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Grid 2.0- Electricity2 0 Etech Primer.Key

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  • + levitt Mark Levitt 9 months ago
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Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.



Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.

Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.

Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.

Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.

Lots of LANS, not a WAN  



Most country grids are isolated, i.e. not connected to other countries
 
Lots of Grids operated by hundreds of different companies - even within the US!



In the US about 200,000 miles of power lines are divided among 500 owners. 
 



 
Big transmission upgrades often involve multiple companies, many state governments and numerous permits

Most electricity companies don't allow you to sell electricity back to the grid and are only interested in selling you electricity.

Highly regulated and controlled by a select few companies in any market

Blackouts/brownouts are not uncommon

Alternative \"Dumb!\" image - may be more appropriate for the Berlin crowd!

Closed as in it is very difficult for micro-generators to add energy they generate to the grid

Designed for a situation where supply is constant and controllable but demand is variable but predictable
 



Now with the requirement of adding renewables - 
Supply is becoming variable and unpredictable
 



With supply and demand both variable comes increased instability - remember you can't store surplus and under-supply => brownouts or blackouts



We are moving from an era of: flexible electricity supply feeding inflexible but predictable demand 
 
to one of :
inflexible supply. 
 
We must therefore introduce some flexibility into our demand.

 
Buggy:
CA rolling brownouts
and
East Coast \"cascading failure\"



To name just two!

 
Buggy:
CA rolling brownouts
and
East Coast \"cascading failure\"



To name just two!

 
Buggy:
CA rolling brownouts
and
East Coast \"cascading failure\"



To name just two!

This is the Spanish Electricity market



At the time this screenshot was taken wind was producing 5gW (or 17.4% of demand).



In January 2008 there was 15.1gW of installed wind energy facilities in Spain.



The govt has committed to increasing this to 20gW by 2010.



In contrast there is currently 400mw of solar plant installed in Spain






Source - Red Eléctrica de Espańa (ree.es)

Supply of renewables is often almost exactly out of synch with demand



Wind typically blows strongest overnight when energy demand is lowest









Source - Eirgrid.ie

In Ireland in 2007 wind's contribution varied from 0GW to 0.9GW.



Or from 0% of demand to almost 50%



The yearly average was 6.5%



The Irish govt has committed to going to 30% by 2020.



At that time the 50% figure above will have moved to 200%



Without storage, what do you do with surplus 3GW?



Source - Eirgrid.ie

In Ireland in 2007 wind's contribution varied from 0GW to 0.9GW.



Or from 0% of demand to almost 50%



The yearly average was 6.5%



The Irish govt has committed to going to 30% by 2020.



At that time the 50% figure above will have moved to 200%



Without storage, what do you do with surplus 3GW?



Source - Eirgrid.ie

It is not as if you can store surplus electricity - put it in a box and stick it on a shelf until there is a higher demand!

Compressed air energy storage - more theory than practice for now.



May work as a storage mechanism for limited amounts of energy.



Large capital cost and requires certain geological structures (large caverns underground)

Pumped hydro storage is a mature technology



However large capital cost (€ billions)



Requires specific geological conditions (two lakes separated by about 400m height)



Amt of storage dictated by geography not by needs!

Wind energy being shut down by the grid operators



- in favour of fossil fuels!



Cheaper to shut down wind farms (no shut down and startup costs) and can be done quickly.



Approx 600 MW hours of energy was shed in this event. 
 
A quick calculation says that about 100 tons of carbon dioxide could have been displaced by using that energy. 
 
And the wind farms that were curtailed lost €40,000 in revenue for this one event.



This

This is Maple ridge Wind Farm in NY and it is curtailed at times of excess energy.

Join up disparate, disconnected electrical grids to give us one global electricity super-grid like the Internet



Work is already underway on a scaled down version of this just encompassing EMEA
 
The Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) was founded in 2003 by The Club of Rome, the Hamburg Climate Protection Foundation and the National Energy Research Center of Jordan (NERC). 



TREC, together with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) has developed the DESERTEC Concept and completed the necessary research. 
TREC is now making this concept a reality in cooperation with people in politics, industry and the world of finance.



If there is no wind blowing in Ireland/UK, import geothermal from Iceland and/or solar from North Africa

Turn electricity into a market



Real-time dynamic pricing based solely on supply and demand



In times of heavy supply and light demand electricity v cheap or negative to stimulate demand. Avoids curtailment of renewables.
 
Stimulates usage by unlikely energy stores (swimming pools, refrigeration plants, PHEVs)



When demand heavy and supply light - electricity expensive.
DCs go on diesel generators/battery, refrigeration plants, water heaters adjust thermostats, AC adjusts thermostat



Smart grid publishing realtime pricing connected to 
 
smart meters capable of taking real-time price info and acting on it connected to
 
Cisco in business and even at city level



smart home with smart appliances capable of acting on up/down or on/off instructions depending on varying pricing

using information feedback to alter people’s behaviour

When electricity is in high demand (expensive) it can be cheaper for some facilities to run off their diesel generators than from the grid.



Esp if they can sell power and/or demand side units to the grid - as Amory Lovins calls them NegaWatts

Peak shaving: 
in a domestic situation, on receiving a high price signal, thermostats adjust accordingly to use less power.
 
Immersion thermostat drops a few degrees



Fridges compressors come on at a higher temp



Dishwashers, clothes washers, dryers warn owners of high price when set to wash/dry and offer to work later

Signifies a movement from push -> pull as were have already seen in the Internet

Demand stimulation can be used by swimming pool owners to heat pools when energy is cheap (typically overnight) using water's high thermal capacity as an energy store



By refrigeration plants to create ice/chill foods etc. when energy is cheap



By energy companies to create hydrogen (for burning to create clean energy when energy is expensive)

Demand stimulation:
In a domestic situation storage heaters etc. can be charged up.



As can phones, laptops, etc. 
 
Electric immersion, dish washer, washing machine, clothes dryer, can be programmed to come on at certain price points and/or times



If electricity goes negative in price you could end up being paid to use the power!



Plug-in Hybrid Electric vehicles will be able to take in electricity when it is cheapest (overnight typically) and potentially sell it back to the grid when it is expensive



- thereby becoming a large distributed battery bank!



Hackability











There are NO technical barriers to this being rolled out



Electricity is highly regulated, full of incumbent companies often with near monopolies and no will/incentive to change



Electricity 2.0 will only happen if it is legislated for!











1 Favorite & 1 Event

Grid 2.0- Electricity2 0 Etech Primer.Key - Presentation Transcript

  1. Grid 2.0 Using The Lessons Of the Web To Improve Our Energy Networks ETech 2009 primer webcast 1 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  2. Tom Raftery •Lead analyst, energy and sustainability practice, RedMonk •GreenMonk.net •twitter.com/tomraftery •tom@redmonk.com •+34 677 695 468 2 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  3. Which Switch? 3 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  4. Telecoms Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Alexander_Graham_Bell.jpg 4 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  5. Telecoms Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:1876_Bell_Speaking_into_Telephone.jpg 5 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  6. Telecoms Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Alexander_Graham_Bell.jpg 6 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  7. Telecoms Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Alexander_Graham_Bell.jpg Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/alt1040/2675256698/ 6 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  8. Electricity Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Thomas_Edison.jpg 7 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  9. Electricity Photo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Thomas_Edison.jpg Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/intimaj/111843868/ 7 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  10. Electricity 1.0 - LANs! Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/adambrock/142056834/ 8 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  11. Electricity 1.0 - Read Only Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/ericskiff/2400270056/ 9 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  12. Electricity 1.0 - Top Down Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikedefiant/1949525340/ 10 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  13. Electricity 1.0 - buggy Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/smb_flickr/892015017/ 11 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  14. Electricity 1.0 - Dumb! Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/24691962/ 12 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  15. Electricity 1.0 - Closed! Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/markusschoepke/72431367/ 13 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  16. Electricity 1.0 - Architected for the Past Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/bakewell/35026819/ 14 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  17. Provisioning for Hits Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/hsinho/228010056/ 15 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  18. Provisioning for Hits 16 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  19. Then along comes... Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/hsinho/228010056/ 17 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  20. Renewable energy Source - Red Eléctrica de España (http://www.ree.es) 18 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  21. Renewable energy Source - http://www.eirgrid.ie 19 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  22. Renewable energy Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 5GW max 0.9GW max 2006 6.5% 1.8GW min 0.0GW min 20 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  23. Renewable energy Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 5GW max 0.9GW max 2006 6.5% 1.8GW min 0.0GW min 20 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  24. Renewable energy Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 5GW max 0.9GW max 2006 6.5% 1.8GW min 0.0GW min 20 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  25. Renewable energy - 2020 Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 10GW max 6.3GW max 2020 40% 3.6 GW min 0.0GW min 21 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  26. Renewable energy - 2020 Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 10GW max 6.3GW max 2020 40% 3.6 GW min 0.0GW min 21 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  27. Renewable energy - 2020 Electricity Wind Energy Wind Demand 10GW max 6.3GW max 2020 40% 3.6 GW min 0.0GW min 21 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  28. Storage? Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/spo0ky/420291292/ 22 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  29. Exotic storage solutions Image http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d9/Minebw-large.jpg 23 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  30. Exotic Storage solutions Image http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Pumpstor_racoon_mtn.jpg 24 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  31. Which leads to... Graph - http://www.eirgrid.ie 25 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  32. And this... 26 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  33. Solutions? Make it a big Network! 27 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  34. Use proven principles Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexbip/247333777/ 28 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  35. Use proven principles Data: http://www.synergymodule.com 29 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  36. Infrastructure Requirements Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/2996254784/ 30 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  37. Information Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/2888824539/ 31 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  38. Peak Shaving Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/ronlayters/13237817/ 32 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  39. Peak Shaving in the home Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/andybutkaj/441970348/ 33 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  40. Push => Pull 34 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  41. Demand Stimulation Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/m_alsaleh/2737919108/ 35 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  42. Demand Stimulation in the home Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/pigpogm/320545917/ 36 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  43. The Read/Write Grid Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/cdell/185642911/ 37 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  44. Vehicle to Grid - p2p power? Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/54493249@N00/2243340775/ 38 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  45. Quote I could imagine a smart garage where I would plug in my car and the computer handles it. I could even make money by cost shifting.... It solves energy security, energy prices and job creation...and by the way, climate change. Eric Schmidt CEO Google 39 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  46. To Know Me Is To Change Me Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/dalelane/3148136252/ 40 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  47. To Know Me Is To Change Me Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/tristanf/2627886505/ 41 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  48. To Know Me Is To Change Me Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/dalelane/3074171640/ 42 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  49. Hacking Your Home Electric 43 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  50. Barriers to Participation? Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/gavinandrewstewart/93222089/ 44 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  51. Prosumers The electranet presumes that every citizen is a producer and seller of electricity as well as a consumer of electricity. Jock Gill 45 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  52. Electricity 2.0 • Architecture of Participation • Bottom up and top down • Hackable • Massive routable network • Multiple Sources • New entrants • Open \"API's\" • Publish and Subscribe • Read and Write • Sustainable 46 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  53. Why is this important? As global average temperature increase exceeds about 3.5 degrees C, model projections suggest significant extinctions (40-70% of species assessed) around the globe. 2007 IPCC Climate Change Synthesis Report http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_spm.pdf 47 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  54. Why is this critical? If there’s no action before 2012, that’s too late. What we do in the next two to three years will determine our future. This is the defining moment. Rajendra Pachauri Chair IPCC 48 Thursday, February 19, 2009
  55. Thanks! 49 Thursday, February 19, 2009
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