Linux KVM のコードを追いかけてみよう

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    Linux KVM のコードを追いかけてみよう - Presentation Transcript

    1. Linux KVM /VM 1 by Tsuyoshi Ozawa, softlab@univ. of Tsukuba. Twitter: oza_x86 2009 8 13 1
    2. 2009 8 13 2
    3. 1. VMM 2. Intel-VT 3. Linux KVM KVM 2009 8 13 3
    4. VMM 2009 8 13 4
    5. VMM 2009 8 13 5
    6. Virtual Machine Monitor 2009 8 13 6
    7. Virtual Machine Monitor 1. 2. (OS) 2009 8 13 7
    8. VMM 2009 8 13 8
    9. 2009 8 13 9
    10. 2009 8 13 10
    11. Qemu 2009 8 13 11
    12. 2009 8 13 12
    13. 2009 8 13 13
    14. Qemu 2009 8 13 14
    15. 2009 8 13 15
    16. CPU 2009 8 13 16
    17. Main Memory ... ALU movl %eax %ebx ... 2009 8 13 17
    18. Main Memory ... ALU movl %eax %ebx ... fetch 2009 8 13 18
    19. Qemu ... 2009 8 13 19
    20. Qemu Main Memory ... ALU movl %eax %ebx ... fetch 2009 8 13 20
    21. opcode = mem[pc]; execute(opcode); 2009 8 13 21
    22. mov opcode = mem[pc]; execute(opcode); jmp 2009 8 13 22
    23. • 2009 8 13 23
    24. 2009 8 13 24
    25. opcode[0..N] = mem[pc]; mid_ops=compile(opcode); execute(mid_ops); 2009 8 13 25
    26. opcode[0..N] = mem[pc]; mid_ops=compile(opcode); execute(mid_ops); 2009 8 13 26
    27. opcode[0..N] = mem[pc]; mid_ops=compile(opcode); execute(mid_ops); 2009 8 13 27
    28. 2009 8 13 28
    29. 2009 8 13 29
    30. • • • 2009 8 13 30
    31. 2009 8 13 31
    32. 2009 8 13 32
    33. VMM 2009 8 13 33
    34. KVM 2009 8 13 34
    35. • 2009 8 13 35
    36. .section .data message: .ascii "hello,gas!n" .section .text .global _start _start: movl $4,%eax movl $1,%ebx movl $message,%ecx movl $12,%edx int $0x80 2009 8 13 36
    37. ./a.out hello,gas! 2009 8 13 37
    38. Hello world 2009 8 13 38
    39. printf(“HelloWorld¥n”) 2009 8 13 39
    40. printf 2009 8 13 40
    41. 2009 8 13 41
    42. 2009 8 13 42
    43. write 2009 8 13 43
    44. write out 2009 8 13 44
    45. .section .data message: .ascii "hello,gas!n" .section .text .global _start _start: movl $4,%eax movl $1,%ebx movl $message,%ecx out movl $12,%edx int $0x80 2009 8 13 45
    46. ... outb %ax ... 2009 8 13 46
    47. Program Display CPU outb 2009 8 13 47
    48. hello,gas! 2009 8 13 48
    49. • 2009 8 13 49
    50. • VM 2009 8 13 50
    51. .section .data message: .ascii "hello,gas!n" .section .text .global _start _start: movl $4,%eax movl $1,%ebx movl $message,%ecx out movl $12,%edx int $0x80 2009 8 13 51
    52. ... outb $hogehoge ... 2009 8 13 52
    53. hello,gas! 2009 8 13 53
    54. OS . 2009 8 13 54
    55. VM Virtual Program Display VirtualCPU outb 2009 8 13 55
    56. VM Program Real Display VirtualCPU outb 2009 8 13 56
    57. hello,gas! on host system?! 2009 8 13 57
    58. 2009 8 13 58
    59. 2009 8 13 59
    60. 2009 8 13 60
    61. 2009 8 13 61
    62. VM out Virtual Program Display CPU 2009 8 13 62
    63. VM out Virtual Program Display CPU outb 2009 8 13 63
    64. VM out 2009 8 13 64
    65. Emu Code trap CPU 2009 8 13 65
    66. Emu Code CPU handle 2009 8 13 66
    67. VM out Emu ret Code CPU 2009 8 13 67
    68. VM out ack Virtual Program Display CPU 2009 8 13 68
    69. VM out out 2009 8 13 69
    70. 2009 8 13 70
    71. 2009 8 13 71
    72. x86 2009 8 13 72
    73. ? 2009 8 13 73
    74. 2009 8 13 74
    75. 2009 8 13 75
    76. ? 2009 8 13 76
    77. 2009 8 13 77
    78. x86 ? 2009 8 13 78
    79. ... ? 2009 8 13 79
    80. 2009 8 13 80
    81. 2009 8 13 81
    82. x86 • • Hypervisor Call • Xen 2009 8 13 82
    83. x86 • • LilyVM 2009 8 13 83
    84. x86 • • (JIT ) • VMWare 2009 8 13 84
    85. 2009 8 13 85
    86. Intel ( AMD-V ) 2009 8 13 86
    87. Intel-VT 2009 8 13 87
    88. CPU ? 2009 8 13 88
    89. User Privilege 2009 8 13 89
    90. User Privilege 2009 8 13 90
    91. 2009 8 13 91
    92. User User warp Privilege Privilege 2009 8 13 92
    93. 2009 8 13 93
    94. User User Privilege Privilege 2009 8 13 94
    95. User User Privilege Privilege 2009 8 13 95
    96. User User Privilege Privilege trap 2009 8 13 96
    97. User User Privilege Privilege Intel-VT 2009 8 13 97
    98. User Privilege 2009 8 13 98
    99. VMX-Root Mode (VM ) 2009 8 13 99
    100. User Privilege 2009 8 13 100
    101. VMX-non root Mode ( ) 2009 8 13 101
    102. VMX non Root Mode 2009 8 13 102
    103. User User Privilege Privilege 2009 8 13 103
    104. vmlaunch vmresume 2009 8 13 104
    105. KVM 2009 8 13 105
    106. KVM 2009 8 13 106
    107. Kernel-based Virtul Machine 2009 8 13 107
    108. KVM 2009 8 13 108
    109. KVM • •Intel-VT • •Qemu • •Linux • •Linux 2009 8 13 109
    110. KVM • •Intel-VT • •Qemu • •Linux • •Linux KVM 2009 8 13 110
    111. KVM • •VM • • • • OS 2009 8 13 111
    112. 2009 8 13 112
    113. 2009 8 13 113
    114. Main loop 2009 8 13 114
    115. KVM 2009 8 13 115
    116. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 116
    117. 2009 8 13 117
    118. VMX VMX non Root Root Mode Mode 2009 8 13 118
    119. 2009 8 13 119
    120. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 120
    121. VMX non Root Mode 2009 8 13 121
    122. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 122
    123. User Qemu KVM Program Qemu Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 123
    124. ./qemu -hda disk1.img (-hda ) 2009 8 13 124
    125. User Qemu Program $ ./qemu -hda disk1 Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 125
    126. User Qemu Program Qemu Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 126
    127. Qemu 2009 8 13 127
    128. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 128
    129. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 129
    130. 2009 8 13 130
    131. 2009 8 13 131
    132. vmlaunch vmresume 2009 8 13 132
    133. VMX non Root Mode 2009 8 13 133
    134. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM VT Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 134
    135. 2009 8 13 135
    136. vmlaunch vmresume 2009 8 13 136
    137. User Qemu Program vmlaunch / vmresume Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 137
    138. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 138
    139. VMX non root Mode 2009 8 13 139
    140. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 140
    141. 2009 8 13 141
    142. VMX non Root Mode IO 2009 8 13 142
    143. 2009 8 13 143
    144. outb %ax 2009 8 13 144
    145. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 145
    146. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel outb %ax 2009 8 13 146
    147. VMX Root Mode 2009 8 13 147
    148. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 148
    149. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 149
    150. 2009 8 13 150
    151. Qemu 2009 8 13 151
    152. User Qemu Program IOCTL return Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 152
    153. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 153
    154. User Qemu Program io Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 154
    155. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 155
    156. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 156
    157. 2009 8 13 157
    158. IOCTL CPU 2009 8 13 158
    159. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 159
    160. 2009 8 13 160
    161. ... 2009 8 13 161
    162. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel vmlaunch vmresume 2009 8 13 162
    163. 2009 8 13 163
    164. 2009 8 13 164
    165. KVM kvm-85 2009 8 13 165
    166. 2009 8 13 166
    167. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 167
    168. Qemu 2009 8 13 168
    169. $./qemu -hda disk1 ... 2009 8 13 169
    170. qemu/vl.c main.c 2009 8 13 170
    171. 4439 int 4440 { main (int argc, char **argv, char **envp) // . Shadow page table . 5425 kvm_qemu_create_context() // 5493 kvm_init(smp_cpus); ... // qemu/hw/pc.c 5554 machine->init(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_devices, 5555 kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline, 5556 initrd_filename, cpu_model); ... ... 5742 main_loop(); ... 5747 } 2009 8 13 171
    172. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 172
    173. User Qemu Program Qemu Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 173
    174. - •machine->init • • qemu/hw/pc.c pc_init1 2009 8 13 174
    175. 2009 8 13 175
    176. 2009 8 13 176
    177. pc_init1 pc_new_cpu cpu_init = cpu_x86_init kvm_init_cpu pthread_create ap_main_loop kvm_main_loop_cpu 2009 8 13 177
    178. 2009 8 13 178
    179. 2009 8 13 179
    180. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 180
    181. IOCTL 2009 8 13 181
    182. ... qemu/kvm-all.c kvm_cpu_exec 2009 8 13 182
    183. 378 static int kvm_main_loop_cpu (CPUState *env) 379 { 394 while (1) { 395 while (!has_work(env)) 396 kvm_main_loop_wait(env, 1000); 397 if (env->interrupt_request & (CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD | CPU_INTERRUPT_NMI)) 398 env->halted = 0; // . .... 404 } 405 if (!env->halted && !env->kvm_cpu_state.init) { 406 kvm_cpu_exec(env); // } } 413 } 2009 8 13 183
    184. int kvm_cpu_exec(){ ... 461 ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(env, KVM_RUN, 0); 478 switch (run->exit_reason) { 479 case KVM_EXIT_IO: 481 ret = kvm_handle_io(env, run->io.port, 482 (uint8_t *)run + run>io.data_offset, 483 run->io.direction, 484 run->io.size, 485 run->io.count); 486 break; case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: .... ... 2009 8 13 184
    185. 648 int kvm_vcpu_ioctl(CPUState *env, int type, ...) 649 { 658 ret = ioctl(env->kvm_fd, type, arg); 659 if (ret == -1) 660 ret = -errno; 661 662 return ret; 663 } 2009 8 13 185
    186. 2009 8 13 186
    187. IOCTL 2009 8 13 187
    188. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 188
    189. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 189
    190. 2009 8 13 190
    191. 2009 8 13 191
    192. IOCTL 2009 8 13 192
    193. IOCTL 2009 8 13 193
    194. 2009 8 13 194
    195. static struct file_operations kvm_vcpu_fops = { .release = kvm_vcpu_release, .unlocked_ioctl = kvm_vcpu_ioctl, .compat_ioctl = kvm_vcpu_ioctl, .mmap = kvm_vcpu_mmap, }; 2009 8 13 195
    196. // file->f_op = kvm_vcpu_fops; 2009 8 13 196
    197. kvm_vcpu_ioctl 2009 8 13 197
    198. static long kvm_vcpu_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int ioctl, unsigned long arg) { switch (ioctl) { case KVM_RUN: r = kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run(vcpu, vcpu->run); break; .... } 2009 8 13 198
    199. VMX non Root Mode 2009 8 13 199
    200. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM VT Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 200
    201. ... 2009 8 13 201
    202. kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run __vcpu_run vcpu_enter_guest vmx_vcpu_run 2009 8 13 202
    203. vmx_vcpu_run kernel/x86/vmx.c 2009 8 13 203
    204. User Qemu Program vmlaunch / vmresume Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 204
    205. 2009 8 13 205
    206. 2009 8 13 206
    207. include/asm-x86/vmx.h #define ASM_VMX_VMLAUNCH ".byte 0x0f, 0x01, 0xc2" #define ASM_VMX_VMRESUME ".byte 0x0f, 0x01, 0xc3" 2009 8 13 207
    208. 2009 8 13 208
    209. vmlaunch/vmresume 2009 8 13 209
    210. User Qemu Program vmlaunch / vmresume Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 210
    211. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 211
    212. VMX non-root mode 2009 8 13 212
    213. 2009 8 13 213
    214. VMX non Root Mode IO 2009 8 13 214
    215. 2009 8 13 215
    216. 2009 8 13 216
    217. outb %ax 2009 8 13 217
    218. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 218
    219. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel outb %ax 2009 8 13 219
    220. 2009 8 13 220
    221. "jne .Llaunched nt" __ex(ASM_VMX_VMLAUNCH) "nt" "jmp .Lkvm_vmx_return nt" ".Llaunched: " __ex(ASM_VMX_VMRESUME) "nt" ".Lkvm_vmx_return: " vmlaunch /* */ vmresume ... ... 2009 8 13 221
    222. "jne .Llaunched nt" __ex(ASM_VMX_VMLAUNCH) "nt" "jmp .Lkvm_vmx_return nt" ".Llaunched: " __ex(ASM_VMX_VMRESUME) "nt" ".Lkvm_vmx_return: " /* */ ... 2009 8 13 222
    223. 2009 8 13 223
    224. 2009 8 13 224
    225. out 2009 8 13 225
    226. out in . 2009 8 13 226
    227. Intel-VT 2009 8 13 227
    228. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 228
    229. 2009 8 13 229
    230. Qemu 2009 8 13 230
    231. User Qemu Program IOCTL return Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 231
    232. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 232
    233. int kvm_cpu_exec(){ ... 461 ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(env, KVM_RUN, 0); 478 switch (run->exit_reason) { 479 case KVM_EXIT_IO: 481 ret = kvm_handle_io(env, run->io.port, 482 (uint8_t *)run + run>io.data_offset, 483 run->io.direction, 484 run->io.size, 485 run->io.count); 486 break; case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: .... ... 2009 8 13 233
    234. outb 2009 8 13 234
    235. int kvm_cpu_exec(){ ... // 461 ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(env, KVM_RUN, 0); 478 switch (run->exit_reason) { 479 case KVM_EXIT_IO: 481 ret = kvm_handle_io(env, run->io.port, 482 (uint8_t *)run + run>io.data_offset, 483 run->io.direction, 484 run->io.size, 485 run->io.count); 486 break; case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: outb .... ... 2009 8 13 235
    236. 2009 8 13 236
    237. IO 2009 8 13 237
    238. User Qemu Program io Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 238
    239. 2009 8 13 239
    240. out 2009 8 13 240
    241. outb %al 2009 8 13 241
    242. outb %al 2009 8 13 242
    243. ( ) 2009 8 13 243
    244. int kvm_cpu_exec(){ ... // 461 ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(env, KVM_RUN, 0); 478 switch (run->exit_reason) { 479 case KVM_EXIT_IO: 481 ret = kvm_handle_io(env, run->io.port, 482 (uint8_t *)run + run>io.data_offset, 483 run->io.direction, 484 run->io.size, 485 run->io.count); 486 break; case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: .... ... 2009 8 13 244
    245. kvm_handle_io cpu_outb ioport_write 2009 8 13 245
    246. static void ioport_write(int index, uint32_t address, uint32_t data) { static IOPortWriteFunc *default_func[3] = { default_ioport_writeb, default_ioport_writew, default_ioport_writel }; IOPortWriteFunc *func = ioport_write_table[index][address]; if (!func) func = default_func[index]; func(ioport_opaque[address], address, data); } ioport_write_table 2009 8 13 246
    247. ( ) 2009 8 13 247
    248. User Qemu Program io Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 248
    249. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 249
    250. User Qemu Program Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 250
    251. 2009 8 13 251
    252. IOCTL CPU 2009 8 13 252
    253. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel 2009 8 13 253
    254. 2009 8 13 254
    255. ... 2009 8 13 255
    256. User Qemu Program IOCTL Linux Guest KVM Kernel Kernel vmlaunch 2009 8 13 vmresume 256
    257. 2009 8 13 257
    258. 378 static int kvm_main_loop_cpu(CPUState *env) 379 { 394 while (1) { 395 while (!has_work(env)) 396 kvm_main_loop_wait(env, 1000); 397 if (env->interrupt_request & (CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD | CPU_INTERRUPT_NMI)) 398 env->halted = 0; // . .... 404 } 405 if (!env->halted && !env->kvm_cpu_state.init) { 406 kvm_cpu_exec(env); // } } 413 } 2009 8 13 258
    259. 2009 8 13 259
    260. Twitter 2009 8 13 260
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