PostgreSQL: meet your queue

PostgreSQL: meet your Queue / Presentation / Theo Schlossnagle 1

PostgreSQL is Awesome • Fast. • Extensible. • Tablespaces. • Robust data types. • Partitioning (albeit fake). • Partial and functional indexes. • Extremely supportive community. • Extremely compliant with database standards. 2

PostgreSQL is not the “world” • Inevitably, we must interact with the rest of the world. • “non-SQL” components: • nosql systems • caching systems • search systems (solr/lucene) • management processes 3

Appropiare Typicalis • Enforce in the application: • the application code that updates the price or description of a product in the products table; • the application submits the updates to the search index system. • The flaw: • psql# UPDATE products SET description = REPLACE(description, ‘behaviour’, ‘behavior’); • Administrative fixes like that require out-of-band dependency handling. 4

A Solution • Ideally, the database would notify all of these systems. • The most common case I see: memcached. • app: pull from memcached user::jesus@omniti.com if not found: select * from users where email=‘jesus@omniti.com‘ put row in memcached at user::jesus@omniti.com • app: update users set mood=‘happy‘ where email=‘jesus@omniti.com‘ (a) purge memcached record (b) get full row and replace in memcached • hence: pgmemcache • Problem: • need a Postgres module for each remote component 5

Enter Queueing • Queueing? • A generic message bus that allows PostgreSQL to communicate with other components in the architecture. • Enter AMQP: “Advanced Message Queueing Protocol” • Why not STOMP? • Why not Starling? • AMQP has been around the block, and the specification is quite complete. • Almost every “real” message broker implementation supports AMQP 6

Setups: Installing • svn export https://labs.omniti.com/pgtreats/trunk/contrib/pg_amqp • cd pg_amqp • make USE_PGXS=1 • make install • add to postgresql.conf: shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_amqp.so' • (re)start postgres • load the pg_amqp.sql file into your database. 7

Setup: configuring your broker INSERT INTO amqp.broker (host,port,vhost,username,password) VALUES (‘localhost’,5672,NULL,‘guest’,‘guest’) RETURNING broker_id 8

Setup: declaring an exchange • This can often be done outside of the AMQP client • using an AMQP management process (that is just, in fact, an AMQP client) • Often, another component has already created the exchange. • If you really need to do it within PostgreSQL: SELECT amqp.declare_exchange(broker_id, exchange_name, exchange_type, passive, durable, auto_delete) 9

Usage: sending messages • How do I connect? • It’s implicit... you don’t need to. • How do I disconnect? • Broker connections are cached and live across transactions. • If you want to explicitly disconnect: SELECT amqp.disconnect(broker_id); 10

Usage: sending messages for real • Sending messages as a part of my transaction: SELECT amqp.publish(broker_id, exchange, routing_key, message); • This will publish the “message” over the specified “exchange” using the specified “routing_key,” but only on transaction commit within Postgres. • Sending messages NOW: SELECT amqp.autonomous_publish(broker_id, exchange, routing_key, message); • Publish the same message, but do it immediately. 11

A dark side: unsafe? WTF? • Currently, pg_amqp uses the AMQP 0.8 specification. • The AMQP 1.0 specification introduces formal 2PC. • It is possible in the current implementation to have AMQP transaction fail when we commit it (in postgres’s commit txn hook) in a fashion that we cannot act on. Ouch. • This only happens when the AMQP broker crashes between the last in-transaction publish call and the COMMIT on the database side. • Once RabbitMQ supports AMQP 1.0, I’ll update the driver to use 2PC. 12

Thank you for listening. https://labs.omniti.com/pgtreats/trunk/contrib/pg_amqp/ / Presentation 13

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PostgreSQL: meet your queue

by Theo Schlossnagle

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PostgreSQL: meet your queue Presentation Transcript