Introduction To Chemistry A Motivational Lesson

CHEMISTRY ELEMENT, COMPOUND AND MIXTURE

ELEMENT,

COMPOUND

AND

MIXTURE

What is an element ? Element A chemical substance Simplest substance Cannot be decomposed to a simpler substance Built up from one type of atoms only

Element

A chemical substance

Simplest substance

Cannot be decomposed to a simpler substance

Built up from one type of atoms only

ELEMENT Metal Non-Metal (l) (s) (g) (l) (s) (g) – gas (l) – liquid (s) - solid

Examples of Metals ( Sodium ) Na Use : Sodium Lamp

( Sodium )

Na

Use :

Sodium Lamp

Copper Cu Use : Electric Conductor

Copper Cu

Use : Electric Conductor

Calcium Ca Use : Calcium ions needed to form bones and teeth

Calcium Ca

Use : Calcium ions needed to form bones and teeth

Aluminium Al Use: Making of cooking pots and pans

Aluminium Al

Use: Making of cooking pots and pans

Gold ; Aurum Au Use : Jewelry

Gold ; Aurum Au

Use : Jewelry

Iron; Ferum Fe Use : Construction of buildings and bridges

Iron; Ferum Fe

Use : Construction of buildings

and bridges

Lead Pb Uses : Water pipes Pipes for wiring

Lead Pb

Uses : Water pipes

Pipes for wiring

Magnesium Mg Use : Crackers and Fireworks

Magnesium Mg

Use : Crackers and Fireworks

Platinum Pt Use: Jewelry

Platinum Pt

Use: Jewelry

Potassium K Use : Potassium salts - agricultural fertilizers

Potassium K

Use : Potassium salts

- agricultural fertilizers

Silver Ag Use : Jewelry

Silver Ag

Use : Jewelry

Tin Sn Use : Making containers

Tin Sn

Use : Making containers

Zinc Zn Uses : Dry cells; Roofing for houses

Zinc Zn

Uses : Dry cells;

Roofing for houses

Mercury Hg Use : In Thermometers

Mercury Hg

Use : In Thermometers

Examples of Non-Metals Chlorine Cl Use : Killing germs in water supply

Chlorine Cl

Use : Killing germs in water supply

Argon Ar Use : Lighting Bulbs

Argon Ar

Use : Lighting Bulbs

Bromine Br Use : Photography

Bromine Br

Use : Photography

Boron B Use : Making Medicine in pharmacy

Boron B

Use : Making

Medicine in pharmacy

Helium He Use : Filling balloons

Helium He

Use : Filling balloons

Carbon C Diamond & Graphite

Hydrogen H Use: Fuel

Hydrogen H

Use: Fuel

Iodine I Use : Antiseptic

Neon Ne Use : Neon Lights

Neon Ne

Use : Neon Lights

Nitrogen N Use : Liquid Nitrogen –Refrigeration Coolant

Nitrogen N

Use : Liquid Nitrogen –Refrigeration Coolant

Oxygen O Use : Gas for Breathing

Phosphorus P Use : Matches

Silicon Si Use : Computer CPU

Sulphur S Use : Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid

What is a Compound ? A Chemical Consists of 2 or more elements chemically combined Chemical Bond between the particles

A Chemical

Consists of 2 or more elements chemically combined

Chemical Bond between the particles

Examples of Compounds Ammonium Chloride Use : Dry Batteries Constituents : H , N , Cl

Ammonium Chloride

Use : Dry Batteries

Constituents : H , N , Cl

Glucose Use : Carbohydrates Constituents : H , C , O

Use : Carbohydrates

Constituents : H , C , O

Sodium Chloride Use : Flavor for Food Constituents : Na , Cl

Use : Flavor for Food

Constituents : Na , Cl

Calcium carbonate Use : Building material Constituents : Ca , C, O

Use : Building material

Constituents : Ca , C, O

Sulphuric acid Use : Car Accumulator Constituents : H , S , O

Use : Car Accumulator

Constituents : H , S , O

Urea Use : Nitrogeneous Fetilizer Constituents : C , H , O , N

Use : Nitrogeneous Fetilizer

Constituents : C , H , O , N

Copper (II) sulphate Use: Fungicide Constituents : Cu , S , O , H

Use: Fungicide

Constituents : Cu , S , O , H

Potassium nitrate Use : Agricultural Fertilizers Constituents : K , N , O

Use : Agricultural Fertilizers

Constituents : K , N , O

Ethanoic acid Use : Vinegar Constituents : C , H , O

Trichloromethane (Chloroform) Use : Anaesthetic Cost : C , H , Cl

What is a Mixture ? Substance consisting of 2 or more substances physically combined together Components : Elements or/and compounds Components can be separated by physical means

Substance consisting of 2 or more substances physically combined together

Components : Elements or/and compounds

Components can be separated by physical means

Examples of Mixtures Air– Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide, water vapor etc

Soil Constituents : Humus, sand, air, water, minerals etc.

Constituents : Humus, sand,

air, water, minerals etc.

Milk Components : Lactose, water, proteins, vitamins, minerals etc

The End May you learn Chemistry happily and effectively ! With Metta, Bro. Oh Teik Bin

May you learn Chemistry

happily and effectively ! With Metta, Bro. Oh Teik Bin