Personality

PERSONALITY

TEAM MEMBERS
Neelam Darji 9112
Animesh Dubey 9114
Premal Gangar 9116
Harshal Ghanekar 9118
Vinod Gupta 9120

What is Personality?
The overall profile or combination of characteristics that capture the unique nature of a person as that person reacts and interacts with others.
Combines a set of physical and mental characteristics that reflect how a person looks, thinks, acts, and feels.
Predictable relationships are expected between people’s personalities and their behaviors.

Nature of Personality
Personality refers to the set of traits & behaviors that
characterize an individual.
It refers to the relatively stable pattern of behavior &
consistent internal state & explains an individual’s
behavioral tendencies.
Personality has both internal (thoughts, values & genetic
characteristics that is inferred from observable behaviors)
& external (observable behaviors) elements.
Personality of an individual is relatively stable in nature.
Personality is both inherited as well as it can be shaped
by the environment.

Importance of Personality in OB
Law of Behavior: “People are different”
To ensure high performing employees in an
organization.
To manage workforce diversity.
Summarizing person’s behaviors & attitudes in
relation to a wide range of events.
Personality consists of characteristics or traits that
describe how people are likely to behave in a given
situation.

Importance of Personality in OB
Personality is useful in predicting & understanding
the general feelings, thoughts and behaviors of
individuals at the workplace.
Contribution of various personality theories.

Personality Determinants
Determinants of
Personality
Heredity
Environment
Nature: It advocates that
Part of personality finds its
Origins in biology (heredity)
Nature: It advocates that
Part of personality finds its
Origins in biology (heredity)
Situational

Heredity and environment
Heredity sets the limits on the development of personality characteristics.
Environment determines development within these limits.
About a 50-50 heredity-environment split.
Cultural values and norms play a substantial role in the development of personality.
Social factors include family life, religion, and many kinds of formal and informal groups.
Situational factors reflect the opportunities or constraints imposed by the operational context.

Personality Traits
Enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
The Big Five Model

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types.
Personality Types
Extroverted vs. Introverted (E or I)
Sensing vs. Intuitive (S or N)
Thinking vs. Feeling (T or F)
Judging vs. Perceiving (P or J)

Extroverted vs. Introverted
Extroverted individuals are outgoing, sociable, and assertive. Introverts are quiet and shy.
Sensitive vs. Intuitive
Sensing types are practical and prefer routine and order. They focus on details. Intuitive rely on unconscious processes and look at the “big picture”.
Thinking vs. Feeling
Thinking types uses reason and logic to handle problems. Feelings types rely on their personal values and emotions.
Judging vs. Perceiving
Judging types want control, and prefer their world to be ordered and structured. Perceiving types are flexible and spontaneous.

Myers-Briggs Sixteen Primary Traits

The Big Five Model

4–13
Personality Structure (The “Big Five” Traits)
Dimension
Characteristics of a person
Scoring +vely on the dimension
Extroversion
Outgoing, Talkative, Sociable,
Assertive
Agreeableness
Trusting, good natured,
Cooperative, softhearted
Dependable, responsible,
Achievement-oriented
Conscientiousness
Emotional Stability
Relaxed, Secure, Unworried
Sensitive, Intellectual,
Imaginative, Broadminded
Openness to
Experience

Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Achievement orientation
Authoritative
Self Esteem
Personality Traits
Locus of
Control
Risk taking
Machiavellianism
Self-Monitoring
Introverts/
Extroverts
Type A & B

Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Locus of Control
The degree to which people believe they are masters of their own fate.
InternalsIndividuals who believe that they control what happens to them.
ExternalsIndividuals who believe that what happens to them is controlled by outside forces such as luck or chance.

Machiavellianism
Degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends justify means.
“If it works, use it” is consistent with a high-Mach perspective.
Conditions Favoring High Machs
Direct interaction
Minimal rules and regulations
Distracting emotions

Machiavellianism
People with a high-Machiavellian personality:
-- Approach situations logically and thoughtfully.
-- Are capable of lying to achieve personal goals.
-- Are rarely swayed by loyalty, friendships, past
promises, or others’ opinions.
-- Are skilled at influencing others.
-- Try to exploit loosely structured situations.
-- Perform in a perfunctory or detached manner in
highly structured situations.

Machiavellianism
People with a low-Machiavellianpersonality:
-- Accept direction imposed by others in loosely
structured situations.
-- Work hard to do well in highly structured
situations.
-- Are strongly guided by ethical considerations.
-- Are unlikely to lie or cheat.

Self-Esteem and Self-Monitoring
Self-Esteem (SE)
Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking themselves.
Self-Monitoring
A personality trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.

Risk-Taking
High Risk-taking Managers
Make quicker decisions
Use less information to make decisions
Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial organizations
Low Risk-taking Managers
Are slower to make decisions
Require more information before making decisions
Exist in larger organizations with stable environments

Personality Types

Personality Types
Type A’s
are always moving, walking, and eating rapidly;
feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place;
strive to think or do two or more things at once;
cannot cope with leisure time;
are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire.
Type B’s
never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience;
feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments;
play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority at any cost;
can relax without guilt.

Personality Types
Proactive Personality
Identifies opportunities, shows initiative, takes action, and perseveres until meaningful change occurs.
Creates positive change in the environment, regardless or even in spite of constraints or obstacles.

Achieving Person-Job Fit
Personality-Job Fit Theory (Holland)
Identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover.
Personality Types
Realistic
Investigative
Social
Conventional
Enterprising
Artistic
Person-Organization Fit

Holland’s Typology of PersonalityandCongruent Occupations

Relationships among Occupational Personality Types
4–26

THANK YOU

Personality

by premalgangar on Dec 08, 2009

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