JSON and the APInauts

API JSON AND THE ARGONAUTS WYNNNETHERLAND

whoami

A lot of API wrappers! I write API wrappers

& more!

Why create API wrappers?

After all, we have

curl http://api.twitter.com/1/users/show.json?screen_name=pengwynn

Net::HTTP

url = "http://api.twitter.com/1/users/show.json?screen_name=pengwynn" Net::HTTP.get(URI.parse(url))

Because we're Rubyists, and we want

Idiomatic access

{"chart":{ "issueDate":2006-03-04, "description":"Chart", "chartItems":{ "firstPosition":1, "totalReturned":15, "totalRecords":25663, "chartItem":[{ "songName":"Lonely Runs Both Ways", "artistName":"Alison Krauss + Union Station", "peek":1, "catalogNo":"610525", "rank":1, "exrank":1, "weeksOn":65, "albumId":655684, ... }}

Rubyified keys

{"chart":{ "issueDate":2006-03-04, "description":"Chart", "chartItems":{ "firstPosition":1, "totalReturned":15, "totalRecords":25663, "chartItem":[{ "songName":"Lonely Runs Both Ways", "artistName":"Alison Krauss + Union Station", "peek":1, "catalogNo":"610525", "rank":1, "exrank":1, "weeksOn":65, "albumId":655684, ... }}

{"chart":{ "issue_date":2006-03-04, "description":"Chart", "chart_items":{ "first_position":1, "total_returned":15, "total_records":25663, "chart_item":[{ "song_name":"Lonely Runs Both Ways", "artist_name":"Alison Krauss + Union Station", "peek":1, "catalog_no":"610525", "rank":1, "exrank":1, "weeks_on":65, "album_id":655684, ... }}

... and method names

# Retrieve the details about a user by email # # +email+ (Required) # The email of the user to look within. To run getInfoByEmail on multiple addresses, simply pass a comma-separated list of valid email addresses. # def self.info_by_email(email) email = email.join(',') if email.is_a?(Array) Mash.new(self.get('/', ! ! :query => { ! ! ! :method => 'user.getInfoByEmail', ! ! ! :email => email }.merge(Upcoming.default_options))).rsp.user end

# Retrieve the details about a user by email # # +email+ (Required) # The email of the user to look within. To run getInfoByEmail on multiple addresses, simply pass a comma-separated list of valid email addresses. # More Ruby like th an def self.info_by_email(email) email = email.join(',') if email.is_a?(Array) Mash.new(self.get('/', ! ! :query => { ! ! ! :method => 'user.getInfoByEmail', ! ! ! :email => email }.merge(Upcoming.default_options))).rsp.user end

SYNTACTIC SUGAR

Twitter::Search.new.from('jnunemaker').to('pengwynn').hashed('ruby').fetch()

Method chaining Twitter::Search.new.from('jnunemaker').to('pengwynn').hashed('ruby').fetch()

stores = client.stores({:area => ['76227', 50]}).products({:salePrice => {'$gt' => 3000}}).fetch.stores

Method chaining stores = client.stores({:area => ['76227', 50]}).products({:salePrice => {'$gt' => 3000}}).fetch.stores

client.statuses.update.json! :status => 'this status is from grackle'

Method chaining Bang for POST client.statuses.update.json! :status => 'this status is from grackle'

APPROACHES

Simple Wrapping

SOME TWITTER EXAMPLES Twitter Auth from @mbleigh Wrapping user.twitter.post( '/statuses/update.json', 'status' => 'Tweet, tweet!' ) Wrapping... with style Grackle from @hayesdavis client.statuses.update.json! :status => 'Tweet, tweet!' Abstraction Twitter from @jnunemaker client.update('Tweet, tweet!')

Why simply wrap?

Insulate against change

Leverage API documentation

Why abstract?

...or writing APIs to wrap APIs

Simplify a complex API

Provide a business domain

Transports

Net::HTTP

Patron http://toland.github.com/patron/

Typhoeus http://github.com/pauldix/typhoeus

em-http-request http://github.com/igrigorik/em-http-request

Parsers

Crack http://github.com/jnunemaker/crack Puts the party in HTTParty

yajl-ruby http://github.com/brianmario/yajl-ruby

multi_json http://github.com/intridea/multi_json

Higher-level libraries

HTTParty http://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty When you HTTParty, you must party hard!

HTTParty - Ruby module - GET, POST, PUT, DELETE - basic_auth, base_uri, default_params, etc. - Net::HTTP for transport - Crack parses JSON and XML

HTTParty class Delicious include HTTParty base_uri 'https://api.del.icio.us/v1' def initialize(u, p) @auth = {:username => u, :password => p} end ... def recent(options={}) options.merge!({:basic_auth => @auth}) self.class.get('/posts/recent', options) end ...

monster_mash http://github.com/dbalatero/monster_mash HTTParty for Typhoeus, a monster. Get it?

RestClient http://github.com/adamwiggins/rest-client

RestClient - Simple DSL - ActiveResource support - Built-in shell RestClient.post( ! 'http://example.com/resource', :param1 => 'one', :nested => { :param2 => 'two' } )

Weary http://github.com/mwunsch/weary

Weary - Simple DSL - Specify required, optional params - Async support

Weary declare "foo" do |r| r.url = "path/to/foo" r.via = :post r.requires = [:id, :bar] r.with = [:blah] becomes r.authenticates = false r.follows = false r.headers = {'Accept' => 'text/html'} end client.foo :id => 123, :bar => 'baz'

RackClient http://github.com/halorgium/rack-client

RackClient - Rack API - Middleware! client = Rack::Client.new('http:// whoismyrepresentative.com')

Faraday http://github.com/technoweenie/faraday

Faraday - Rack-like - Middleware! - Adapters

Faraday url = 'http://api.twitter.com/1' conn = Faraday::Connection.new(:url => url ) do |builder| builder.adapter Faraday.default_adapter builder.use Faraday::Response::MultiJson builder.use Faraday::Response::Mashify end resp = conn.get do |req| req.url '/users/show.json', :screen_name => 'pengwynn' end u = resp.body u.name # => "Wynn Netherland"

Faraday Middleware http://github.com/pengwynn/faraday-middleware

Faraday Middleware - Hashie - Multi JSON - OAuth, OAuth2 as needed

My current stack - Faraday - Faraday Middleware - Hashie - Multi JSON - OAuth, OAuth2 as needed

Hashie - Mash - Dash - Trash - Clash

HTTPScoop

If you have an iOS app, you have an API ;-) Charles Proxy

Testing

Fakeweb http://github.com/chrisk/fakeweb

VCR http://github.com/myronmarston/vcr

Artifice http://github.com/wycats/artifice Artifice.activate_with(rack_endpoint) do # make some requests using Net::HTTP end a @wycats joint

ShamRack http://github.com/mdub/sham_rack

ShamRack ShamRack.at("sinatra.xyz").sinatra do get "/hello/:subject" do "Hello, #{params[:subject]}" end end open("http://sinatra.xyz/hello/ stranger").read #=> "Hello, stranger"

ShamRack Rack 'em up! ShamRack.at("rackup.xyz").rackup do use Some::Middleware use Some::Other::Middleware run MyApp.new end

Authentication

OAuth http://oauth.rubyforge.org/

OAuth2 http://github.com/intridea/oauth2

QUESTIONS? @pengwynn

JSON and the APInauts

by Wynn Netherland

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