6. Capital for
investing in the
means of
production
Colonies and
Markets for
manufactured
goods
Raw materials
for production
Workers
Merchant
marine
Geography
7. Machines were invented which
replaced human labor
New energy sources were developed
to power the new machinery –
water, steam, electricity, oil (gas,
kerosene)
Increased use of metals and
minerals
10. The First and Second
Industrial Revolutions
The first, or old, Industrial
Revolution took place between about
1750 and 1870
The second Industrial Revolution
took place between about 1870 and
1960