sun, moon, earth

Ch. 15- NTW Sun-Moon-Earth System

1. __________- study of moon, stars, and other objects in space astronomy

2. _____- imaginary vertical line around which an object spins axis

3. _________- the circling of one object around another (1 revolution= 1 ____) revolution year

4. ________- the turning motion of an object on its axis rotation

5. _____- the actual path followed by a satellite; ______- oval, the orbits of our solar system’s planets orbit ellipse

6. ________-- time when one pole is pointing directly at the Sun A. summer- __________; longest amount of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere; _____ Pole points towards the sun B. winter- ________________; shortest amount of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere; _____ Pole points toward the sun solstice June 21, 22 North December 21, 22 South

7. _________- when an orbiting object is exactly mid-orbit; sideways to the Sun

Spring (_______)- ____________

Fall (_________)- _____________

equinox vernal March 20, 21 autumnal September 22, 23

8. ______- push or pull force

9. _________________________- Newton’s law that says objects attract all others toward each other Law of universal gravitation

10. ______- the amount of matter in an object 11. _______- the measure of the pull of gravity on an object mass weight

12. _______- matter stays at ____ or continues in ______ unless acted upon by an _______________ inertia rest motion outside influence

13. the moon

Has ___ ______ of Earth

B. Has __ _________

C. T emperatures

v ary from 115 º C

to -162 º C

D. O ne rotation takes __ ________ __

E. One revolution takes _________

1/6 gravity no atmosphere 27.3 days 27.3 days

14.

A. ________- no lighted area visible from Earth B. ______- the visible portion of the moon is increasing waxing C. _______- the visible portion of the moon is decreasing waning D. ________- phase between new moon and first or last quarter E. _______- ¾ phase between full moon and first or last quarter gibbous crescent new moon F. __________-the entire lighted half of the moon is visible from Earth full moon

G. __________- sunlight reflected off the Earth and back to the moon Earthshine

15. _____________- when the moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts its shadow on part of Earth; only occurs during a ____ _____ solar eclipse new moon

16. _____________- when the Earth casts its shadow on the moon; occurs only during a ____ ____ 17. _____- total shadow during a full moon 18. ________- partial shadow during an eclipse lunar eclipse full moon umbra penumbra

19. The lunar surface