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On The Origin of Digital Species	


 Digital Naturalism	

       Benjamin	
  Joffe|	
  CEO,	
  +8*	
  	
  
          NUS	
  ISS|	
  2011.10	
  
Introduc:on	
  
Hi!	
  




@benjaminjoffe	
  
10	
  years	
  in	
  Asia’s	
  Digital	
  Space	
  




4	
  years	
             1	
  year	
             5	
  years	
  
Best	
  PracDces	
  from	
  Asia	
  
100+	
  Keynotes	
  in	
  17	
  Countries	
  
Advisor	
  to	
  Startup	
  Incubators	
  
Investor	
  in	
  Global	
  Startups	
  in	
  Asia	
  
Since	
  2011	
  




Samaritan Projects
Quiz	
  
When	
  was	
  it	
  invented?	
  
Europe	
  
Gutenberg	
  |	
  1450	
  

     Korea	
  
   Metal	
  |	
  1230	
  

     China	
  
  Wooden	
  |	
  1040	
  
What	
  does	
  it	
  tell	
  us?	
  


1.  	
  Things	
  can	
  be	
  “invented”	
  more	
  than	
  once	
  

2.  	
  Ideas	
  have	
  no	
  na:onality	
  


3.  	
  Time	
  gap	
  can	
  be	
  bridged	
  
Imagine!	
  
Digital	
  Naturalism	
  
On the Origins of Digital Species
On the Origins of Digital Species
On the Origins of Digital Species
Naturalism?	
  


•  Observing	
  local	
  species	
  

•  Analyzing	
  ecosystems	
  

•  Finding	
  new	
  species!	
  
Digital	
  species	
  are	
  IDEAS	
  




       Ideas	
  used	
  to	
  come	
  from	
  Muses	
  
Understanding	
  Digital	
  Species	
  

 DRIFTED	
        YES	
      ONLY	
  ONE	
     YES	
  
                                                         NATIVE	
  
NATURALLY?	
                LOCATION?	
  

 NO	
                        NO	
  


INTRODUCED	
                INDIGENOUS	
  




                  YES	
  
WIDESPREAD?	
                 INVASIVE	
  
Understanding	
  Digital	
  Species	
  

                                     NATIVE	
  




INTRODUCED	
      INDIGENOUS	
  




                   INVASIVE	
  
Copy	
  is	
  the	
  “natural	
  dri^”	
  
Quiz	
  




What	
  Fosters	
  Digital	
  MutaDons?	
  
5C’s	
  of	
  InnovaDon™	
  


                1.    Copy	
  
                2.    CompeDDon	
  
                3.    Constraints	
  
                4.    CombinaDon	
  
                5.    Context	
  
China’s	
  Internet	
  
China’s	
  Internet	
  in	
  the	
  Western	
  Mind	
  


                                                        Censorship	
  
                                                                                   AcDvists	
  
                                                485m	
  users	
  
                                                                   Cyber-­‐Abacks	
  
                                                       Internet	
  Stocks	
  
Source:	
  Top	
  Google	
  News	
  on	
  “China	
  Internet”,	
  2011.08.16	
  
What	
  is	
  missing?	
  


  InnovaDon	
  
                              Users	
  
New	
  concepts	
  

                      Startups	
  
#1	
  Challenge:	
  Preconcep:ons	
  




China	
     InnovaDon	
       Success	
  
Quick	
  Look	
  at	
  Ecosystems	
  

                    USA	
  

•    Large	
  populaDon	
  
•    High	
  GDP/capita	
  
•    Experienced	
  entrepreneurs	
  
•    High	
  development	
  costs	
  
•    Vast	
  investments	
  resources	
  
•    Clear	
  regulaDons	
  


         RICH	
  ECOSYSTEM	
  
Quick	
  Look	
  at	
  Ecosystems	
  

                                   CHINA	
  

                   •    Very	
  large	
  populaDon	
  
                   •    Low	
  GDP/capita	
  
                   •    Inexperienced	
  entrepreneurs	
  
                   •    Low	
  development	
  costs	
  
                   •    Popular	
  investment	
  spot	
  
                   •    “In-­‐progress”	
  regulaDons	
  


                               TOUGH	
  ECOSYSTEM	
  
CompeDDon?	
  

Service	
         No.	
               Local	
  Services	
  
                            Tencent	
  (QZone,	
  Pengyou)	
  
Facebook	
          5	
  
                            Renren	
  (IPO),	
  Kaixin001,	
  51.com	
  
                            1G:	
  (dead)	
  
 Twiber	
           3	
  
                            2G:	
  Sina	
  (IPO),	
  QQ,	
  Sohu	
  (IPO)	
  
                            1G:	
  Wealink,	
  Tianji	
  
LinkedIn	
          4	
  
                            2G:	
  Ushi,	
  Hengzhi	
  
YouTube	
           3	
     Youku	
  (IPO),	
  Tudou	
  (IPO),	
  QQ	
  
  Yahoo	
           3	
     Sina,	
  Sohu,	
  QQ	
  
Groupon	
        1,000+	
   Lashou,	
  Taobao,	
  Meituan,	
  etc.	
  
TENCENT	
  
      Endemic	
  	
  
(Galapagos	
  Penguin)	
  
On the Origins of Digital Species
Tencent	
  &	
  QQ	
  


•  1998:	
  Chinese	
  “ICQ”	
  

•  Survival:	
  Virtual	
  goods	
  in	
  
   Avatars,	
  Games	
  (Korea)	
  

•  Today:	
  social	
  networks,	
  
   microblog,	
  e-­‐commerce,	
  
   search,	
  internaDonal…	
  
Tencent	
  Usage	
  

•  IM	
  acDve	
  accounts 	
   	
  700	
  mln	
  	
  

•  Qzone	
  SNS 	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  530	
  mln	
  

•  Pengyou	
  SNS 	
   	
   	
   	
  130	
  mln	
  

•  Microblog 	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  230	
  mln	
  
Tencent	
  Results	
  (1H2011)	
  

•  Revenue	
   	
  2	
  bln	
  USD	
  
    –  More	
  than	
  Facebook!	
  
    –  Games	
   	
   	
   	
  55%	
  
    –  Ads	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  8%	
  


•  Net	
  profit 	
   	
   	
  42%	
  

•  Paying	
  users 	
   	
  11%	
  

      Photo:	
  Tencent’s	
  new	
  Headquarters	
  in	
  Shenzhen	
  
JIAYUAN	
  
       Endemic	
  	
  
(flightless	
  cormorant)	
  
Jiayuan	
  |	
  #1	
  Matchmaking	
  site	
  
•  40	
  mln	
  members	
  	
     •  Revenue	
  18	
  MEUR	
  (loss)	
  
•  5	
  mln	
  acDve	
            •  IPO	
  in	
  May	
  2011	
  (“DATE”)	
  
Jiayuan	
  |	
  #1	
  Matchmaking	
  site	
  


                     •  Starving	
  with	
  ads	
  

                     •  100’s	
  of	
  events	
  

                     •  Sells	
  “stamps”	
  (0.4	
  SGD)	
  
                         –  Either	
  sender	
  or	
  
                            recipient	
  must	
  buy	
  it	
  
ZHENAI	
  
     Endemic	
  
(Lonesome	
  George)	
  
Zhenai	
  |	
  #2	
  Matchmaking	
  site	
  
Zhenai	
  |	
  #2	
  Matchmaking	
  site	
  

                            •  28M	
  members	
  

                            •  VIP	
  service	
  

                            •  “Dates	
  manager”	
  

                            •  Feedback	
  channel	
  

                            •  600	
  SGD/6	
  months	
  
VANCL	
  
      Endemic	
  
(swallow-­‐tailed	
  gull)	
  
Vancl	
  |	
  #1	
  Online	
  Apparel	
  Store	
  
•  Original	
  brand	
  “Vancl”	
          •  “Online-­‐to-­‐Offline”	
  (O2O)	
  
•  Started	
  as	
  online	
  shirts	
     •  200	
  MUSD	
  in	
  2010	
  
•  Expanded	
  to	
  apparel	
             •  $5	
  bln	
  ValuaDon	
  
Vancl	
  |	
  #1	
  Online	
  Apparel	
  Store	
  
•  “Vancl	
  Stars”	
  show	
  their	
  styling	
  ideas	
  
•  10%	
  commission	
  on	
  sales	
  from	
  personal	
  page	
  
ONLINE	
  GAMES	
  
Indigenous	
  &	
  Invasive	
  
   (marine	
  iguana)	
  
>10	
  Online	
  Game	
  Giants!	
  

•  No	
  game	
  so^ware	
  market	
  (piracy)	
  

•  InspiraDon	
  from	
  Korea	
  (virtual	
  goods)	
  

•  All	
  online!	
  

•  Online	
  games	
  =	
  $5bln	
  vs.	
  $2bln	
  in	
  USA	
  
Market	
  Cap	
  
        $53.5B	
  


8	
  
                                                                                                                                                          Unit:	
  billion	
  US$	
  
7	
  
                                    6.2	
  
6	
  
                                                                                                                                                                                  5	
  
5	
                                               4.5	
  
4	
  
3	
                    2.4	
  
2	
                                                                            1.7	
          1.7	
  
                                                               1.1	
  
1	
                                                                                                          0.764	
  
                                                                                                                             0.29	
   0.1	
   0.165	
  
0	
  
         Tencent	
     Shanda	
     Shanda	
     Netease	
     Perfect	
     Changyou	
        Giant	
        Kingso^	
     NetDragon	
         CDC	
           The9	
         Renren	
  
                        Game	
                                 World	
                      InteracDve	
  



                                                                                                                               Source:	
  Companies,	
  2011.04	
  except	
  Renren,	
  2011.05	
  
Who’s	
  ahead?	
  
Indigenous	
  &	
  Invasive	
  
SHANZHAI	
  (“Bandit”)	
  
    (Lava	
  Cactus)	
  
Apple	
  Store	
  in	
  Kumming	
  
Apple	
  Store	
  in	
  Kumming	
  



•  Real	
  products!	
  

•  Customer	
  service	
  

•  (Some)	
  staff	
  think	
  it’s	
  an	
  official	
  store!	
  
Awareness	
  Test	
  
PHOTO:	
  MOBILE	
  PHONE,	
  BEIJING,	
  APRIL	
  2010	
  
©	
  Benjamin	
  Joffe	
  /	
  Plus	
  Eight	
  Star	
  Ltd.	
  
PHOTO:	
  MOBILE	
  PHONE,	
  BEIJING,	
  APRIL	
  2010	
  
©	
  Benjamin	
  Joffe	
  /	
  Plus	
  Eight	
  Star	
  Ltd.	
  
Did	
  you	
  noDce	
  that?	
  




PHOTO:	
  MOBILE	
  PHONE,	
  BEIJING,	
  APRIL	
  2010	
  
©	
  Benjamin	
  Joffe	
  /	
  Plus	
  Eight	
  Star	
  Ltd.	
  
This	
  is	
  a	
  “FarmVille”	
  bu0on	
  




                                                                     There	
  is	
  a	
  link	
  to	
  
                                                                   check	
  your	
  QQ	
  Farm	
  




PHOTO:	
  MOBILE	
  PHONE,	
  BEIJING,	
  APRIL	
  2010	
  
©	
  Benjamin	
  Joffe	
  /	
  Plus	
  Eight	
  Star	
  Ltd.	
  
QQ	
  Farm	
  
The	
  First	
  Social	
  Farm	
  Game	
  was	
  made	
  in	
  China!	
  
“Shanzhai”	
  Phones:	
  Mass	
  CustomizaDon	
  



•  4F’s	
  of	
  Shanzhai™	
  
    –  Fun	
  
    –  Flashy	
  
    –  Fast	
  
    –  (almost)	
  Free!	
  
“Invasive”	
  CommodiDzaDon?	
  

   World’s	
  Fastest	
  
 Android	
  CPU	
  (1.5G)	
  

    by	
  Xiaomi	
  Tech	
  
       (220	
  EUR)	
  
“Invasive”	
  CommodiDzaDon?	
  




                        HaiPad	
  

           Android	
  2.2,	
  Dual	
  camera	
  
             by	
  Haier	
  (100	
  EUR)	
  
“Invasive”	
  CommodiDzaDon?	
  




          World’s	
  First	
  Android	
  3.2	
  Tablet	
  
                        by	
  Huawei	
  
Introduced	
  Species	
  
(cute	
  puppies	
  or	
  voracious	
  goats?)	
  
ALL	
  successful	
  ones	
  mutated	
  

•  Yahoo! 	
   	
  Invested	
  in	
  Alibaba	
  (40%)	
  

•  Google 	
   	
  Failed	
  

•  Android 	
   	
  Free!	
  

•  Angry	
  Birds	
  
Groupon	
  War	
  

•  Hundreds	
  of	
  players	
  

•  Single	
  digit	
  margins	
  

•  No	
  clear	
  leader	
  

•  $110m	
  funding	
  for	
  Lashou	
  

•  Hard	
  Dme	
  for	
  Groupon	
  US	
  
Cmune	
  
(new	
  hybrid)	
  
UberStrike	
  by	
  Cmune	
  




Top	
  3D	
  Game	
  on	
  Facebook,	
  made	
  from	
  China!	
  
#1	
  in	
  Singapore	
  on	
  Mac	
  OS	
  >	
  FREE	
  Today!	
  
Final	
  Quiz!	
  


•  5C’s	
  of	
  InnovaDon	
            •  4F’s	
  of	
  Shanzhai	
  
    –  C…	
                                 –  F…	
  
    –  C…	
                                 –  F…	
  
    –  C…	
                                 –  F…	
  
    –  C…	
                                 –  F…	
  
    –  C…	
  
The	
  Future	
  of	
  Digital	
  Species	
  


•  Study	
  Ecosystems	
  

•  Discover	
  new	
  species	
  

•  Evolve	
  

•  Thrive!	
  


                 Cream-­‐coloured	
  Giant	
  Squirrel	
  (Indigenous	
  to	
  Singapore)	
  
Tack	
  så	
  Thanks!	
  
                            mycket!	
  
                          @benjaminjoffe	
  
                    	
  	
  


          	
  	
  benjamin@plus8star.com	
  
	
  	
  www.slideshare.net/plus8star	
  

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On the Origins of Digital Species

  • 1. On The Origin of Digital Species Digital Naturalism Benjamin  Joffe|  CEO,  +8*     NUS  ISS|  2011.10  
  • 4. 10  years  in  Asia’s  Digital  Space   4  years   1  year   5  years  
  • 6. 100+  Keynotes  in  17  Countries  
  • 7. Advisor  to  Startup  Incubators  
  • 8. Investor  in  Global  Startups  in  Asia  
  • 11. When  was  it  invented?  
  • 12. Europe   Gutenberg  |  1450   Korea   Metal  |  1230   China   Wooden  |  1040  
  • 13. What  does  it  tell  us?   1.   Things  can  be  “invented”  more  than  once   2.   Ideas  have  no  na:onality   3.   Time  gap  can  be  bridged  
  • 19. Naturalism?   •  Observing  local  species   •  Analyzing  ecosystems   •  Finding  new  species!  
  • 20. Digital  species  are  IDEAS   Ideas  used  to  come  from  Muses  
  • 21. Understanding  Digital  Species   DRIFTED   YES   ONLY  ONE   YES   NATIVE   NATURALLY?   LOCATION?   NO   NO   INTRODUCED   INDIGENOUS   YES   WIDESPREAD?   INVASIVE  
  • 22. Understanding  Digital  Species   NATIVE   INTRODUCED   INDIGENOUS   INVASIVE  
  • 23. Copy  is  the  “natural  dri^”  
  • 24. Quiz   What  Fosters  Digital  MutaDons?  
  • 25. 5C’s  of  InnovaDon™   1.  Copy   2.  CompeDDon   3.  Constraints   4.  CombinaDon   5.  Context  
  • 27. China’s  Internet  in  the  Western  Mind   Censorship   AcDvists   485m  users   Cyber-­‐Abacks   Internet  Stocks   Source:  Top  Google  News  on  “China  Internet”,  2011.08.16  
  • 28. What  is  missing?   InnovaDon   Users   New  concepts   Startups  
  • 29. #1  Challenge:  Preconcep:ons   China   InnovaDon   Success  
  • 30. Quick  Look  at  Ecosystems   USA   •  Large  populaDon   •  High  GDP/capita   •  Experienced  entrepreneurs   •  High  development  costs   •  Vast  investments  resources   •  Clear  regulaDons   RICH  ECOSYSTEM  
  • 31. Quick  Look  at  Ecosystems   CHINA   •  Very  large  populaDon   •  Low  GDP/capita   •  Inexperienced  entrepreneurs   •  Low  development  costs   •  Popular  investment  spot   •  “In-­‐progress”  regulaDons   TOUGH  ECOSYSTEM  
  • 32. CompeDDon?   Service   No.   Local  Services   Tencent  (QZone,  Pengyou)   Facebook   5   Renren  (IPO),  Kaixin001,  51.com   1G:  (dead)   Twiber   3   2G:  Sina  (IPO),  QQ,  Sohu  (IPO)   1G:  Wealink,  Tianji   LinkedIn   4   2G:  Ushi,  Hengzhi   YouTube   3   Youku  (IPO),  Tudou  (IPO),  QQ   Yahoo   3   Sina,  Sohu,  QQ   Groupon   1,000+   Lashou,  Taobao,  Meituan,  etc.  
  • 33. TENCENT   Endemic     (Galapagos  Penguin)  
  • 35. Tencent  &  QQ   •  1998:  Chinese  “ICQ”   •  Survival:  Virtual  goods  in   Avatars,  Games  (Korea)   •  Today:  social  networks,   microblog,  e-­‐commerce,   search,  internaDonal…  
  • 36. Tencent  Usage   •  IM  acDve  accounts    700  mln     •  Qzone  SNS          530  mln   •  Pengyou  SNS        130  mln   •  Microblog          230  mln  
  • 37. Tencent  Results  (1H2011)   •  Revenue    2  bln  USD   –  More  than  Facebook!   –  Games        55%   –  Ads          8%   •  Net  profit      42%   •  Paying  users    11%   Photo:  Tencent’s  new  Headquarters  in  Shenzhen  
  • 38. JIAYUAN   Endemic     (flightless  cormorant)  
  • 39. Jiayuan  |  #1  Matchmaking  site   •  40  mln  members     •  Revenue  18  MEUR  (loss)   •  5  mln  acDve   •  IPO  in  May  2011  (“DATE”)  
  • 40. Jiayuan  |  #1  Matchmaking  site   •  Starving  with  ads   •  100’s  of  events   •  Sells  “stamps”  (0.4  SGD)   –  Either  sender  or   recipient  must  buy  it  
  • 41. ZHENAI   Endemic   (Lonesome  George)  
  • 42. Zhenai  |  #2  Matchmaking  site  
  • 43. Zhenai  |  #2  Matchmaking  site   •  28M  members   •  VIP  service   •  “Dates  manager”   •  Feedback  channel   •  600  SGD/6  months  
  • 44. VANCL   Endemic   (swallow-­‐tailed  gull)  
  • 45. Vancl  |  #1  Online  Apparel  Store   •  Original  brand  “Vancl”   •  “Online-­‐to-­‐Offline”  (O2O)   •  Started  as  online  shirts   •  200  MUSD  in  2010   •  Expanded  to  apparel   •  $5  bln  ValuaDon  
  • 46. Vancl  |  #1  Online  Apparel  Store   •  “Vancl  Stars”  show  their  styling  ideas   •  10%  commission  on  sales  from  personal  page  
  • 47. ONLINE  GAMES   Indigenous  &  Invasive   (marine  iguana)  
  • 48. >10  Online  Game  Giants!   •  No  game  so^ware  market  (piracy)   •  InspiraDon  from  Korea  (virtual  goods)   •  All  online!   •  Online  games  =  $5bln  vs.  $2bln  in  USA  
  • 49. Market  Cap   $53.5B   8   Unit:  billion  US$   7   6.2   6   5   5   4.5   4   3   2.4   2   1.7   1.7   1.1   1   0.764   0.29   0.1   0.165   0   Tencent   Shanda   Shanda   Netease   Perfect   Changyou   Giant   Kingso^   NetDragon   CDC   The9   Renren   Game   World   InteracDve   Source:  Companies,  2011.04  except  Renren,  2011.05  
  • 51. Indigenous  &  Invasive   SHANZHAI  (“Bandit”)   (Lava  Cactus)  
  • 52. Apple  Store  in  Kumming  
  • 53. Apple  Store  in  Kumming   •  Real  products!   •  Customer  service   •  (Some)  staff  think  it’s  an  official  store!  
  • 55. PHOTO:  MOBILE  PHONE,  BEIJING,  APRIL  2010   ©  Benjamin  Joffe  /  Plus  Eight  Star  Ltd.  
  • 56. PHOTO:  MOBILE  PHONE,  BEIJING,  APRIL  2010   ©  Benjamin  Joffe  /  Plus  Eight  Star  Ltd.  
  • 57. Did  you  noDce  that?   PHOTO:  MOBILE  PHONE,  BEIJING,  APRIL  2010   ©  Benjamin  Joffe  /  Plus  Eight  Star  Ltd.  
  • 58. This  is  a  “FarmVille”  bu0on   There  is  a  link  to   check  your  QQ  Farm   PHOTO:  MOBILE  PHONE,  BEIJING,  APRIL  2010   ©  Benjamin  Joffe  /  Plus  Eight  Star  Ltd.  
  • 60. The  First  Social  Farm  Game  was  made  in  China!  
  • 61. “Shanzhai”  Phones:  Mass  CustomizaDon   •  4F’s  of  Shanzhai™   –  Fun   –  Flashy   –  Fast   –  (almost)  Free!  
  • 62. “Invasive”  CommodiDzaDon?   World’s  Fastest   Android  CPU  (1.5G)   by  Xiaomi  Tech   (220  EUR)  
  • 63. “Invasive”  CommodiDzaDon?   HaiPad   Android  2.2,  Dual  camera   by  Haier  (100  EUR)  
  • 64. “Invasive”  CommodiDzaDon?   World’s  First  Android  3.2  Tablet   by  Huawei  
  • 65. Introduced  Species   (cute  puppies  or  voracious  goats?)  
  • 66. ALL  successful  ones  mutated   •  Yahoo!    Invested  in  Alibaba  (40%)   •  Google    Failed   •  Android    Free!   •  Angry  Birds  
  • 67. Groupon  War   •  Hundreds  of  players   •  Single  digit  margins   •  No  clear  leader   •  $110m  funding  for  Lashou   •  Hard  Dme  for  Groupon  US  
  • 69. UberStrike  by  Cmune   Top  3D  Game  on  Facebook,  made  from  China!  
  • 70. #1  in  Singapore  on  Mac  OS  >  FREE  Today!  
  • 71. Final  Quiz!   •  5C’s  of  InnovaDon   •  4F’s  of  Shanzhai   –  C…   –  F…   –  C…   –  F…   –  C…   –  F…   –  C…   –  F…   –  C…  
  • 72. The  Future  of  Digital  Species   •  Study  Ecosystems   •  Discover  new  species   •  Evolve   •  Thrive!   Cream-­‐coloured  Giant  Squirrel  (Indigenous  to  Singapore)  
  • 73. Tack  så  Thanks!   mycket!   @benjaminjoffe          benjamin@plus8star.com      www.slideshare.net/plus8star