SSTRM - StrategicReviewGroup.ca - LCol. Bodner Power/Energy September 2009
SSTRM - StrategicReviewGroup.ca - HSI Linda Bossi
1. Introduction to Workshop Themes & Physical Ergonomics & Integration Challenges Linda Bossi, CD, MSc Human Systems Integration Section DRDC Toronto September 21-22, 2010 Château Cartier Gatineau, Que. Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap Human and Systems Integration Workshop
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3. What is HSI? Technical process of integrating 5 HSI domains with a materiel system to ensure safe, effective operability and supportability of the system
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6. A Simple Model for Considering the Complex Soldier System USER TOOLS TASK ENVIRONMENT
7. Key Challenge – User Complexity and Variability USER Military Occupation Role (rifleman, leader) Perceptual Capabilities : Visual Acuity Colour Vision Eye Dominance Hearing Age Gender Physical Attributes : Size & Shape Strength Fitness Level Handedness Psychological/Cognitive Capabilities : Intellect, Cognitive Style, Information Processing, Decision-making capability, Resilience, etc. Education Training Experience Skills State : Fatigue Hydration Motivation Emotional Arousal
8. Key Challenge – Task Complexity and Variability USER TASK Type of Mission Phase of Mission Perceptual Tasks (observe) Cognitive Tasks (orient, understand, decide) Physical Tasks (act) Concurrent Tasks Time Pressure Threat Environment Individual & Team Tasks
9. Key Challenge – Equipment Complexity and Variability USER TOOLS TASK Compatibility vs Integration, Modularity, Scalability, Individual Clothing & Personal Equipment Collective / Team Equipment Legacy vs Future Weapon, Transport, Communication & Battle Management Systems Utility Usability Modality Salience
10. Key Challenge – Environment Complexity and Variability USER TOOLS TASK ENVIRONMENT Terrain : Slope, Surface, Cover Weather : Temperature Humidity Precipitation Cultural Organizational Training Threat Future Security Environment Lighting : Day/Night Obscurants Noise : Sound Discrimination & Localization Speech Intelligibility Hearing Protection
11. Can this soldier, with this training, perform this task, to this standard, with this equipment, and under these conditions? USER TOOLS TASK ENVIRONMENT EFFECTIVE SOLDIER SYSTEM INTEGRATION
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19. Shape Variability (both soldiers have same head breadth) 5 th and 95 th percentile male For head breadth Anthropometric Variability For Head Breadth One size does not fit all!
20. Percentiles vs Population accommodation For a given male head breadth (153mm) Head length ranges more than 30 mm (183 to 215 mm)
What is Human Systems Integration? A Model for Considering the Soldier as a System Introduction to Workshop Themes Physical Ergonomics and Integration on the Soldier Cognitive Ergonomics and Integration on the Soldier System Architecture & Interoperability (External Integration) Physical Ergonomics & Integration Challenges Scope – anthro, exercise/work/thermal physiology, physical environment (Noise, Lighting, Thermal, Vibration), biomechanics, load carriage, displays and controls Integration Challenges – see Visioning Workshop slides protection, load,
Human Systems Integration : the technical process of integrating the 5 HSI domains with a materiel system to ensure safe, effective operability and supportability of the system: Human Factors Engineering Manpower and Personnel Training System Safety Health Hazard Assessment About overall effectiveness of human-operated systems—socio-technical systems Part of a systems engineering approach
Applicable to all systems having a human interface, including hardware and software HFE application to systems design improves ease of use, system performance and reliability & user satisfaction while reducing operational errors, operator stress, training requirements, user fatigue, and product liability HFE is distinctive in being the only discipline that relates humans to technology
Applicable to all systems having a human interface, including hardware and software HFE application to systems design improves ease of use, system performance and reliability & user satisfaction while reducing operational errors, operator stress, training requirements, user fatigue, and product liability HFE is distinctive in being the only discipline that relates humans to technology
A Model for Considering the Complex Soldier System Scope within each of User/Task/Tools/Environment Interactions between User/Task/Tools/Environment
Briefings by: Dave Tack – USMC approach to burden Steve Boyne – PPE Integration Challenges Joan Stevenson – Role of Biomechanics in SSI Linda Bossi – HSI Tools Last half of this talk – focus on anthropometry
Presentations that will go into depth in this theme area: Beth Redden – Advanced Interfaces for Dismounted Warfighters Dave Tack – Reqrs for Enhancing Soldier Perception, SA and Cognition David Bryant & Justin Hollands – Decision Aids for Soldiers Francois Bernier – Virtual Simulation for Soldiers Linda Bossi – HSI Tools
Presentations that will go into depth in this theme area: Marc-Andre Rochon – Soldier Equipment/Vehicle/Communications Integration Requirements Beth Redden – Advanced Displays Warren Downing – Industry Perspective on soldier system integration Michel Ducharme – Soldier-Vehicle Integration: A TTCP Approach Linda Bossi – HSI Tools
1997 Land Force Anthro Survey 465 males, 243 females 200 traditional measures 2D body and 3D head scans
No such thing as a 5 th , 50 th or 95 th percentile soldier! When you hear/read this expression, you need to immediately ask – for which dimension? Canada prefers to specify population accommodation in its acquisition specifications: The “ x ” shall accommodate “ x ”% of the “ x ” population Accomodation implies not only USER fit/adjustability, but also ability to perform the range of TASKS to specific performance standards under the range of ENVIRONMENTS, and with the range of clothing and equipment (TOOLS) with which the item must be compatible
Head- Supported Mass Studies: Addition of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg mass at user preferred CoM Tests included static stand, obstacle course, ½ day platoon missions Measures included EMG & accelerometry, soldier performance, ratings of acceptability Weapon Mass Properties Study Addition of 1.5 kg, 3.0 kg and 4.5 kg to C7 weapon base weight Each weight at each of 3 centres of mass
Hit probability when the target passes a 10m wide opening at maximum speed Carrying loads of 20, 32.5 or 45 kg Exposure times when running upright or crouched are marked by vertical or solid red lines respectively
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