Ch 3: Pain & It's Management

1. Lecture Notes 3
Pain and Its
Management
Classroom Activity to Accompany
Diseases of the Human Body
Fifth Edition
Carol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis

2. Copyright © 2011 by F.A. Davis Company. All rights
reserved. This product is protected by copyright. No part
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without written permission from the publisher.

3. Hold on, hold on to
yourself, for this is gonna
hurt like hell.
—Sarah McLachlan
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4. Pain and Its Management
• Pain and its treatment models
• Single-service clinics
• Pain clinics
• Multidisciplinary pain clinics
• Multidisciplinary pain centers
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5. Pain and Its Management
• Definition of pain
• Hurting or strong discomfort in some part of the
body caused by injury, disease, or disorder;
transmitted through the nervous system
• Types of pain
• Acute
• Chronic
• Nociceptive
• Neuropathic
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6. Pain and Its Management
• Other types of pain
• Angina
• Breakthrough
• Malignant
• Phantom limb
• Psychogenic
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7. Pain and Its Management
• Variables of pain
• Early experience of pain
• Cultural background
• Anxiety and depression
• Age
• Sex
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8. Pain and Its Management
• Gate control theory of pain
• Pain is a balance of information traveling into the
spinal cord between the large and small nerve
fibers
• No pain stimulation = no transmission to the brain
• With pain stimulation to small nerve fibers, the
transmission to the brain is open and pain is felt
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9. Pain and Its Management
• Assessment of pain
• P — Place
• A — Amount
• I — Interactions
• N — Neutralizers
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10. Pain and Its Management
• Treatment of pain
• Medications
• Nonprescription drug therapy
• Prescription drug therapy
• PCA pump
• Intrathecal drug therapy
• Surgery
• Placebos
PCA = patient-controlled analgesia.
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11. Pain and Its Management
• Complementary therapies used in pain
management
• Biofeedback
• Relaxation
• Imagery
• Hypnosis
• TENS
• Massage
TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
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12. Pain and Its Management
• Additional complementary therapies used
in pain management
• Humor, laughter, play
• Music
• Acupuncture
• Aromatherapy
• Therapeutic touch and Reiki
• Yoga
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13. Pain and Its Management
• A pain management treatment from
China and approved by the FDA in 1997
is
1. Reiki
2. TENS
3. Acupuncture
4. Massage
FDA = Food and Drug Administration; TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
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14. Credits
Publisher: Margaret Biblis
Acquisitions Editor: Andy McPhee
Developmental Editors: Yvonne Gillam, Julie Munden
Backgrounds: Joseph John Clark, Jr.
Production Manager: Sam Rondinelli
Manager of Electronic Product Development: Kirk Pedrick
Electronic Publishing: Frank Musick
The publisher is not responsible for errors of omission or for consequences from application of information in this
presentation, and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to its content. Any practice described in this
presentation should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used with regard to the
unique circumstances that may apply in each situation.
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