3. The freedom to use and study the work,
The freedom to copy and share the work with others,
The freedom to modify the work,
The freedom to distribute modified and therefore derivative works.
10. *
NOTHING CAN BE CREATED WITHOUT INFLUENCE
*Copying is not theft – under certain circumstances
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcvd5JZkUXY&feature=related
12. --Section 107
Copyright Act of 1976
*
Criticism, comment, news
reporting, teaching, scholar
ship, research
… but also many forms of
creative work that advance
and spread innovation
13. --Section 107
Copyright Act of 1976
*
Fair use of copyrighted materials is
allowed when the benefits to society
outweigh the private costs
to the copyright holder
Fair use prevents
copyright law from becoming
a form of
private censorship
14. When I use the creative work of others in my own work,
which concepts apply to my situation?
Attribution: Citing your sources
Plagiarism: Not acknowledging source material used in your
work
Infringement: Copying another’s work in violation of law
Fair Use: Legal use of copyrighted works without permission or
payment
Licensing: Asking permission and paying a fee
15. --Section 107
Copyright Act of 1976
*
Fair use of copyrighted materials is
allowed when the benefits to society
outweigh the private costs
to the copyright holder
Fair use prevents
copyright law from becoming
a form of
private censorship
16. Transformative Use is Fair Use
“When a user of copyrighted materials adds
value to, or repurposes materials for a use
different from that for which it was
originally intended, it will likely be
considered transformative use; it will also
likely be considered fair use. Fair use embraces
the modifying of existing media
content, placing it in new context.”
--Joyce Valenza, School Library Journal
18. * Is Your Use of Copyrighted Materials a Fair
Use?
1. Did the unlicensed use “transform” the material taken from the
copyrighted work by using it for a different purpose than that of
the original, or did it just repeat the work for the same intent
and value as the original?
2. Was the material taken appropriate in kind and amount,
considering the nature of the copyrighted work and of the use?
19. MYTH:
FAIR USE IS TOO UNCLEAR AND COMPLICATED FOR ME; IT’S BETTER
LEFT TO LAWYERS AND ADMINISTRATORS.
*Fair Use Is Empowering
TRUTH: The fair use provision
of the Copyright Act is written
broadly because it is designed to
apply to a wide range of creative
works and the people who use
them. Fair use is a part of the
law that belongs to everyone.
20. Educators can:
1. make copies of newspaper articles, TV shows, and other copyrighted
works and use them and keep them for educational use
2. create curriculum materials and scholarship with copyrighted materials
embedded
3. share, sell and distribute curriculum materials with copyrighted
materials embedded
Learners can:
4. use copyrighted works in creating new material
5. distribute their works digitally if they meet the transformativeness
standard
*Five Principles
Code of Best Practices in Fair Use
21. High School Case Study:
Upper Merion Area High School
King of Prussia, PA
College Case Study:
Project Look Sharp at Ithaca College
Ithaca, NY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Z2-DtC8Q0k
24. Discussion Questions:
1. Why do you think Newsweek told Project
Look Sharp to get permission from the
photographers and the subjects of the
photos?
2. Do you think it makes a difference
whether or not Project Look Sharp makes
money from selling their curriculum
materials? Why or why not?
3. In this video, the copyrighted images
were used for purposes of critique and
analysis. Would it make a difference to you
if the images were used for purposes of
illustration? Why or why not?
4. Which of the five principles are relevant
in this case? What evidence supports your
answer?
30. The metaphor of "standing on the
shoulder of giants" is often used to
promote and validate the
Free Software Movement
31. *Richard Matthew Stallman (born March 16, 1953),
often shortened to rms,[1] is an American software
freedom activist and computer programmer. In
September 1983, he launched the GNU Project[2] to
create a free Unix-like operating system, and has
been the project's lead architect and organizer. With
the launch of the GNU Project, he initiated the free
software movement; in October 1985 he founded
the Free Software Foundation.
*Stallman pioneered the concept of copyleft and he is
the main author of several copyleft licenses
including the GNU General Public License, the most
widely used free software license.[3] Since the mid-
1990s, Stallman has spent most of his time
advocating for free software, as well as campaigning
against both software patents and what he sees as
excessive extension of copyright laws. Stallman has
also developed a number of pieces of widely used
software, including the original Emacs,[4] the GNU
Compiler Collection,[5] the GNU Debugger,[6] and
many tools in the GNU Coreutils[citation needed]. He co-
founded the League for Programming Freedom in
1989.
