Introduction to Forensics and Steganography by Pardhasaradhi C

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COMPUTER FORENSICS
Process
Rules
Software's
Hardware
Steganography
Some important windows files
Reporting
Sites
Contents :

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Computer Forensics :
It is the application of computer investigation and analysis techniques to gather evidence
It is also called as cyber forensics
Goal :
The goal of computer forensics is to perform a structured investigation while maintaining a documented chain of evidence to find out exactly what happened on a computer and who was responsible for it.
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Preparation
Search and seizure
Acquisition and Authentication
Case storage and Archival
Analysis and Reporting
Stages in digital investigation process
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Rules of computer forensics :
Rule 1 :
Never mishandle Evidence
Rule 2 :
Never trust the subject operating system
Chain of custody
Asset tags
Crime scene details
Ex : Ex :
Avoid Live forensics
Use drive encryption
Check hash value with the image
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Rule 3 :
Never work on original evidence
Rule 4 :
Document Every thing Ex :
Create a bit stream copy
Do not access the file system during imaging
Document the errors while imaging If any
If any errors arise while imaging take another copy
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Clone Vs. image :
To copy or replicate the entire contents of a hard disk drive by creating an image of the hard disk drive. Hard disk drives are often cloned for batch installation on other computers, particularly those on a network, or for use as backups.
Clone :
Image :
Some of the image types are dd,E01,smart,ad1,ISO,NRG, Images are locked format ,these are easy to carry EX: Symantec ghost Clone is used to execute the images Pardhasaradhi.ch

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Access data
MAC times
Modified
Accessed
Created
FTK imager
Password recovery toolkit
Registry viewer
Forensic toolkit
Software Forensic Hub
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Stego suite
Mount image pro
Ultimate forensics Tool kit
Elcomsoft
Helix
DD for Linux

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Devices used for forensics
Shadow device :
write blocker
As an investigative tool, boot the suspect client and connect to their network
Allows read commands to pass but by blocks write commands,
Hardware Forensic Hub :
Faraday bag
The product was designed for E items which would isolate it from the networks
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Wde
Drive wiper
Ex: True crypt
whole disk encryption uses disk encryption software or hardware to encrypt every bit of data that goes on a disk or disk volume. Full Disk Encryption prevents unauthorized access to data storage
Wipe all data off of two drives at up to 8 GB per minute
Automatically unlocks and wipes Host Protected Areas
Cut your drive wiping time in half
Very light weight - less than a pound, plus the laptop style power supply
Simple, fast, portable data destruction
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n|u Steganography is the process of hiding of a secret message within an ordinary message and extracting it at its destination
Steganography
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Alternate Data Streams
(NTFS) New Technology File System allows for Alternate Data Streams
One file can be a link to multiple Alternate Data Streams of files of any size.

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Importance of windows files
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Sam
SYSTEM32COFIG User names User information like last logon count ,last login time.
Ntldr
NTLDR will display the versions of operating systems in a boot menu and waits a specified number of seconds before loading the first in the list
System
This file will help us to know details regarding the USB connected and exact time stamps for drive operations done
index
This file will store all the internet related data cookies, Recent history

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Making a report for forensic case
Executive summary
Detailed activity log
Proof of process
Forensic image processing
Restoration and verification of images
Document evidences discovered during
analysis
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File slack
Terminology used
Data carving
Data carving or File Carving is a powerful tool for recovering files and fragments of files when directory entries are corrupt or missing,
Memory carving is a useful tool for analyzing physical and virtual memory dumps when the memory structures are unknown or have been overwritten.
The data storage space that exists from the end of the file to the end of the last cluster assigned to the file is called "file slack"
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Cluster
Storage of data in fixed length blocks of bytes called clusters. Clusters are essentially groupings of sectors which are used to allocate the data storage area

Sites:
Access data- www.accessdata.com -- ace
LADS - www.heysoft.de
Elcom soft – www.elcomsoft.com
Helix - www.e-fense.com/helix /
Stego suite – www.logon-int.com/product.asp
I2analyst notebook
www.Forensicfocus.com www.computerforensics1.com www.forensics.nl www.blogs.sans.org /computer-forensics/

n|u THANK YOU Pardhasaradhi.ch

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Introduction to Forensics and Steganography by Pardhasaradhi C

by n|u - The Open Security Community on Jul 19, 2010

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Introduction to Forensics and Steganography by Pardhasaradhi C — Presentation Transcript