2. DEFINATION.
An Ectopic Pregancy or Extrauterine Pregnancy is
one in which the blastocyst implants anywhere
other than the endometrial lining of the uterine
cavity.
Implantation occurs 5-7 days following fertilization.
3. EPIDEMIOLOGY
They account for 1.3 to 2 percent of reported
pregnancies
1 in 100(from 1:25 to 1:250) normal pregnancies.
1:28 in West Indies.
8:1000 in Russia.
Mortality-0.4% in Russia
The secondary infertility-40% after operation
4. INCIDENCE
Recent evidencees indicate that the incidence of
ectopic pregnancy has been rising in many
countries.
USA-5 fold
UK- 2 fold
India 1 in 100 pregnancies
Recurrence rate is 15% after first, and 25% after
second ectopics.
5. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASED
INCIDENCE.
Greater prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases,specially
chlamydial infections.
Identification improved through the use of more sensitive
diagnostic tools.
Tubal factors infertility,including restoration of tubal patency or
documented tubal pathology has increased.
Delayed child bearing is more prevalent accompanied by
increased use of assisted reproductive technologies hence risk
of ectopic pregnancy is increased.
Intrauterine devices and tubal sterilization rates have increased
and failures predispose to ectopic pregnancy.
6. MORTALITY
Ectopic Pregnancy remains the leading cause of
early pregnancy-related death.Still, current
diagnostic and treatment protocols have resulted in
10-fold decline in the case fatality over the past 35
years.
