Model Driven Architecture “The Architecture of choice for a changing world” Preetam Palwe Aftek Limited

Preetam Palwe

Aftek Limited

Roadmap Need for MDA What is MDA How MDA works Tools and Specifications Advantages Concerns Road ahead

Need for MDA

What is MDA

How MDA works

Tools and Specifications

Advantages

Concerns

Road ahead

Satisfaction with IT projects remains low? New apps or changes to existing apps are delivered in time frame needed? New apps or changes to existing apps are delivered at expected quality levels? What say you ? Strongly agree Disagree Somewhat disagree Somewhat agree Agree Strongly agree

New apps or changes to existing apps are delivered in time frame needed?

New apps or changes to existing apps are delivered at expected quality levels?

What say you ?

Strongly agree

Disagree

Somewhat disagree

Somewhat agree

Agree

Strongly agree

Are we on same pitch?

Requirements gathering is a root cause 40%-55% errors found in QA are actually requirements issues Up to 70% of rework is caused by bad requirements

40%-55% errors found in QA are actually requirements issues

Up to 70% of rework is caused by bad requirements

Limitations of traditional solutions Requirements management tools: Describe “what” not “how” — requirements are not specifications Useful for managing and tracing requirements, not gathering them UML models: Too abstract for business users Can create a false sense of agreement Mockups — Visio/PPT: Can be high fidelity, but don’t allow users to interact Coded prototypes: Expensive and time-consuming to build Require high technical skills Risk preempting technology decisions

Requirements management tools:

Describe “what” not “how” — requirements are not specifications

Useful for managing and tracing requirements, not gathering them

UML models:

Too abstract for business users

Can create a false sense of agreement

Mockups — Visio/PPT:

Can be high fidelity, but don’t allow users to interact

Coded prototypes:

Expensive and time-consuming to build

Require high technical skills

Risk preempting technology decisions

Understanding requirements is hard!

Can MDA help? What is MDA? Specification by Object Management Group (OMG) Open and vendor neutral software design approach to challenge of business and technology change Based on various standards like UML, MOF, XMI, CWM Enforce portability, interoperability and adaptively of systems Automatic transformations using tools

What is MDA?

Specification by Object Management Group (OMG)

Open and vendor neutral software design approach to challenge of business and technology change

Based on various standards like UML, MOF, XMI, CWM

Enforce portability, interoperability and adaptively of systems

Automatic transformations using tools

How it works? Forward engineering approach

Forward engineering approach

How it works? (cont.)

Are there any tools for this? QVT standard (Queries/Views/Transformations ) Model to Model transformation No Model to Text and Text to Model transformation Types of tools Creational Analysis Transformation Composition Test Simulation Metadata management Reverse engineering Implementations IBM-Rational RAD Eclipse EMF Microsoft DSL tools (?)

QVT standard (Queries/Views/Transformations )

Model to Model transformation

No Model to Text and Text to Model transformation

Types of tools

Creational

Analysis

Transformation

Composition

Test

Simulation

Metadata management

Reverse engineering

Implementations

IBM-Rational RAD

Eclipse EMF

Microsoft DSL tools (?)

Key requirements Portable PIM independent of business and technology specifications Interoperable Defining, managing, publishing and sharing metadata Adaptive Adaptive Object Model (AOM) Runtime interpretation of model

Portable

PIM independent of business and technology specifications

Interoperable

Defining, managing, publishing and sharing metadata

Adaptive

Adaptive Object Model (AOM)

Runtime interpretation of model

Different standards satisfying requirements UML (Unified Modeling Language) Based on MOF, provides visual artifacts to model systems UML compliance not required MOF (Meta-Object Facility) Common, abstract language for modeling models MetaModel for compliance and transformations Define rules for mapping MOF MetaModel to platform independent interfaces XMI (XML Metadata Interchange) Translate MOF MetaModel to XML representation CWM (Common Warehouse MetaModel) Model data space (data mining across databases) and not application space like UML

UML (Unified Modeling Language)

Based on MOF, provides visual artifacts to model systems

UML compliance not required

MOF (Meta-Object Facility)

Common, abstract language for modeling models

MetaModel for compliance and transformations

Define rules for mapping MOF MetaModel to platform independent interfaces

XMI (XML Metadata Interchange)

Translate MOF MetaModel to XML representation

CWM (Common Warehouse MetaModel)

Model data space (data mining across databases) and not application space like UML

Advantages Platform independence by modeling specifications independent of technology Cost reduction throughout application life cycle by virtually eliminating re-work Reduced development time for new applications Rapid inclusion of emerging technology benefits into existing systems Software prototyping (e.g. AppWeaver)

Platform independence by modeling specifications independent of technology

Cost reduction throughout application life cycle by virtually eliminating re-work

Reduced development time for new applications

Rapid inclusion of emerging technology benefits into existing systems

Software prototyping (e.g. AppWeaver)

Concerns? Incomplete standards E.g. xtUML, QVT Vendor lock in Idealistic OMG track record E.g. CORBA J2EE specific E.g. UML class and C# properties Document incompatibility E.g. XMI and MOF version incompatibility questions its model serialization approach Does not support software product lines

Incomplete standards

E.g. xtUML, QVT

Vendor lock in

Idealistic

OMG track record

E.g. CORBA

J2EE specific

E.g. UML class and C# properties

Document incompatibility

E.g. XMI and MOF version incompatibility questions its model serialization approach

Does not support software product lines

Solution Domain Specific Languages Approach by Microsoft Called as Domain Specific Development because modeling language can only clearly define the problem domain UML as a diagramming tool with domain specific extensions if needed Domain specific schemas to represent model Models are essentially creating configuration code for the framework, patterns One of the pillars of software factory approach by Microsoft

Domain Specific Languages

Approach by Microsoft

Called as Domain Specific Development because modeling language can only clearly define the problem domain

UML as a diagramming tool with domain specific extensions if needed

Domain specific schemas to represent model

Models are essentially creating configuration code for the framework, patterns

One of the pillars of software factory approach by Microsoft

What's in store for us? Visual studio DSL for defining / modeling DSL for attendance domain. Model driven rule engine for CARS? Config Utility of DHG2.0. Is this a DSL for Home Automation? Metadata sharing by various DVGs / Devices. Adaptive Object Modeling? uPnP?

Visual studio DSL for defining / modeling DSL for attendance domain.

Model driven rule engine for CARS?

Config Utility of DHG2.0. Is this a DSL for Home Automation?

Metadata sharing by various DVGs / Devices. Adaptive Object Modeling? uPnP?

Thank You ! Note: This presentation was made purely for educational purpose and the data used to prepare this is taken from various resources available on internet.

Thank You !

Note: This presentation was made purely for educational purpose and the data used to prepare this is taken from various resources available on internet.