5. ~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
-Ribosomes
6. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
-Ribosomes
7. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
8. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
RNA
Polymerase
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
9. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
RNA
Polymerase
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
10. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
RNA
Polymerase
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
11. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
RNA
Polymerase
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
12. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
13. Nucleus
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
DNA
Molecule
-Ribosomes
14. Nucleus
mRNA Strand
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
-Ribosomes
15. Nucleus
mRNA Strand
~~~~~~~~~T A C T T A G C G T A G A T T~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~A T G A A T C G C A T C T A A~~~~~~~~~~
-Ribosomes
49. Protein synthesis begins with transcription inside the nucleus. During
transcription RNA polymerase binds to the DNA molecule at the promoter region
and copies the coding region. RNA polymerase makes a single stranded mRNA copy
of the DNA. RNA polymerase then stops copying at the terminating sequence and
the mRNA strand makes it way out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore. Now in the
cytoplasm, the mRNA strand binds with a ribosome. The ribosomes start reading the
mRNA strand at the start codon. The ribosome brings in the correct anti-codon on a
tRNA molecule which carries the certain amino acids which the codon coded for. The
ribosome then brings in the rest of the tRNA. Between the tRNA molecules the
amino acids form a peptide bond between each other. The tRNA then falls
off, leaving the amino acid with the one which it bonded with. When the ribosomes
has made it through all the codons it will reach the end codon. The end codon tells
the ribosome to stop bringing in tRNA molecules. The polypeptide left behind now
folds up into it’s tertiary form as a protein and goes on to do its function in the cell.
