Developing better PHP projects

Developing better PHP projects Md Emran Hasan phpXperts seminar 2010 Nov 06, 2010

Who are you? • Team / Project lead ? • Development Manager ? • Senior Developer ? • Freelancer ?

Why you need this ? • Better project organization • Improved teamwork • Adaptable to change • Predictable and maintainable

Elements • Quality of code • Project structure • Development practices • Use of tools

Project Structure

Common types • Stand-alone • Framework • Hybrid

Stand-alone index.php lib/ login.php email_sender.php account.php alldb.php ... xmlwriter.php inc/ ezSql/ config.php tcpdf/ common.php

Stand-alone (cont’d) • Separate files • All variables are global • Difficult to manage • Almost no separation of concern

Framework library/ models/ Zend/ User.php application/ Page.php config/ views/ application.ini script/ controllers/ auth/ Auth.php login.php Page.php forgot.php

Framework (cont’d) • Built on top of Library Collection • Applications extend from it • Focuses on 20% of the 80-20 rule

Hybrid .htaccess Models/ index.php User.php Pages/ Page.php Login.php Lib/ Account.php ezSQL/ Home.php Zend/ ... tcpdf/

Hybrid (cont’d) • Improved version of stand-alone • Utilizes other Library Collection (Zend, PEAR) • Uses Front Controller approach

Development Practices

Planning • Collaborate with customer • Estimate team-wise • Break total work into iterations • Daily stand-up meeting

Design • Prefer simple design over complexity • Adhere to a coding standard • Avoid guessing by doing coding spike!

Coding • Write unit tests first • Collective code ownership • Optimize last • Refactor mercilessly

First make it work, then make it right, then make it fast. - Kent Beck

Use of tools

Choosing tools • Having a process helps choose tools • Choosing Inappropriate tool can do harm • Build a process if you don’t have any

Type of tools Release Management Product Management Development Management

Product Management • Should allow building requirements (use cases, screen mockups, etc) • Must be collaborative • Must be shared among project members

Development Management • Need to allow multiple developers to work together (version control) • Need to keep codebase under control (code review) • Need to deal with bugs (issue tracking)

Release Management • Needs to allow setting project timeline • Should allow scheduling of milestones • Should measure development team velocity

Suggestion for Newcomer • Version Control: Subversion • Issue/Feature Tracking: Spreadsheet (Excel, Google Docs) • Collaboration: Dropbox, Google Docs • Communication: IM, Email, Meetings

Suggestion for Intermediate • Version Control: Subversion, Git/Mercurial • Issue/Feature Tracking: trac, Mantis, Flyspray • Collaboration: Wiki, Google Docs • Code Review: Peer-to-peer review • Communication: IM, Email, Meetings

Suggestion for Experts • Version Control: Git/Mercurial • Integrated Project Management: JIRA, Redmine, Trac • Collaboration: Wiki, Google Docs • Code Review: Review Board, Crucible • QA Automation: Selenium, Watir, phpUnit • Continuos Integration: Hudson, CruiseControl

Tips for picking right tool • Tool that you can configure easily • Tool that complements your process (does not fight you) • Tool that your team can adjust with easily

Summary

Take-aways • Structure your project properly (use framework if possible) • Maintain good coding practice in team • Use tools to increase team efficiency

Questions?

References • Subversion • Redmine • Git • Trac • Mercurial • Selenium • Google Docs • Watir • Review Board • Hudson • JIRA • Cruise Control • Mantis • Flyspray • Basecamp • Dropbox

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Developing better PHP projects

by Emran Hasan

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