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How To Care for Your Shrubs
1. How To Care for Your ShrubsHow To Care for Your Shrubs
2. 1. Inspect
As your trees begin to turn those charming fall colors, Smiley says, look for early
or uneven fall color or defoliation—both could be signs of potential problems such
as nutrient deficiencies, disease, and insects. Mushrooms aren't usually a
problem unless they're in clumps near trunks, which might be a sign of root rot
and decay.
3. 2. Have Your Soil Analyzed
Fall is a very good time to evaluate your soil, so collect samples for nutrient
analysis. If there's an imbalance in your lawn, you'll then be able to apply the
appropriate fertilizer. For example, if your soil has a nitrogen deficiency, a slow-
release fertilizer will get into soil over the winter and then release in the spring.
4. 3. Mulch
Mulch now to trap warmth and buy your shrubs a bit more time to grow and take
up water and nutrients. Over the winter, mulch provides protection and helps
reduce drying. Mulching is particularly important for new plantings and old shrubs.
Smiley recommends using organic materials such as wood chips or bark as mulch
around shrubs.
Mulch now to trap warmth and buy your shrubs a bit more time
to grow and take up water and nutrients. Over the winter,
mulch provides protection and helps reduce drying. Mulching
is particularly important for new plantings and old shrubs.
Smiley recommends using organic materials such as wood
chips or bark as mulch around shrubs.
5. 4. Spray Leaves—Maybe
Some gardeners like to use antidesiccant sprays—chemicals intended to keep
leaves from dehydrating. But, Smiley says, "very little research shows that
antidesiccant leaf sprays are effective." They will add gloss to leaves, if that's
important to you. Some deer repellents include an antidesiccant, so you may want
to try a spray if deer are a problem in your garden.
6. 5. Look for Pests
Pests can still be a problem even as the weather turns cooler. Cool-season mites
can be quite damaging, as are spider mites and hemlock wooly adelgids. And
then there are nuisance pests such as stink bugs, kudzu bugs, and box elder
bugs, all of which are attracted by shrubbery. If you have a problem, call in a
professional for an assessment.
7. 6. Transplant Now
"Fall is a great time for transplanting many trees and shrubs," Smiley says. "You
get a much higher success rate." That's because the plant doesn't need to
support leaves in the fall, but the roots will still grow a little.
Still, you must be careful. In some regions, such as the Northeast, there are some
plants that don't like being moved in the fall—they're called "fall planting hazards."
Smiley recommends contacting your local extension office for a list of such plants
before you move anything.
8. 7. Protect
Consider protecting shrubs that are subjected to high winds, southwest sun, or
salt—from the ocean or the road—Smiley says. That goes especially for smooth-
barked new transplants, which can be injured by frost crack. Wrap the trunk with
paper, polypropylene, or burlap trunk wrap—you can buy all of these at most
hardware stores. Protect foliage with a material such as burlap. You can take the
DIY route and make a windshield by hammering stakes into the ground and
stapling on the material, or by wrapping the shrub in burlap entirely and securing it
with twine. Another option is a commercial product like Shrub Coat.
9. 8. Tie Branches
If you've experienced branch break in the past (it's often caused by heavy snow
loads), tie up your shrubs with twine. Start by tying on a low branch, and spiral up
the shrub, gently folding up the branches as you go. Smiley recommends this
technique particularly for delicate shrubs such as arbor vitae and juniper.
10. 9. Prune
There are three types of pruning you should do in the fall, Smiley says. First,
prune branches that died over the summer. Second, do structural pruning for
things like co-dominant stems. Third, prune for size reduction, unless you have
old-growth shrubs with flowers on the old growth. In that case, wait until after
flowering is finished.