Writing Summaries

S ummary W riting by Piet van der Laan

W riting a summary takes 5 steps
S tep 1. Read with the Writer’s Purpose in Mind.
S tep 2. Underline with Summarizing in Mind.
S tep 3. Writing your Summary.
S tep 4. Revising your Summary (proofreading).
S tep 5. Editing your Summary.

S tep 1. R ead with the W riter’s P urpose in M ind
M ake predictions based on the title, subtitles, pictures, etc.
R ead the article carefully (no notes, no marks).
W rite down the point that is made about the subject in one sentence.
U nderline the writer’s thesis (main idea) and check whether it corresponds with what you wrote down .

S tep 2. U nderline with S ummarizing in M ind
R ead the text again and underline the major points supporting the thesis.
U nderline the transitional elements that show how parts are connected.
L ook up difficult words if necessary.

S tep 3. W riting your S ummary
Y our summary should contain the following elements:
I ntroduction
B ody
C onclusion

S tep 3. W riting your S ummary (1)
I ntroduction
W riter, title, main idea
I n the article, ……. (title article), …….(author’s name) stated/states that ….(the author’s thesis in your own words)

B ody
S ummarize in the order of the author’s thoughts.
P araphrase and condense into a coherent whole.
I nclude major data.
I nclude one or more of the author’s examples or illustrations (liveliness.)
D o not include your own ideas, illustrations or interpretations.
U se appropriate transitions.

C onclusion
C onclude with a final statement reflecting the significance of the article.
D on’t use your own point of view but the writer’s

S tep 4. R evising your S ummary (proofreading)
C heck for accuracy.
D oes your summary make the same point as the article?
H ave you omitted anything important?
D oes your summary read smoothly with all parts clearly related?

S tep 5. E diting your S ummary
C orrect grammar, spelling and punctuation errors, looking particularly for those common in your writing.
W rite a clean draft and proofread for copying errors.

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Writing Summaries

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