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Mathematics teaching planning

Thingking about content




              Group 8 :

     1. Kartika Candra (A1C010019)
     2. Miftahul Jannah (A1C010020)
      3. Rika Febrianti (A1C010021)
     4. Mariza Elianora (A1C010038)
       5. Eki Rahmad (A1C010042)




  Teacher : Dewi Rahimah, S.Pd.,M. Ed


       Mathematics Education
  Faculty of Teacher and Education
       University of Bengkulu
A. Please give two examples for each type of knowledge in
      teaching mathematics :
    Example 1

a. Declarative Knowledge
        ·   Facts           :   read one quarter or one divided by four

        ·   Concepts        :
            Fractions are numbers presented / displayed in the form

            of   ; a, b integers and b    0

            a is called the numerator and b is called the denominator.
        ·   Principles      :
            For a, b, and c integers where c      0, applies :




b. Procedural Knowledge
       The usage to circle props of fraction :
        A circle, if it is divided into two equal parts, its parts is a half

        with the number symbol       .




        if a circle divided into three equal parts, its parts is a third with

        the number symbol       .




        Do the same things for the fraction
Example 2

a. Declarative Knowledge
       · Facts         : 2 is symbol or notation of number 2
        ·    Concepts            :
             Integers consist of natural numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, ...) and
             negative (-1, -2, -3, …). Integer can be written without a
             decimal or fractional parts.
        ·    Principles          :
             Suppose a and b are two integers with the condition a ≠ 0.
             We claim that a low divide b (a divides b) if there is an
             integer c such that:
             b = ac.
             Notation: a | b if b = ac, c ∈ Z and a ≠ 0. (Z = set of
             integers).



b. Procedural Knowledge
       Integer operation by using the number line.
        Example: 3 + 2 - 7 = . . . ?
        1. Place one point at point 3.



        -5     -4      -3   -2       -1   0   1   2    3      4      5




        2. From that point, move to the right 2 steps.

                                                           2 Steps




        -5     -4      -3   -2       -1   0   1   2    3      4      5
3. then take another step to the left 7 steps.


                                                 7 Steps




               -5   -4    -3       -2   -1   0   1     2   3   4    5




              It appears that the end point at the point -2
              so, 3 + 5 – 7 = -2




          B. Please give one example for each way in creating a diversity
             responsive curriculum in teaching mathematics :

          a. Teach content about diversity


    · Select objectives that focus on developing skills for a diverse
    world
      For example :
    For coaching students‟ in problem solving. So, material that suit with
    this purpose is tower of hanoi.
    ·    Consider using carrier content related to diversity when teaching
    any subject matter




          b. Teach content that is complete and inclusive
·       Include all contributors, voices, and perspectives when teaching
    subjects
    1. Contributors       : student asked by teacher to calculated from 1
          untill 10 in understanding natural numbers or teacher ask to student
to mention kind of numbers. For example : maybe any student that
       call odd numbers and numbers that any in odd numbers.
       Voices          : teacher ask student to out their voice.
       Perspectives    : student think the natural number that possible to
       continue untill teacher stopped.


·   Emphasize similarities, avoid focusing only on differences
    Example: in the class, 8 student was born in 1991 and 5 student was born
    in 1992. We will form a group consist 6 students.in order to similarity
    and balance,we decide to devide a group with composition 3 students
    was born in 1991 and 3 students was born in 1992. Find how to choice
    the student to form a group.


    Answer:
       3 students choice from 1991 that composition 8 students
       We use combination




                 3 students choice from 1992 that composition 5 students




       So, the ways to choice the students to form a group is
       56 x 10 = 560 ways.


·   To be thorough in your coverage of topics
c. Connect the content taught to students’ live


·   Select examples, images, and metaphors connected to students’
    experienced and cultural backgrounds
    1. a. Examples that connected to students‟ experienced and cultural
       backgrounds :
       A car move from bengkulu to curup, with velocity v m/s. At t second,
       velocity of car show with equation v = 10-t. At t=2 second, position of
       car at distance 30 m from initial point. Find the position car (s) as
       time function of t.


       b. Images that connected to students‟ experienced and cultural
    backgrounds :
       we can using power point learning to teach to student, for example in
    up opportunities material props. And we included image coin to the
    slide. Or at time teacher give geometry material, teacher include book
    picture (with condition rectangle form) to explain rectangle in real
    concept.


·   Learn about your students’ cultural backgrounds and about the
    community in which you teach.




·   Consider skill diversity.
    If all of us to be teacher, in learning integral (example) for students
    that have good skill in understand concept. We give question more with
    purpose our student not “BORED”, because for students‟ that have
    capacity more sometime their no want to finded material or question
    that always be „SAME‟. They want to something that “CHALLENGE”. And
for students‟ that have a short understanding concept, we gived student
    guidance more to make their skill envolved.




·   Engage students by using content based on their interests.
    In this statment. Our group take an example about unit props. This props
    have utility to show numbers and simple operation at natural numbers,
    as like addition and subtraction.
    This props have picture that interest and colourfull, and can making
    student spirit in lesson study. And we could gived student collected
    props, we can using baloon, varian ball that colourfull in understanding
    relation concept between two of numbers. Or we can make students‟
    interested with engaged student to the nature or history palace, for
    example in trigonometry learning in material elevation angle. We bring
    student to the Padang and measure elevation of Gadang O‟clock.


·   Help students learn the skills that will allow them to learn more
    efficiently.
find value of x and y from equation bellows :
    2x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 3
    Answer :
    Using subtitution term :
    Firstly, make the equation on the top with simple equation with make
    first equation in y form.
    Y = 6 – 2x then, this equation subtituted to second equation. So, we can
    finded
    X + 2(6-2x) = 3
    X + 12 – 4x = 3
    12 – 3x = 3
    -3x = -9
    X = 3 and we get value of y with subtituted value of x to first equation
2(3)+ y = 6
6 + y = 6 so, we get y = 0


Using elimination term




So, we can conclude from both of term that often using to find value of
variabel x and y. It‟s that subtitution and elimination. And for student
will be happen simple work if our student using elimination term. But, in
this learning we can‟t pressure our student. Because they have thinked
that diversity in receive material and application material in matter.
C. Please give two examples for each level understanding in
      teaching mathematics :
Material: trigonometry (Cartesian diagram)
   1. Provide knowledge about the material trigonometry rectangular
       coordinate
   2. Teachers give students direct practice using props board plots
       that have been there the axes x and y axis. for example: students
       are given the task to find the Cartesian coordinates of a point P
       (2,1) Q (5.1) S (2.4) T (5.4). After that, students are asked to
       connect the dots forming a field.
   3. Teachers told some of the students for future advanced practice
       what the teacher had taught earlier. If you need all of the
       students understand. So, if indeed all the students have to
       understand and comprehend the novel can be said to have
       succeeded in giving knowledge teacher learning materials to the
       students.


Material: geometry (counting the corner)


   1. Teachers expressed purpose of learning, motivating learners by
      providing an explanation of the importance of studying this
      material, as well as providing knowledge about the material
      geometry to calculate the angle.
   2. Teachers give students practice directly by using props such as a
      ruler, and a big bow huge run to calculate the angle. Example:
      acute    angle,    obtuse     angle    and    a    right   angle.
      Students are given the task to calculate the angle for example the
      right angle. The teacher gives the picture a triangle made of two
perpendicular lines, then the students were told to count the
      corners,
   3. Teachers told some of the students to come forward to put into
      practice what the teacher had taught earlier. If you need all of
      the students understand. So, if indeed all the students have to
      understand and comprehend the novel can be said to have
      succeeded in giving knowledge teacher learning materials to the
      students.




   D. Please give one example for each analysis in teaching
      mathematics :


a) Subject matter outlines:
Calculate the circumference of a triangle and a rectangle wake

Calculate the area of triangles and rectangles wake




b) Concept analysis:
1. Students are given examples of the triangular and rectangular shape

2. Then students look for examples that include triangular and
rectangular and non-examples.

3. From the examples of existing definitions learners analyze the
properties of triangles and rectangles and triangular elements and
rectangular.

4. Teachers guide students to understand the steps to find the formula
for the area and circumference of a triangle and a rectangle.
5. From this formula the student can then calculate the area and
perimeter get up triangles and rectangles.



c) Principles Statement
Students find the relationship between the circumference of the triangle
and the square-up and the relationship between the area of a triangle
and rectangular-up of activities carried out experiments, that of the
circumference of two triangles nagun didapatlah get up around the
square. And from extensive two broad didaptlah get up get up in the
square triangles.

d) Task Analysis

1.   Student   conduct experiments to        know the   formula of   the
circumference around the quadrilateral triangle. Student activities step
by step in accordance with the teacher taught.

2. Student conduct extensive experiments to know the formula
quadrilateral get up get up when it is widely known triangle. Student
activities step by step in accordance with the teacher taught.

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Task 2 PPM - Group 8 - Thinking about Content

  • 1. Mathematics teaching planning Thingking about content Group 8 : 1. Kartika Candra (A1C010019) 2. Miftahul Jannah (A1C010020) 3. Rika Febrianti (A1C010021) 4. Mariza Elianora (A1C010038) 5. Eki Rahmad (A1C010042) Teacher : Dewi Rahimah, S.Pd.,M. Ed Mathematics Education Faculty of Teacher and Education University of Bengkulu
  • 2. A. Please give two examples for each type of knowledge in teaching mathematics : Example 1 a. Declarative Knowledge · Facts : read one quarter or one divided by four · Concepts : Fractions are numbers presented / displayed in the form of ; a, b integers and b 0 a is called the numerator and b is called the denominator. · Principles : For a, b, and c integers where c 0, applies : b. Procedural Knowledge The usage to circle props of fraction : A circle, if it is divided into two equal parts, its parts is a half with the number symbol . if a circle divided into three equal parts, its parts is a third with the number symbol . Do the same things for the fraction
  • 3. Example 2 a. Declarative Knowledge · Facts : 2 is symbol or notation of number 2 · Concepts : Integers consist of natural numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, ...) and negative (-1, -2, -3, …). Integer can be written without a decimal or fractional parts. · Principles : Suppose a and b are two integers with the condition a ≠ 0. We claim that a low divide b (a divides b) if there is an integer c such that: b = ac. Notation: a | b if b = ac, c ∈ Z and a ≠ 0. (Z = set of integers). b. Procedural Knowledge Integer operation by using the number line. Example: 3 + 2 - 7 = . . . ? 1. Place one point at point 3. -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 2. From that point, move to the right 2 steps. 2 Steps -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
  • 4. 3. then take another step to the left 7 steps. 7 Steps -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 It appears that the end point at the point -2 so, 3 + 5 – 7 = -2 B. Please give one example for each way in creating a diversity responsive curriculum in teaching mathematics : a. Teach content about diversity · Select objectives that focus on developing skills for a diverse world For example : For coaching students‟ in problem solving. So, material that suit with this purpose is tower of hanoi. · Consider using carrier content related to diversity when teaching any subject matter b. Teach content that is complete and inclusive · Include all contributors, voices, and perspectives when teaching subjects 1. Contributors : student asked by teacher to calculated from 1 untill 10 in understanding natural numbers or teacher ask to student
  • 5. to mention kind of numbers. For example : maybe any student that call odd numbers and numbers that any in odd numbers. Voices : teacher ask student to out their voice. Perspectives : student think the natural number that possible to continue untill teacher stopped. · Emphasize similarities, avoid focusing only on differences Example: in the class, 8 student was born in 1991 and 5 student was born in 1992. We will form a group consist 6 students.in order to similarity and balance,we decide to devide a group with composition 3 students was born in 1991 and 3 students was born in 1992. Find how to choice the student to form a group. Answer: 3 students choice from 1991 that composition 8 students We use combination 3 students choice from 1992 that composition 5 students So, the ways to choice the students to form a group is 56 x 10 = 560 ways. · To be thorough in your coverage of topics
  • 6. c. Connect the content taught to students’ live · Select examples, images, and metaphors connected to students’ experienced and cultural backgrounds 1. a. Examples that connected to students‟ experienced and cultural backgrounds : A car move from bengkulu to curup, with velocity v m/s. At t second, velocity of car show with equation v = 10-t. At t=2 second, position of car at distance 30 m from initial point. Find the position car (s) as time function of t. b. Images that connected to students‟ experienced and cultural backgrounds : we can using power point learning to teach to student, for example in up opportunities material props. And we included image coin to the slide. Or at time teacher give geometry material, teacher include book picture (with condition rectangle form) to explain rectangle in real concept. · Learn about your students’ cultural backgrounds and about the community in which you teach. · Consider skill diversity. If all of us to be teacher, in learning integral (example) for students that have good skill in understand concept. We give question more with purpose our student not “BORED”, because for students‟ that have capacity more sometime their no want to finded material or question that always be „SAME‟. They want to something that “CHALLENGE”. And
  • 7. for students‟ that have a short understanding concept, we gived student guidance more to make their skill envolved. · Engage students by using content based on their interests. In this statment. Our group take an example about unit props. This props have utility to show numbers and simple operation at natural numbers, as like addition and subtraction. This props have picture that interest and colourfull, and can making student spirit in lesson study. And we could gived student collected props, we can using baloon, varian ball that colourfull in understanding relation concept between two of numbers. Or we can make students‟ interested with engaged student to the nature or history palace, for example in trigonometry learning in material elevation angle. We bring student to the Padang and measure elevation of Gadang O‟clock. · Help students learn the skills that will allow them to learn more efficiently. find value of x and y from equation bellows : 2x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 3 Answer : Using subtitution term : Firstly, make the equation on the top with simple equation with make first equation in y form. Y = 6 – 2x then, this equation subtituted to second equation. So, we can finded X + 2(6-2x) = 3 X + 12 – 4x = 3 12 – 3x = 3 -3x = -9 X = 3 and we get value of y with subtituted value of x to first equation
  • 8. 2(3)+ y = 6 6 + y = 6 so, we get y = 0 Using elimination term So, we can conclude from both of term that often using to find value of variabel x and y. It‟s that subtitution and elimination. And for student will be happen simple work if our student using elimination term. But, in this learning we can‟t pressure our student. Because they have thinked that diversity in receive material and application material in matter.
  • 9. C. Please give two examples for each level understanding in teaching mathematics : Material: trigonometry (Cartesian diagram) 1. Provide knowledge about the material trigonometry rectangular coordinate 2. Teachers give students direct practice using props board plots that have been there the axes x and y axis. for example: students are given the task to find the Cartesian coordinates of a point P (2,1) Q (5.1) S (2.4) T (5.4). After that, students are asked to connect the dots forming a field. 3. Teachers told some of the students for future advanced practice what the teacher had taught earlier. If you need all of the students understand. So, if indeed all the students have to understand and comprehend the novel can be said to have succeeded in giving knowledge teacher learning materials to the students. Material: geometry (counting the corner) 1. Teachers expressed purpose of learning, motivating learners by providing an explanation of the importance of studying this material, as well as providing knowledge about the material geometry to calculate the angle. 2. Teachers give students practice directly by using props such as a ruler, and a big bow huge run to calculate the angle. Example: acute angle, obtuse angle and a right angle. Students are given the task to calculate the angle for example the right angle. The teacher gives the picture a triangle made of two
  • 10. perpendicular lines, then the students were told to count the corners, 3. Teachers told some of the students to come forward to put into practice what the teacher had taught earlier. If you need all of the students understand. So, if indeed all the students have to understand and comprehend the novel can be said to have succeeded in giving knowledge teacher learning materials to the students. D. Please give one example for each analysis in teaching mathematics : a) Subject matter outlines: Calculate the circumference of a triangle and a rectangle wake Calculate the area of triangles and rectangles wake b) Concept analysis: 1. Students are given examples of the triangular and rectangular shape 2. Then students look for examples that include triangular and rectangular and non-examples. 3. From the examples of existing definitions learners analyze the properties of triangles and rectangles and triangular elements and rectangular. 4. Teachers guide students to understand the steps to find the formula for the area and circumference of a triangle and a rectangle.
  • 11. 5. From this formula the student can then calculate the area and perimeter get up triangles and rectangles. c) Principles Statement Students find the relationship between the circumference of the triangle and the square-up and the relationship between the area of a triangle and rectangular-up of activities carried out experiments, that of the circumference of two triangles nagun didapatlah get up around the square. And from extensive two broad didaptlah get up get up in the square triangles. d) Task Analysis 1. Student conduct experiments to know the formula of the circumference around the quadrilateral triangle. Student activities step by step in accordance with the teacher taught. 2. Student conduct extensive experiments to know the formula quadrilateral get up get up when it is widely known triangle. Student activities step by step in accordance with the teacher taught.