1. And how to survive to this difficult verb tense
2. It is an action that happened in the past but has
some kind of relation with the present.
4. ++ subject + have / has + past participle
I have cleaned my shoes
She has finished her homework
-- subject + haven’t / hasn’t + past
participle
I haven’t cleaned my shoes
She hasn’t finished her homework
?? have / has + subject + past participle?
Have you cleaned your shoes?
Has she finished her homework?
5. PRESENT PERFECT is used to express personal
experiences when you don’t say exactly when
they happened.
The time expressions ever and never are very
often used with this meaning
6. PRESENT PERFECT is used to describe recent
events without a definite time. The idea of time or
place in the speaker’s mind makes the event recent.
A time expression which emphasizes recentness is
just.
They’ve just got marriedThey’ve just got married
7. ALREADY: We use it in
affirmative sentences to say that
something happened before now
or earlier than expected.
YET: We use it in negative and interrogative sentences to
ask if something that you think is going to happen, has
happened or to say it hasn’t happened.
8. PRESENT PERFECT is used to express actions
that started in the past and continue to the present,
the time period is not finished.
We use for and since with this meaning. We use
for with periods of time and since with points of
time. We use How long? to ask about the duration
of an action.
10. We lived in Glasgow for six years but now we
live in Singapour We’ve lived in Singapour for six years
PAST SIMPLE
We use it to talk about a
finished period of time in
the past.
We also use it to talk about
past experiences when
we specify when they
occurred.
PRESENT PERFECT
We use it to talk about a
period of time from the
past until now.
We also use it to talk about
past experiences but we
don’t mention when they
happened exactly.
11. 1) He is still in the hospital
2) He’s not in the hospital anymore