilowatt ·hours 1 month 3.6 megajoules Joules 1 month � 2,952,000 seconds � 1 kilowatt · hour � 170 second = 170 Watts If you do something daily (like drink 1 Energy drink), it contributes: 1 energy drink 1 day 7.84 megajoules Joules 1 day � 86,400 seconds � 1 bottle � 90 second = 90 Watts
- 17. quot;Watts per alwaysquot; 100W Think of your life in light bulbs.... A 12,000 Watt lifestyle is 120 x 100 watt light bulbs burning permanently.
- 18. SFO TO LHR 41 W W W 60 LHR- 3W 4 SF 30 TS 29 SF O ER ATL HE 3 O-A H TH DS LIG ED SFO L-A -ATL O -SF A TL T NT O W W O EE 1 M R -CP A 4 OU S- 410 W O1 K- TR A 160 AT O E W 0W S AS H5 CC G IC 4 60 L- N G ST GY S -H W N-A W 10 JU ER W FO 4 W O W 3 N N ER W 3 W NO -O 57 E H S A 1 S IR W OT S LE FA 0 SF K W 5 W 56 2 C F BO O- BO 0 HH A E HI S-A ICE W S V V S- S G V. AN R W SF 21 O ER -SE 0 OA O 21 0 W G T L 10 OA K DC -DC V E TA E K-O 0W 8W S NS RD -O 18 S PO FE -M ON AK 18 W 0 OD 40 W E -QU GO 3 D QU E-D E2 0W ITE ION TW 10 WH UCAT 60 W -SF W ED ANCE O2 BUR-O SFO 10 W FIN AK 20 -JFK 80 W W OAK-BUR 200 RE 6 20 W JFK-SFO W HCA 200 W H EALT SFO-BO W BOS-ORD S 210 W TION 110 70 W RECREA ORD-SFO 14 0W HOUSE 260 W SFO-JFK 200 W JFK-SFO 200 W 230 W MISCSTU SJC-SJO FF1000 W 0W JC 23 SJO-S 0W BOO IJ 28 KS S JC-V W WA 130 80 STE W C2 BIK DIS -SJ NE ES PO TEXT VIJ WS 6 WW SA L 9 ILES EL 18 A EC 0 W TER 1 W T 90 W TR 60 RAN W ON W SPO 1 40 CO IC S2 RTT OM D1 M PU 50 E 4 SY W 0W O- TE SF RS BO W 70 0 AT 0 CA 31 W W S RS R 0 50 0W WO -D 31 56 W W O WO ERTI 28 FO SF RK 0W AG IN 0 80 HILU 150 W -S TE W 0W RK AK HE W 0W O2 .F SHOWERS GAS 70 W 0W COOKING GAS 30 W DR RN 31 -O EL AT 100 X 16 ET F O MA 24 HT EC 20 TAXIORRENTAL 47 K-S W SF 70 SIG LIZ TER 0W TR YV OA W IC MY 2007 LIFE ER A IN UGG A TACO PRIN 41 OTA 50 ND 0W EB GE S W TOY 17027 W HO DUN TOYOT AG ELEC CIDE AG PEST 0 W 0 W DOD . FO AG . CO (pre tax) . BE SS FF SU ER CE ILF OTHER EE LIGHTS GA TR STERE FR LAPTOP COMPU &W W I RE FRIDGE DA UE HEATIN IC R UIT 50 W S 3 2 FA AL IRY LS ME INE 20 40 TS ,V S& S ELEC 8 O ELEC AT 80 ELEC 7 EG AN GGS W 10 6 TER EL ELEC 1 G GAS 4 GR TS 9 ELEC 3 &E W DO &N W AIN U IL 0W W S 1W EC 10 16 0W 10 00 W W 0W 0W 0W W W
- 19. Per capita power use 2003 Per Capita Energy Use 2003 30 16 Belgium 17 Saudi Arabia 18 Singapore 19 Gibraltar 20 Netherlands 21 Oman 1 Qatar 22 France 23 Russian Federation 25 2 Iceland 24 New Zealand 3 United Arab Emirates 25 Korea, Rep 26 Czech Rep 4 Bahrain 27 Germany 28 Austria 5 Luxembourg 29 Japan 6 Netherlands Antilles 30 United Kingdom 31 Denmark 7 Kuwait 32 Ireland 20 8 Trinidad and Tobago 33 Switzerland 34 Estonia 9 Canada 35 Turkmenistan 36 Slovenia 10 United States 37 Slovakia 11 Brunei Darussalam 38 Kazakhstan 39 Cyprus kilowatts 12 Finland 40 Spain 41 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 13 Norway 15 42 Israel 14 Sweden 43 Italy 44 Ukraine 15 Australia 45 Greece 46 Belarus 47 Lithuania 48 South Africa 49 Hungary 50 Bulgaria US Average. 10 5 Global Average 0 10 20 30 40 50
- 20. Energy production Humanity Units shown in Terawatts (TW) 18 TW Gas: 3.2 Coal: 3.6 Nuclear: 1 Hydro: 0.36 Wind: 0.06 Solar: 0.016 Geothermal: 0.03 Tidal: 0.0005 Plants: 5.2 Oil:5
- 21. Cumulative National CO2 Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Burning, Cumulative national CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, ce- ment manufacture, andand Gas Flaring: 1751-2004 Cement Manufacture, gas flaring: 1751-2004 90 80 1 UNITED_STATES_OF_AMERICA 16 AUSTRALIA 17 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 2 USSR 18 BELGIUM 3 CHINA_MAINLAND 19 SPAIN 4 GERMANY_COMBINE 20 BRAZIL 5 JAPAN_COMBINE 21 REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA 70 6 UNITED_KINGDOM 22 NETHERLANDS 23 ISLAMIC_REPUBLIC_OF_IRAN giga metric tons of carbon 7 YUGOSLAVIA_COMBINE 24 SAUDI_ARABIA 8 FRANCE_INCLUDING_MONACO 25 INDONESIA 26 ROMANIA 9 INDIA 27 DEMOCRATIC_PEOPLES_REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA 60 10 CANADA 28 ARGENTINA 11 POLAND 29 VENEZUELA 12 RUSSIAN_FEDERATION 30 TURKEY 31 UKRAINE 13 ITALY_INCLUDING_SAN_MARINO 32 TAIWAN 14 SOUTH_AFRICA 33 AUSTRIA 50 15 MEXICO 34 SWEDEN 35 HUNGARY 36 THAILAND 37 DENMARK 38 ALGERIA 39 BULGARIA 40 40 EGYPT 41 GREECE 42 SWITZERLAND 43 NIGERIA 44 MALAYSIA 45 FINLAND 30 46 UNITED_ARAB_EMIRATES 47 KAZAKHSTAN 48 IRAQ 49 COLOMBIA 50 PAKISTAN 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50
- 22. Temperature Changes around the world in the last quarter of the 20th century Trends in °C per decade -1 - 0.8 - 0.6 - 0.4 - 0.2 0 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.6 + 0.8 +1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1
- 23. Out of equilibrium Atmosphere Atmosphere 600 GtC to Ocean +2 2 GtC/year Soils Carbon to 3000 GtC Atmosphere 7 GtC/year Oceans 40000 GtC Accessible Fossil Fuels 1600 GtC Vegetation 700 GtC
- 24. What is the challenge? Current Demand: 16 TW Fossil Fuel: 3 TW Existing non-carbon: 1.5 TW New Clean Energy: 16 - ( 3 + 1.5 ) = 11.5 TW
- 25. Global consumption Sources of renewable energy. 15 TW 85 000 TW Surface Solar 3.5 TW Tidal 41 000 TW 38 000 TW 31 000 TW Evaporation Land & Water heating Atmospheric Absorption 300 TW Hydro Clouds 3600 TW Wind 25 TW Hydro Land 32 TW Geo thermal 7.2 TW Hydro Rivers 62 TW Ocean surface waves 90 TW Photosynthesis 25 TW Ocean 65 TW Land 3 TW Coastal waves 100 TW Ocean thermal gradient
- 26. km 10000 2000 4000 6000 8000 0 0 RUS 2000 CHN CAN USA 4000 BRA AUS IND km ARG 6000 KAZ DZA SDN COD SAU MEX IDN LBY IRN MNG PER NER TCD 8000 AGO MLI ZAF BOL COL MRT ETH EGY NGA TZA VEN NAM MOZ PAK TUR CHL ZMB MMR AFG SOM CAF MDG UKR KEN BWA FRA YEM THA ESP TKM 10000 CMR PNG MAR IRQ Land area by country represented as scaled stripes UZB SWE GRL PRY ZWE JPN DEU COG MYS VNM CIV OMN POL NOR FIN PHL ITA ECU BFA NZL ESH GAB GIN GBR LAO ROM GHA BLR UGA GUY SEN KGZ SYR KHM URY SUR TUN NPL TJK BGD GRC NIC PRK HND BGR BEN CUB GTM YUG ERI ISL KOR LBR MWI HUN PRT JOR ARE AUT AZE CZE PAN SLE GEO IRL LKA LTU LVA HRV TGO BIH CRI DOM SVK BTN DNK EST CHE TWN NLD MDA BEL LSO ARM GNB GNQ SLB HTI ALB MKD BDI RWA DJI ISR BLZ SLV FJI SVN KWT TLS SWZ JAM QAT VUT GMB BHS LBN PSE PRI CYP BRN FSM BHR TON KIR DMA STP HGK MUS COM LUX WSM CPV TTO SGP 2TW Wind 5TW Solar 1TW Hydro 2TW Biofuels “Renewistan” - 10TW