Plagiarism numlnotes@gmail.com

What Does Plagiarism Mean?What do you think plagiarism means?Brainstorming

All of the following are considered plagiarismTurning in someone else's work as your own. Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit.Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not .

Formal Definition of Plagiarism“The action or practice of taking someone else's work, idea, etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft.”From Oxford English Dictionary Online.

Formal Definition of Plagiarism 2“Derived from the Latin word plagiarius (“kidnapper”)… [p]lagiarism involves two kinds of wrongs. Using another person’s ideas, information, or expressions without acknowledging that person’s work constitutes intellectual theft. Passing off another person’s ideas, information or expressions as your own to get a better grade or gain some other advantage constitutes fraud” (66).From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

Formal Definition of Plagiarism 3“Concealment is at the heart of plagiarism” (17).From TheLittle Book of Plagiarism by Richard Posner.

Bottom Line for PlagiarismSo, simply put, plagiarism is Academic/ Intellectual:TheftFraudConcealmentUnethical

What Does Plagiarism result in?Concrete consequences.Fail the assignment.Fail the course.“Written reprimand” (28).“Disciplinary probation” (28).“Suspension” (28).“Expulsion” (29).“Other sanctions”

Types of plagiarism Sources Not CitedThe Ghost Writer The Photocopy The Poor Disguise The Labor of Laziness The Self-Stealer

Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized)The Forgotten Footnote The MisinformerThe Too-Perfect ParaphraseThe Resourceful Citer The Perfect Crime

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OTHER TYPES OF PLAGIARISM Copy and Paste PlagiarismWord Switch PlagiarismMetaphor PlagiarismIdea PlagiarismReasoning Style/Organization PlagiarismData Plagiarism

Unintentional Plagiarism“Presenting an author’s exact wording without marking it as a quotation is plagiarism, even if you cite the source” (70).Writing papers in another language.If you maintain the structure of the original sentence when you translate, that’s plagiarism (70).From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

Unintentional Plagiarism 2Writing about an idea that you think is original.Do a thorough literature review (i.e. research) on your topic to be sure.Writing about an idea that you had before you read about it in one of your sources.You still have to reference the source -- that author got to the idea before you did!

Intentional PlagiarismSubmitting a “paper written by someone else” (70).Buying a paper online.Borrowing a paper from a classmate/ senior who took your course previously.Asking someone else to write the paper for you.From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

Intentional Plagiarism 2Word-for-word copyingCopying and pasting from a source andNot using quotation marksNot fully documenting the source (i.e. cited and referenced).Copying and pasting from a source andNot using quotation marksReferencing the source in your bibliographyNot citing the source in your written text.Copying and pasting from a source andNot using quotation marksReferencing the source in your bibliographyCiting the source using a footnote.

Intentional Plagiarism 3Paraphrasing offenses.Stealing words:“Repeating or paraphrasing wording” (71) and not fully documenting the source.“Taking a particularly apt phrase (71-2) and not fully documenting the source.Stealing ideas:“Paraphrasing an argument or presenting a line of thinking” (72-3) and not fully documenting the source.From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

ExceptionsWhen Documenting Is UnnecessaryProverbs (73).“Well-known” quotations (73).“Common knowledge” (73).When in doubt, fully document!It’s better to over-cite that under-cite.From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

Exceptions 2Collaborative projects (aka group projects).As long as your professor has approved this.Be specific about who did what on the project to be safe.

Tips on Avoiding PlagiarismStart your research and writing early.If you procrastinate, better to talk to your professor and ask for an extension than plagiarize.Make clear notes.Identify “your ideas” (75).Identify “your summaries of others’ material” (75).Identify direct quotes (75).From MLA Handbook (6th ed.).

Tips on Avoiding Plagiarism 2Double-check all citations and references before turning your research paper in.If, after you turned your paper in, it comes to your attention that you inadvertently plagiarized, talk to your professor.Better to acknowledge the unintentional mistake beforehand.

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