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Fonts d’energia




Tecno.
Definició

• Les fonts d'energia són elaboracions
  naturals més o menys complexes de les
  que l'ésser humà pot extreure energia
  per realitzar un determinat treball o
  obtenir alguna utilitat.
Classificació
• Segons la seva naturalesa:

-Primàries: es troben a la natura
(llenya, carbó, aigua, etc.)

-Secundaries: s’obtenen a partir de les fons
primàries (electricitat, benzina, etc.)
Classificació
En funció de les reserves disponibles:

-Renovables: reserves il·limitades, gràcies a que
es generen continuament. (Ex: energia solar,
eòlica, hidràulica, etc.)

-No renovables: reserves limitades. (Ex: petroli,
gas natural, carbó , etc.)
Classificació
• Segons el grau d’utilització:

-Convencionals: les quals produeixen la major
part d’energia mundial (petroli, gas natural, …)

-No convencionals: les quals produeixen una
quantitat reduïda d’energia per a la societat
(solar, eòlica, …)
Treball tecnologia leo garcía 1r batxi
Consum energètic mundial
Les energies més utilitzades
actualment són el petroli
(38% de producció d’energia
mundial), el carbó (26%), el
gas (23%) , hidroelèctrica
(6%), nuclear (6%) i energia
solar, geotèrmica, eòlica i
fusta (1%)

Conclusió: les energies no
renovables són les que més
s’utilitzen per la producció
d’energia.
Consum energètic a España
                                Fuente     Producció                 Producció
La energia més utilitzada en      de        n 2008       2008 %       n 2009       2009 %
                                                                                               2009/200
                                                                                                  8
españa ha estat la nuclear      energía      (ktep)                    (ktep)

amb un 49,9% (2008) i la        Carbón     4.374       14,2         3.778        12,6         -13,6
                                Petróleo   127         0,4          107          0,4          -15,7
menys utilitzada en aquest      Gas
                                           14          0,0          12           0,0          -14,3
cas el gas natural amb un       natural
0,0% (2008-2009)                Nuclear    15.368      49,9         13.750       45,9         -10,5
                                Hidráuli
                                           2.004       6,5          2.258        7,5          12,7
                                ca
                                Otras
Conclusió: podem observar       energías
                                           8.938       29,0         10.067       33,6         12,6
a la taula que entre l’any      renovab
                                les
2008 i 2009 les energies
                                Total
renovables s’han reduït i que   energías
                                         10.942        35,5         12.325       41,1         12,6
                                renovabl
les energies renovables han     es
pujat la seva productivitat.    Total      30.824      100,0        29.971       100,0        -2,8
                                Fuente: Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio (La energía en España
                                                                  2009) 3
Treball tecnologia leo garcía 1r batxi

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Treball tecnologia leo garcía 1r batxi

  • 2. Definició • Les fonts d'energia són elaboracions naturals més o menys complexes de les que l'ésser humà pot extreure energia per realitzar un determinat treball o obtenir alguna utilitat.
  • 3. Classificació • Segons la seva naturalesa: -Primàries: es troben a la natura (llenya, carbó, aigua, etc.) -Secundaries: s’obtenen a partir de les fons primàries (electricitat, benzina, etc.)
  • 4. Classificació En funció de les reserves disponibles: -Renovables: reserves il·limitades, gràcies a que es generen continuament. (Ex: energia solar, eòlica, hidràulica, etc.) -No renovables: reserves limitades. (Ex: petroli, gas natural, carbó , etc.)
  • 5. Classificació • Segons el grau d’utilització: -Convencionals: les quals produeixen la major part d’energia mundial (petroli, gas natural, …) -No convencionals: les quals produeixen una quantitat reduïda d’energia per a la societat (solar, eòlica, …)
  • 7. Consum energètic mundial Les energies més utilitzades actualment són el petroli (38% de producció d’energia mundial), el carbó (26%), el gas (23%) , hidroelèctrica (6%), nuclear (6%) i energia solar, geotèrmica, eòlica i fusta (1%) Conclusió: les energies no renovables són les que més s’utilitzen per la producció d’energia.
  • 8. Consum energètic a España Fuente Producció Producció La energia més utilitzada en de n 2008 2008 % n 2009 2009 % 2009/200 8 españa ha estat la nuclear energía (ktep) (ktep) amb un 49,9% (2008) i la Carbón 4.374 14,2 3.778 12,6 -13,6 Petróleo 127 0,4 107 0,4 -15,7 menys utilitzada en aquest Gas 14 0,0 12 0,0 -14,3 cas el gas natural amb un natural 0,0% (2008-2009) Nuclear 15.368 49,9 13.750 45,9 -10,5 Hidráuli 2.004 6,5 2.258 7,5 12,7 ca Otras Conclusió: podem observar energías 8.938 29,0 10.067 33,6 12,6 a la taula que entre l’any renovab les 2008 i 2009 les energies Total renovables s’han reduït i que energías 10.942 35,5 12.325 41,1 12,6 renovabl les energies renovables han es pujat la seva productivitat. Total 30.824 100,0 29.971 100,0 -2,8 Fuente: Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio (La energía en España 2009) 3