The imperative to manage print collections collaboratiely

The imperative to manageprint collectionscollaboratielyJames MichalkoVice PresidentOCLC Research Library PartnershipOCLC Research, San Mateo, CaliforniaWith thanks to Lorcan Dempsey and Constance Malpas in OCLC Research

Introduction • OCLC viewpoint – non-profit membership organization serving 72,035 libraries in 171 countries • Serves as the USA national bibliographic infrastructureThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 2with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

WorldCat today 236.7 million records 1.7+ billion holdings 26 July 2011The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 3with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Multilingual WorldCat June 30,2010 Percentage of records Total Records 197 m for non-English materials English 83.7m German 25.2m French 18.1m Spanish 8.2 m Chinese Italian 5.1 m 3.5 m 57.5% Dutch 3.3 m Japanese 3.0 m 2010 Latin 3.0 m Russian 3.0 mThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 4with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Top 10 titles published in Japan, by holdings • Kōdansha. 1993. Japan: an illustrated encyclopedia. Tokyo: Kodansha [1,276 holdings] • Kōdansha. 1983. Kodansha encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha [1,267 holdings] • Malm, William P. 1959. Japanese music and musical instruments. Tokyo: C.E. Tuttle Co [1,153 holdings] • Runkle, Scott F. 1976. An introduction to Japanese history. Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information Press [1,140 holdings] • Lifton, Betty Jean. 1985. A place called Hiroshima. Tokyo: Kodansha International [1,109 holdings] • Peterson, Susan. 1977. The living tradition of a nez. Tokyo: Kodansha International [1,083 holdings] • Michener, James A. 1959. Japanese prints; from the early masters to the modern. Tokyo: C. E. Tuttle Co [1,076 holdings] • Nobukuni, Ichirō, Toshiaki Nakazawa, Toshihisa Watarai, Kundō Koyama, Yōjirō Takita, Masahiro Motoki, Ryōko Hirosue, et al. 2009. Okuribito Departures [DVD]. Tokyo: Tokyo Broadcast System [1,064 holdings] • Sakiya, Tetsuo, and Timothy Porter. 1982. Honda Motor: the men, the management, the machines. Tokyo: Kodansha International [1,046 holdings] • Ikeda, Daisaku. 1977. Buddhism, the first millennium. Tokyo: Kodansha International [1,041 holdings] 60% are from Kodansha International, an English-language imprint of 株式会社講談社 was closed in April 2011The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 5with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

My work • Research Division within OCLC • Provide internal research and development work to advance OCLC products and services • Do work for the library community to deepen public understanding of the changing library system OCLC Research Constituencies • Work primarily with research libraries around the world in the OCLC Research Library Partnership on projects and process changeThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 6with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Perspective What you see depends on where you stand What you see depends on where you sitThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 7with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Where I sit • United States • Informed by Western European developments • System-wide view • Not inside of an operational library • Inform and lead library directions and futureThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 8with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

John Lombardi, President at October ARL meeting • When people ask him for money, he said, his first question is, “What will that project do to make the university more competitive? • “If you can’t persuade me that the work you’re doing is going to make us more famous, we’re not going to be interested in investing in you,” he said. • “Is that wise and profound and good? No. It’s stupid. But that’s the way it is.”The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 9with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Continuing to invest in local print collections… • Does not make your university more competitive or more famous We need to manage our print collections in a more cost-effective and efficient way By sharing our print inventory we can • Transform the library service portfolio • Renew the library value propositionThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 10with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Why is it time? • Information resources are increasingly electronic • What’s on the shelves is not being used • There is already a substantial shared print inventory in existing storage repositories; only a few libraries have a mandate to preserve print locally • Mass digitization projects have created a preservation option and increasingly an access option • Faculty are becoming increasingly comfortable with remote access • There are more valued uses of the space for teaching and learning • Must establish library value around service not books and collectionsThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 11with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

The shift to electronic is nearly complete Academic Library Expenditures on Purchased and Licensed Content 90% Projected change 80% 70% 60% Print books and journals 50% E-journals and e-books 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 98 00 02 04 06 08 14 20 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20Chart created by OCLC Research derived from : National Clearinghouse on Educational Statistics, 1998-2008The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 12with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Chart created by OCLC Research 90 Alberta Auburn 80 Johns Hopkins % of Library Materials Spending on Electronic Resources 70 Majority of research libraries shifting toward e-centric acquisitions, service model 60 50 Columbia Michigan 40 Princeton 30 Harvard 20 Yale U Illinois, Chicago 10 Shrinking pool of libraries with mission and resources 0 to sustain print preservation as ‘core’ operation – 25? 0 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000 30,000,000 35,000,000 40,000,000 45,000,000 Library Materials Expenditures – derived from ARL 2008-2009 statisticsThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 13with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

What’s on shelves is not being used http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/ohiolink/default.htm USAGE DISTRIBUTION FROM OhioLINK 20 year study 100% 80% Annual Circulation 60% 40% 20% 455,000 6.5% 0% 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Number of ManifestationsThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 14with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Annual Circulation Rates OhioLINK http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/ohiolink/default.htm - by subject 0.20 This is about 4 circulations 0.15 In 20 years This is about 2 circulations In 20 years 0.10 0.05 0.00 Arts & Recreation Business & Economics & Geography History Language & Literature & Technology Science Social Science Medicine LawThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 15with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Duplication Rate – OhioLINK http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/ohiolink/default.htm libraries Average No. of Copies 4.5 Publication DateThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 16with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

… the books have left the building 140,000,000 Built Capacity in Volume Equivalents (2007) 120,000,000 100,000,000 80,000,000 60,000,000 40,000,000 In North America, +70M volumes off-site (2007) 20,000,000 ~30-50% of print inventory at many major universities 0 1982 1986 1987 1992 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Growth in library storage infrastructure$4.25 US per volume per year to store on-premise OCLC Research graphic derived from L. Payne (OCLC, 2007)The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 17with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Has 8.5 million volumes Built new library extension Dense storage and robotic retrieval Can fit an additional 3.5 million volumesVery small number of institutions whocan do this and for whom this is adistinguishing competitive positionThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 18with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Mission: To build a reliable and increasingly comprehensive digital archive of library materials converted from print that is co-owned and managed by a number of academic institutions Currently Digitized • 9,727,376 total volumes • 2,655,044 volumes (~27% of • 5,162,277 book titles total) in the public domain • 256,600 serial titles • 3,404,581,600 pages • 436 terabytes • 115 miles • 7,903 tons Japanese 184,347 titles Statistics from website on 30 October 2011The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 19with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

80% Duplication of ARL University Library Holdings in HathiTrust Digital Library 70% Jun-09 Jun-10 Jun-11 60% 50% % of Titles Duplicated Median duplication in June 2011: 36% 40% 30% Median duplication in June 2010: 31% 20% 10% Median duplication in June 2009: 19% 0% 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Rank in ARL Investment Index (2007-2008)The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 20with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

180,000 Coverage of Japanese literature in 160,000 mass-digitized corpus is [still] growing 140,000 120,000 June ‘11 Titles / Editions 100,000 80,000 Last time we met… 60,000 Japanese language titles 40,000 Titles published in Japan 20,000 0 Mar-10 Jun-10 Mar-11 Jun-11 Nov-10 Nov-09 Jan-10 Apr-10 Jan-11 Apr-11 Sep-09 Oct-09 Feb-10 Aug-10 Sep-10 Oct-10 Feb-11 Dec-09 Jul-10 Dec-10 May-10 May-11OCLC Research. Analysis based on WorldCat and HathiTrust snapshots, data current as of June 2011 The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 21 with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

. . . yet digitized Japanese literature remains largely inaccessible to US audience N = 175,057 Japanese language titles in HathiTrust Digital Library in October 2011 97% 170,132 titles 3% 4,925 titles US public domain In copyrightOCLC Research. Analysis based on WorldCat and HathiTrust snapshots, data current at October 2011The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 22with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Faculty want libraries to buyThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 23with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Moving the print – they understandThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 24with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Why shared print? Shift in scholarly attention from print to electronic means low-use retrospective print collections are perceived to deliver less library valueCompeting demands for library space: teaching, learning, collaborationvs. “warehouse of books” Among academic libraries, a shrinking pool of institutions with mandate and the capacity to support print preservationAs operational costs for managing legacy print collectionsdecrease, libraries will seek to outsource print operations to sharedrepositoriesThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 25with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

Market trying to emerge What does my library have that could be sourced elsewhere? A market trying to emerge Shared Print Libraries as Need Providers •Business infrastructure Consumers•Print Repositories •Demand aggregation•Distributed Print Archives•P.O.D. – institutions & vendors The Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 26 with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

What you see depends on where you standThe Coordinating Committee of Japanese University Libraries 27with support of Japan Library Association University Libraries Division 11 November 2011

The imperative to manage print collections collaboratiely

by OCLC Research on Nov 20, 2011

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

The imperative to manage print collections collaboratiely Presentation Transcript