Quality circle
3. Quality Circle
A small group of employees from
the same workplace organized to
participate in mutual development
and
problem – solving activities that
would help
improve Quality and Productivity
of the organization.
4. ;;a;aj ljhla hkq
—;;a;aj ljhla hkqfjka ye|skafjkafka hï wdh;khl
M,odhs;d j¾Okh Wfoid tu wdh;kfha
fiajlhka tlg tlaj idlÉPd fldg y÷kd .kakd
.eg¿ yd Bg ks¾foaYs; m%;sl¾u l<ukdlrKh fj;
bosßm;a lrñka wdh;kfha Wkak;sh i|yd
tu wdh;kfha wruqKq by<u uÜgulska idCId;a lr
.ekSu i|yd lghq;= lrk lKavdhï fõ˜'
5. T - TOGETHER
E - EVERY ONE
A - ACHIVE
M - MORE
S - SUCCCES
6. ;;a;aj lj b;sydih
1949 cmdk úoHd{hskaf.a iy bxðfkarejrekaf.a
ix.uh úiska oekqj;a lsÍu
jir 1956 isg ;;a;aj lj ms<sn`oj oekqj;a
lsÍu Wfoid .=jka úÿ,s jevigyka mej;s
w;r miqj th rEmjdysksh olajd jHdma;
úh'
j¾;udkfha wm úiska ms<smosk ;;a;aj lj
l%ufõoh y`ÿkajd oSfï f.!rjh ysñjkafka
Kaoru Ishikawa fj;gh'
7. ;;a;aj lj j, iajNdjh
• l=vd lKavdhuls'
• tlu wxYhl fiajh lsÍu' ^ fyda iudk fiajdjl kshe,Su &
• 6 - 12 idudðl msßila isàu'
• fmdÿ wruqKla ;sîu'
• fm!oa.,sl wNsu;d¾: fjkqfjka fkdj wdh;kfha Wkak;sh
fjkqfjka lghq;= lsÍu'
• ks;ru tla /ia ùu'
• ;ukaf.a fiajdjkag wod< .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu'
• .eg¿ úYaf,aIKh'
• úi`ÿï l<ukdldß;ajhg bosßm;a lsÍu'
8. ;;a;aj ljj, ,CIK
01' iafõÉPdfjka l%shd;aul úh hq;=h'
02' wdh;kfha wruqKq idCId;a lr .ekSu i|yd talrdYs úh
hq;= w;r fm!oa.,sl wNsu;d¾: bgq lr .ekSu
i|yd fkd úh hq;=h'
03' ksrka;rfhka uqK .eiSu w;HjYH h.
04' idudkH jev lrk ld,fha oS uqK .eiSu .
05' hï wëCIlfhl=f.a kdhl;ajh hgf;a lsÍu
06' jevm,g wod< .eg¿ úi`oSu i|yd úh hq;=h.
07' l<ukdlrKhg m%;sl¾u fhdackd l< hq;=h'
lKavdhfï idudcsl ixLHdj l=vd úh hq;=h'
09' wxY jYfhka fyda l%shdjka wkqj lKavdhï .; úh hq;=h'
11. 5 S
;;a;aj
lj
l%shdj,s
jeä
;;a;aj
lj
5 S 5S
5S
5S oshqKqj
;;a;aj
lj
;;a;aj
lj
5 S
l%shdj,s
jeä oshqKqj
12. ;;a;aj lj o¾Ykh
• iyNd.s;aj l<ukdlrKh'
• udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh'
• .eg¿ úi`oSfï l%shdj,sh'
13. ;;a;aj lj - wruqK
1' lKavdhï ye`.Sï j¾Okh lsÍu'
2' fiajlhkaf.a .eg¿ úi`oSfï iy úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï Odß;djh
j¾Okh lsÍu'
3' NdKAvfha$fiajdfõ ;;a;ajh iy M,odhS;djh j¾Okh lsÍu'
4' m%shodhS fiajd ia:dkhla we;s lsÍu'
5' iajhx úYajdih iy ffO¾hh by< kexùu'
6' ld¾h uKav,fha oekqu l=i,;d iy wdl,am j¾Okh'
7' w¨;a ixúOdk ixialD;shla f.dv kexùu'
8' by< fiajl wNsfm%arKhla we;s lsÍu'
9' wNHka;r ikaksfõokh mq¿,a ùu'
10' rdcldßh flfrys we,aula we;s ùu'
14. ;;a;aj lj uQ,O¾u
• wfkl=;a l<ukdlrK iïm;a j,g iudkju jeo.;a
iïm;la f,i ld¾h uKav,h ie,lSu'
• iEu fiajlfhlau m%fhdackj;a idudðlfhla f,i il
%Shj odhl lr .ekSu'
• ish¨u uÜgïj, iyNd.s;ajh iy iydh'
• lKavdhfï l%shdldrlï'
• ks¾udKYS,s;ajh i`oyd ksrka;r osß .ekaùu'
• tosfkod rdcldßj,g iïnkaO jHdmD;s flfrys
wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'
15. ;;a;aj ljhl id¾:l;ajhg n,mdk
idOl'
• by< kdhl;ajfha lemùu iy u`. fmkaùu'
• fiajl uKav,fha odhl;ajh'
• mqyqKq l%u fõoh'
• ish¨u uÜgïj, iyNd.s;ajh'
• meyeos<s wruqKla ;sîu'
• ksrka;r /iaùu'
• wjYH myiqlï i,id oSu'
• jD;a;sh iñ;sj, iyfhda.h'
• fiajl fhdackd$woyia WfmaCIdfjka Ndr .ekSu'
• m%.;sh ikaksfõokh lsÍu'
• lj w;r ;r`. iy ;;a;aj ljh m%j¾Ok jevigyka'
16. ;;a;aj lj jdis'
• fiajlhska iy l<ukdldß;ajh w;r lsÜgq iïnkaO;djhla
we;s ùu'
• fiajlhska w;r iyfhda.h j¾Okh ùu'
• kj oekqula ,eîu'
• /lshdfõ ;Dma;sh'
• fiajlhska w;r ks¾udKYS,s;ajh we;s lsÍu'
• jev moaO;s iy l%u fõo" l%shd mámdáka j¾Okh
ùu" l%uj;a ùu'
• wd;au úYajdih j¾Okh ùu'
• wdh;kfhka imhk fiajdfõ ;;a;ajh$ M,odhS;djh j¾Okh
ùu'
• .eg¿ úi`oSfï l%u fõoh jgyd .ekSu'
17. ;;a;aj lj j, ñkqï l< fkdyels m
%;s,dN
• /lshdfõ ;Dma;sh $ idvïnr;ajh
• ikaksfõokh jeä oshqKq ùu
• iyfhda.s;djh j¾Okh
• jev wdl,am j¾Okh
• lKavdhï ye`.Sï jeä oshqKqj
18. ;;a;aj ljj, ñkqï l< yels m
%;s,dN
M,odhs;djh j¾Okh
NdKavfha$fiajdfõ .=Kd;aulNdjh j¾Okh
uQ,Huh jdiSka ,eîu
myiqfjka$blauKska jev l< yels ùu
ksrmo;djh j¾Okh
19. ;;a;aj lj y`ÿkajd oSu
• wdh;k m%Odkshdf.a iyNd.s;ajh" lemùu iy u`.
fmkaùu w;HjYH idOlhla fõ'
• ;;a;aj lj ixl,amh ms<sn`oj uOHu uÜgfï ks,OdÍka
oekqj;a lsÍu'
• fiajl uKav,h fj; ;;a;aj lj y`ÿkajd oSu yd ;;a;aj ljfha
idudðlhka ùug wdrdOkd lsÍu'
• myiqlï imhkafkl= f,i fcHIaG úOdhl ks,Odßfhl= m;a
lsÍu'
• fufyhqï lñgqjla m;a lsÍu'
• mqyqKqq wjYH;d y`ÿkd .ekSu'
• mqyqKq jevigyka ,nd oSu'
• ksis mßos lj /iaùï meje;aùu'
• ljfha l%shdldß;ajh i`oyd wjYH myiqlï ,nd oSu'
20. ;;a;aj lj l=ula i|yd o @
1' mdßfNda.sl ;Dma;sh by< kexùu'
2' kdia;sh wju lsÍu'
3' ;;a;ajh iy M,odhs;djh j¾Okh lsÍu'
4' wk;=re wju lsÍu
21. WodyrK - ^ ;;a;aj lj jHdmD;s&
• fiajd ,nd oSfï m%udoh j<lajd .ekSu'
• uydud¾.j, yosis wk;=re j<lajd .ekSu'
• ld¾hd,fha úÿ,s ì, wvq lsÍu'
• ld¾hhka kej; kej; lsÍfuka je<lSu'
• fiajdia:dk msßisÿj mj;ajd .ekSu'
• frday,a kv;a;=j ksis mßos isÿ lsÍu'
• ksIamdos; NdKavj, fodaI wju lsÍu'
• NdKav wdmiq yrjd tùï wvq lr .ekSu'
22. ;;a;aj lj úiska f;dard fkd.; hq;=
jHdmD;s
• rcfha m%;sm;a;s'
• pl%f,aL iïnkaO .eg¿'
• jD;a;sh iñ;s fldkafoais'
• iqN idOl lghq;='
• úkh l%shdud¾.'
• idudkH mßmd,k lghq;= - n`ojd .ekSï"
Wiia lsÍï" jev ;ykï" jegqma j¾Ol'
24. ;;a;aj lj - ixúOdk jHQyh
• m%Odk úOdhl ks,Odßhd
• fufyhqï lñgqj
• kshdul lñgqj
• myiqlï imhkakd'
• lj kdhlhd'
• lj idudðlhka'
25. m%Odk úOdhl ks,Odßhd
fufyhqï lñgqj
kshdul lñgqj
lj kdhlhd
lj idudðlhka
lj kdhlhd
lj idudðlhka
lj kdhlhd
lj idudðlhka
lj kdhlhd
lj idudðlhka
myiqlï
imhkakd
26. fufyhqï lñgqj
• ;;a;aj lj jev igyk fufyhjk ixúOdkfha tallh fõ'
• úOdhl m%Odk ks,Odßhd m%Odk;ajh orhs'
• wxY m%Odkska iyNd.s fõ'
• ;;a;aj lj l%shd;aul lsÍug wod< m%;sm;a;s
iïmdokh lrhs'
• l%shd;au ie,eiau ilia lrhs'
• myiqlï imhkakka f;aÍu'
• m%.;s iudf,dapkh'
• ;Hd. yd we.hSu ksYaph lsÍu'
27. myiqlï imhkakd
• l<ukdldß;ajh úiska m;a lrhs'
• l<ukdldß;ajh iy ljh iïnkaO lrhs'
• myiqlï imhkafkl=f.a ,CIK $ld¾hhka
– újD; iy iyfhda.S mßirhla mj;ajd .ekSu'
– ljh rdcldßj,g iïnkaO jHdmD;sj, kshef,k njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu'
– lj jevigyfka úhoï yd m%fhdack ms<sn`oj l<ukdldß;ajhg jd¾;d lsÍu'
– lj kdhlhskag mqyqKqjla ,nd oSu$u. fmkaùu'
– ueosy;alrefjl= f,i m%ldY lsÍu'
– lj Wkkaÿ lsÍu'
– ikaksfõok lghq;= bgq lsÍu'
– lj lsysmhla md,kh l< yels ùu'
– fufyhqï lñgqj iu`. iïnkaëlrKh'
28. lj kdhlhska Circle Leaders
• wxYj, m%Odkska fyda nyq;rhla leue;a; u; f;dard.;a
fiajlhska fõ' ^ .eg¿ úi`osfï l%u fõo$Ys,am l%u& iy
fuj,ï iïnkaO ^myiqlï imhkakkaf.a odhl;ajh ,nd .ks'
• QCC l%shdj,sh ksis mßos l%ñlj isÿjk njg j. n,d
.ekSu'
• jd¾;d ;nd .ekSu iy wjYH f;dr;=re l<ukdlr bosßm;a
lsÍu i`oyd iyh ùu'
• lj /iaùu meje;aùu'
• iyh iy u`. fmkaùu ,nd oSu'
• wksl=;a fiajlhskao idudðlhka u. fmkaùu $osß
.ekaùu'
• .eg¿ úi`oSfïoS iyh ùu'
• lKavdhï úkh mj;ajd .ekSu'
29. lj idudðlhka Members
• /iaùïj,g jd¾;d lsÍu'
• lj jHdmD;sj,oS Wmßu iyfhda.h ,nd
oSu'
• m%Yak y`ÿkd .ekSu" woyia ,nd oSu"
wjYH;djh mßos ióCIK yd ksÍCIK
meje;aùu" lj jHdmD;Ska u.ska
.eg¿ úi`oSfïoS iyh ùu'
• l<uKdldß;ajfha bosßm;a lsÍïj,oS iyh
ùu'
31. BASIC QC TOOLS
1. Flow Chart/Process Map (Identify Major Causes)
2. Check Sheet(Data Collection)
3. Cause & Effect Diagram(Identify Major Causes &
Analyze the data)
4. Pareto Chart( Understand vital few, prioritize the
problems & Evaluate the project)
5. Histogram(Organize the data)
6. Control Chart(Understand process variation)
7. Scatter Diagram(Examine relationship between
two variables)
32. SEVEN NEW QC TOOLS
Data Collection stage
01.Affinity Diagram
Analyzing data & Drawing Conclusions
02.Relations Diagram
03.Tree diagram
04.Matrix Diagram
05.Prioritization Matrix
Making recommendations and Planning
06.Process decision Program Chart (PDPC)
07.Arrow diagram
33. Quality Control Tools
1.Check Sheet - m%.uK j.=
Defect Item Date
Aug 10 Aug 11 Aug 12 Aug 13 Aug 14 Sum
Soldering 11
Joint 8
Lamp 6
Scratch 24
Miscellaneo
9
us
Sum 10 12 11 12 13 58
34. i;sh
;=kajk i;sh isõjk i;sh miajk i;sh tl;=j
fojk i;sh
m<uq i;sh
ldrKh $m%Yakh
f.or wNHdi fkdlsrSu 18
fmd;a ke;slu 7
ksrdydrj mka;shg 15
meñKSu
foudmshka wjOdkh fhduq 19
fkdlsrSu
ljlgq fmÜá fkdue;sj 9
meñKSu
.Ks;h úIhg m%udo ù meñKsu 17
37. 03' md,k igyka ^ Control Chart -Shewhart)
Upper Control Limit
Central Line
Lower Control Limit
Time
Process Parameter
38. iSudfjka msg
12.30 Upper control limit
12. 00 Central Line
11.30 Lower Control Limit
uÜgu
iSudfjka msg
ld,h
39. iuqÉÑ; ;sj%;djh % fya;=j jdr .Kk$o;a; %
foudmshka wjOdkh 70 40 70 40
fhduq fkdlsrSu
f.or jev fkdlsrSu 40 23 110 63
.Ks;hg m%udo ù 35 20 145 83
meñKsu
,uqka laa,dka; 14 8 159 91
ùu
ljlgq fmÜá 9 5 168 96
ke;sùu
.Ks;h úIhg m%udo 7 4 175 100
ù meñKSu
iuqÉÑ; m%;sY;h
04' mefrfgda igyk
40. ;sj%;dj m%;sY;h
.
.
. . . 100
1 2 3 4 5 6
80
60
40
20
100
80
60
40
20
iuqÉÑ;
m%;sY;h
Pareto Chart
41. 5.Cause & Effect Diagram(Ishikawa)
Man Machine Material
Method Measurement Environment
Effect
42. 05' fya;= M, igyk ^ Causes & Effect Diagram &
isiq úkh ie,iqï
iy.; f,i mj;ajd
fkd.ekSu
ld¾h
nyq, ùu
wjg we;s
ndOdldÍ
Yío
oekqj;alu
fkdue;s ùu
fjk;a m wvonr
%uqL;d
foudmshkaf.
a wjOdkh
wvqùu
43. 06' Scatter Diagram- úisß; igyka
mjqf,a wdodhu
uil
, = l Kq
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
70
35
80
32
40
92
52
44. 100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
wdodhu
, l K=q
06' Scatter Diagram- úisß; igyka
46. 100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
wdodhu
, l K=q
48. 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3
2.0 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.4
2.2 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.1
2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2
2.1 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.3
2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5
2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.3
2.2 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.6
53. BE……….
“ BE CREATIVE ”
“ BE INNOVATIVE ”
“ THINK DIFFERENT ”
“There is always better way ”
54. 5 Whys
• Ask Why Five Times
• wehs hkqfjka miajrla úuikak
55. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
56. Identification of problems for QC projects
•Gap of present situation & Targets
•P Q C D S M
•4 M (Man, Machine, Materials, Methods)
•3 MU - Mura (Eg Unbalance work)
- Muri (Eg Overburden)
- Muda ( 7 / 8 wastes)
•Benchmarking
57. Seven Wastes
• Transportation
• Inventory
• Motion
• Waiting
• Over production
• Over processing
• Defects
58. 1' md,kh l< fkdyels .eg¿
udkj iïm; ys`. lu
m%;smdok m%udKj;a fkdùu
hka;% iQ;% fkdue;s ùu
2' md,kh l< yels .eg¿
59. Start with silent think time
Freewheel – don’t hold back
NO CRITICISM of any idea
Build upon other ideas or suggestions
The more ideas, the better
Post ideas using post-it notes
60. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSfï wfõCIK m;
%h
P Q C D S M
Is Productivity a Problem ?
tu .eg¿j M,odhs;dj iïnkaO .eg¿jla o @
Is Quality a Problem ?
th ;;a;ajh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
Is Cost a Problem ?
th msßjeh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
Is Delivery a Problem ?
th fnod yeÍu iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
Is Safety a Problem ?
th ksrmo;djh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
Is Morale a Problem ?
th Ñ;a; ffO¾h iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
61. Is Productivity a Problem ?
tu .eg¿j M,odhs;dj iïnkaO .eg¿jla o @
• M,odhs;djh iïnkaO .eg¿
by< M,odhS fkdjk ld,h
oskloS ksIamdok m%udKh my, jeàu
fj<`o ksfhdað;fhl=g$wf,ú wkqmd;h
wvq ùu
62. Is Quality a Problem ?
th ;;a;ajh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
• .=Kd;aulNdjh iïnkaO .eg¿
by< wmf;a hEï wkqmd;h
by< fodI iys; nj
63. Is Cost a Problem ?
th msßjeh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
• msßjeh iïnkaO .eg¿
ld¾hd,Sh iemhqïj, by< jeh nr
ld¾hd,Sh fiajdj, ñ, .Kka by< hdu
64. Is Delivery a Problem ?
th fnod yeÍu iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
• fnod yeÍu iïnkaO .eg¿
fnod yeÍfïoS ksrka;rfhka isÿ jk m
%udo ùï
nexl=jl fiajd iemhSfï oS m%udoh
jd¾;d ,nd oSfï m%udoh
65. Is Safety a Problem ?
th ksrmo;djh iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
• ksrmo;dj iïnkaO .eg¿
by< yosis wk;=re
66. Is Morale a Problem ?
th Ñ;a; ffO¾h iïnkaO .eg¿jla o@
• Ñ;a; ffO¾h iïnkaO .eg¿
by, fiajl fkdmeñKSï
fiajh w;ayer hEï jeä ùu
67. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
68. ljh u.ska .eg¿jla$jHdmD;shla f;dard
.ekSu'
Selection of Projects/Problems
• m%drïNl wjia:dfùoS nqoaê l,ïNkh u.ska m
%;sld¾ñl$úi`ÿï fiúh hq;= m%Yak rdYshla y`ÿkd .kshs'
• tlu wjia:dfõ oS ish¿u .eg¿j,g ms<s;=re fiùu wmyiqh'
• m<uqj m%Yak tlla$folla f;dard .kshs' tu f;aÍu
idudðlhkaf.a talu;slj$nyq;r u;fhka ;SrKh l< yel'
• m%uqL;djh ;SrKh lsÍfïoS"
.eg¿fõ iajNdjh'
th we;s lrk n,mEu'
th we;s jk jdr .Kk'
b;d blauKska úi`oSfï jeo.;alu
69. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
71. .eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
Problem Analysis
• y÷kd.;a .eg¿j we;s ùug uq,a jQ fya;
+ka úuid ne,Su¡
• .eg¿ úYaf,aIKfha§ fuj,ï f,i fya;=M,
igyka ^Cause & Effect Diagram& 5 Whys,
5W1H,Scatter Diagram jeks l%ufõo
Ndú;d lsrSu¡
• uQ, fya;=j ^Root Cause& y÷kd .ekSu¡
72. 5.Cause & Effect Diagram(Ishikawa)
Man Machine Material
Method Measurement Environment
Effect
73. 05' fya;= M, igyk ^ Causes & Effect Diagram &
isiq úkh ie,iqï
iy.; f,i mj;ajd
fkd.ekSu
ld¾h
nyq, ùu
wjg we;s
ndOdldÍ
Yío
oekqj;alu
fkdue;s ùu
fjk;a m wvonr
%uqL;d
foudmshkaf.
a wjOdkh
wvqùu
74. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
75. úl,am úi÷ï ,nd .ekSu
Generation of Options
• ljfha idudcslhkaf.a nqoaê l,ïnkhla isÿ
lsrSfuka wod, .eg¿jg úiÿï ,nd .ekSu¡
• fuu woshf¾ os jvd;a újD;j woyia
úiÿï fhdackd ,nd .kshs¡
• iEu fhdackdjlgu iudk jákdlula ,nd oSu
fuu mshjf¾oS isÿ fõ¡
76. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
77. úl,am úi÷ï we.hSu^Evaluation of
Options&
• lj idudcslhkaf.a nqoaêl ,ïNkfhka ,enqKq úl,am úi÷ï
we.hSug ,la lrhs¡
• úi÷ï l%shd;aul lsrSug .;jk ld,h¡
• myiqfjka l%shd;aul l< yels ùu¡
• jeh jk m%d.aOkh¡
• wjYH ;dlaIKh ;sîu¡
• udkj iïm;, oekqu yd l=i,;d¡
hkd oS idOl ie,ls,a,g f.k ,enqKq úiÿï j¾.SlrKh lrhs¡
78. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
79. fhdackd l%shd;aul lsrSu
^Implementation of suggestions&
• f;dard.;a úl,am úiÿï l%shd;aul lrhs
• úiÿï l%shd;aul lsrSug fmr l%shd;aul
ie,eiaula ^Action Plan&idod .kshs¡
• úiÿï l%shd;aul lsrSug fmr l<uKdldrs;ajfha
wkque;sh wjYH fõ¡
Gannt Chart o iqÿiqh¡
80. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
81. jHdmD;sh we.hSu ^Project
Evaluation&
• f;dard .;a úiÿï l%shd;aul l< miq jHdmD;sfha
m%.;sh iudf,dapkh lrhs
• lj idudcslhka "fufyhqï lñgqj yd wdh;k m
%Odkshd m%.;s iudf,dpkhg yjq,aq fõ¡
• wvqmdvq y÷kdf.k ksjeros lr .kshs¡
82. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
83. iïu;lrkh / m%ñ;slrKh
^Standardization&
• l%shd;aul lrk ,o úiÿï m%dfhda.sl kï
tAjd iïu;lrKh l< yel¡
• ljfha idudcslhka mukla fkdj ish¿u
fokdu tu m%ñ;Ska ms<smeoSug
lghq;= lrhs¡
84. .eg¿ y`ÿkd .ekSu
.eg¿j m%uqL;dlrKh
.eg¿j úYaf,aIKh
úl,am úi`ÿï ckkh
úl,am úi`ÿï we.hSu
jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu
jHdmD;sh
we.hSu
iïu;lrKh
iaj-we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Plan
Do
Check
Action
85. iaj we.hSu yd wkd.; ie,iqï
Self Evaluation and ^Future Plans&
• lj idudcslhka tlareia ù ;u jHdmD;sfha m
%.;sh ms<sn|j iajhx we.hSul ksr; ùu¡
• wkd.; l<hq;= ;j;a jeä oshqKq ùï y÷kd
.ekSu¡
• wdh;ksl oshqKqj Wfoid l<hq;= kj
jHdmD;Ska y÷kd .ekSu¡