Working Wikily SSIR Presentation

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    Notes on slide 1

    Not organizations (or markets)Not 2-way partnerships or alliancesInformal networking (cocktail parties)

    Obama has tried a number of interactive Internet applications for his governmentCitizen’s briefing book: initiated during the transition for citizens to submit their ideas to the president. 44,000 proposals and 1.4 million votesEmbarrassing results …. Highest ranking idea was about marijuana legalization (despite being in the middle of two wars and an economic recession) In March, Office of Science and Technology Policy crowd-sourced to see how to best become transparent Got good ideas as well as a bunch of unrelated, pithy debates Currently, Joe Biden and his “middleclass task force” asks for comments from web-users Also,Twitter, youtube, Facebook, Flickr all have whitehouse accounts to disseminate informationPositives of Gov 2.0Expectation that citizens are to be consulted about everything all the timeInternet, in democratizing access to facts and figures, encourages decisions based on facts Negatives of Gov 2.0Extermists (either positive or negative) are more likely to participate, pushing the moderate voice asideEasy to spread lies Groups can simulate support to take over the public voice

    Many upsets in the industry: closures, jobs lost, bankruptcy filings Rocky Mountain News folded; Boston Globe up for sale; SF Chronicle struggling; Seattle PI has gone online-only; Conde Nast closes Portfolio magazineTribune Company filed for bankruptcy reorganization in December 2008; GateHouse Media effectively broke by mid-2008; Journal Register, Philadelphia Newspapers, and the Minneapolis Star-Tribune went into bankruptcy early in 2009.According to the American Society of News Editors, 2,400 full-time professional newsroom jobs were lost at American dailies in 2007 and 5,900 more in 2008.Newspaper ad revenues fallen 23% in last two years.Chart highlights continuing losses in newspaper circulation in the US: Losses accelerated to 4.6 % daily and 4.8% Sunday, in the six months ending 30 Sep 2008. Chart represents aggregate data for US newspapers. Source: Deutsche Bank Securities in “State of the News Media 2009.”Online news consumption increased: number of unique visitors to newspaper websites each month was up 15.8% to 65 million in the third quarter of 2008 over a year earlier.Source: “State of the News Media 2009,” Pew Project for Excellence in Journalism, www.stateofthemedia.org

    Rise of non-profit (esp. investigative) and citizen journalism and new business modelsWeb allows news coverage to be increasingly “hyperlocal” Witness the rise of numerous online publications dedicated to covering only community news: Voice of San Diego, Chi-Town Daily News, MinnPost, New Haven Independent, Arizona GuardianVoice of San Diego: focuses on investigative reporting on local issues in San Diego. Maintains specific geographic focus without state or national coverage. Voice of San Diego, like many, is nonprofit corporation supported by foundations, donors, audience contributions, etc.Increasing popularity of news sites fostering amateur reporters filing pictures, stories, reports on local events: iReport, Twitter, uReportiReport: started by CNN, site contains user-generated content to tell the mainstream media about the “stories [they’re] not used to seeing”Twitter: during Mumbai terrorist attacks, information about militants and bloodshed posted in real time over Twitter News organizations experimenting with non-profit model and new business models, as revenue from traditional sources declines: Huffington Post, ProPublica, Global PostHuffington Post: over concern that layoffs at newspapers stunting investigative journalism, site announced it will collaborate with Atlantic Philanthropies to bankroll a group of investigative journalists (an initial budget of $1.75 million)ProPublica: seeing investigative journalism as being at risk (very expensive to produce), founders started non-profit organization with independent newsroom dedicated to investigative journalism (works with budget of $10 million)Global Post: focuses on international coverage. Content generated by correspondents who are paid in cash and given ownership in company—not staffers. Solicits ideas for stories from readers.“The advent of Internet and interactive web technologies has given rise to a new breed of citizen journalists, who are contributing and making news as the mainstream media.”Merinew, May 2, 2009“There is an option that might make [newspapers] stronger: Turn them into nonprofit, endowed institutions. [This] would enhance newspapers’ autonomy while shielding them from the economic forces that are now tearing them down.”New York Times, January 27,2009

    Top picture: “How to Improve Health for All” competitionBottom picture: “Tracking Trends and Ideas: Meeting Disaster” competition – entry: “Time to Take a Holistic View of disasters**Caption: “Indonesian children smile and cheer as U.S. Navy helicopters fly in purified water and relief supplies to a small village on the Island of Sumatra, Indonesia”

    When Institute started work with Packard two years ago/When Heather was researching her book, few of these books had been written, few blogs existedSince then, there has been an explosion in study of networks, attempt to gain understandingExplosion in blogs (Beth’s blog), books (Clay Shirky), events, training

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    Working Wikily SSIR Presentation - Presentation Transcript

    1. Beijing
      Cambridge
      Chicago
      Delhi
      Dubai
      Hong Kong
      Johannesburg
      London
      Los Angeles
      Madrid
      Manila
      Social Change with a Network Mindset
      Stanford Nonprofit Management Institute
      Oct. 7, 2009
      Heather McLeod Grant
      heather_grant@monitor.com
      Moscow
      Mumbai
      Munich
      New York
      Palo Alto
      Paris
      San Francisco
      São Paulo
      Seoul
      Shanghai
      Singapore
      Tokyo
      Toronto
      This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
      Zurich
    2. Who is the Monitor Institute?
      We are…
      part consulting firm, drawing on the talents of our own dedicated team and the resources of the global professional services firm, Monitor Group.
      part think tank, analyzing and anticipating important shifts in the rapidly changing context that leaders must navigate.
      part incubatorof new approaches. We work with clients and partners to test and prove new models for social impact.
    3. How can Networks Accelerate Social Impact?
      In partnership with the David & Lucile Packard Foundation, Monitor Institute explored the role of social networks and social media in the non-profit sector
    4. Theory: Building Our Knowledge (IP)
      Convened Experts
      Scanned Literature
      Scanning Environment
      Network Resources Inventory
      Case
      Study Research
      ToolsandTraining
      Blog
    5. Action: Pilot Projects
      Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) Networks
      Nitrogen Wiki
      Mapping Networks in Salinas
      Network Effectiveness (ONE) Support
      Farm Bill Network Mapping
    6. Monitor Institute’s Network Practice
      Publications: “Working Wikily 2.0”
      Knowledge
      Building
      Blog: workingwikily.net
      Membership Organizations Research
      Capacity
      Building
      & CoPs
      Net Effectiveness Working Sessions
      Network of Network Funders COP
      Client
      Service
      Integration of Net Effectiveness into TMI toolkit
      Projects with Monitor Institute clients
    7. Objectives for Today’s Presentation
      Share network frameworks and tools that we’ve developed
      Use brief “case studies” to illustrate network approaches
      Help you be more effective in your networks
    8. What are Networks?
      Groups of individuals or organizations connected through meaningful relationships.
    9. We’re most Interested in Networks With…
      Many participants
      Ability to self-organize
      Fueled by new technologies
      Collaborative mindset and behaviors
      Source of photo: http://www.midnightpoutine.ca/archives/flashmob1.jpg
    10. Networks Have Been Around Forever…
    11. New Technologies for Sharing Content…
      …New Online Spaces for Building Relationships
    12. Advances in Our Understanding of Networks…
      “If someone tells you that you can influence 1,000 people, it changes your way of seeing the world.”
      • Dr. James Fowler
    13. …Combined with Established Group Processes
    14. “Working Wikily” = With a Network Mindset
      “… wikis and other social media tools are engendering a new, networked mindset—a way of working wikily—that is characterized by principles of openness, transparency, decentralized decision-making, and distributed action. "
      - Working Wikily 2.0
    15. What Do We Mean by “Working Wikily”?
      Established Ways of Working
      Working Wikily
      • Decentralized
      • Loosely controlled
      • Emergent
      • Open, shared
      • Relational
      • Two-way
      conversations
      • Centralized
      • Firmly controlled
      • Planned
      • Proprietary
      • Transactional
      • One-way
      communications
      Where are you? The answer will be different for different situations
    16. Obama Used Networks to Mobilize 13 M Supporters
      “One of my fundamental beliefs…is that real change comes from the bottom up. And there’s no more powerful tool for grass-roots organizing than the Internet.”
      • Barack Obama
    17. His Administration is Experimenting with Gov. 2.0
      “We live in an age of democratic experimentation — both in our official institutions and in the many informal ways in which the public is consulted”
      • James Fishkin, Stanford political scientist
      Source: Whitehouse.gov; NY Times
    18. 250K Individuals Coordinated Protests
      “Ordinary folks are using the power of the Internet to organize. In the old days, organizing large groups of people required an organization. Now people can coordinate themselves.”
      • Wall Street Journal, April 15, 2009
    19. Twitter “Emboldened” Iranian Election Protesters
      “If anyone had questions about the power of citizen media, those questions were answered by the Iran protests.”
      • HamidTehrani (Iran editor for Global Voices)
      Source: ethanzuckerman.com/blog Twitter, youTube Time Magazine
    20. We’re Witnessing the Death of Old Models…
      “While newspaper circulation has long been in decline, the latest figures show the drop is accelerating…Weekday circulation declined 7.1% for the six months that ended March 31, compared with the previous year.”
      • New York Times, April 27,2009
    21. …And New Models Are Emerging
    22. The Way Our Work Gets Done Is Changing
    23. Nonprofits Need to Find Ways to Work Wikily
      Increasing Number of Nonprofits
      Many Nonprofits Not at Scale
      More Competition for Resources
      82% of Nonprofits operate on less than $1M in budget
      • Center for Nonprofits ‘07
      Networks are one answer for increasing scale, efficiency, coordination, and impact
      Source: “Index of National Fundraising Performance, 2009 First Calendar Quarter Results”, Target Analytics, 2009, Alliance Trends
    24. Networks Can Address Diverse Challenges
      Working Wikily Potential
      Problem
      • Isolation
      • Unmet needs
      • Lack of power
      • Duplication and fragmentation of effort
      • Lack of shared knowledge
      • Untapped talent and wisdom
      • Suboptimal impact and challenges with growth
      • Build community
      • Engage people
      • Advocate for policy change
      • Coordinate resources and services
      • Develop and share knowledge
      • Innovate
      • Get to scale
    25. Build Community
      2008:
      162 Countries
      400,000 Ministers / Priests
      1980:
      205 Members
    26. Engage People
      2008: 400,000 Volunteers in
      104 Countries
      1985:
      Single-site Effort in US
    27. Advocate for Policy Change
      2009: 5+ Million Members
      1998: Email to
      100 friends
    28. Coordinate Resources and Services
      Total Loans
      2009: $66 million
      Total Loans
      2006: $1 million
    29. Develop and Share Knowledge
      14 Countries
      1,300 Trained Volunteers
      Interagency Program
      Integrated Fire Management
    30. Innovate
      “Open Sourcing Social Solutions”
      Internal, Proprietary
      R&D Labs
    31. - EGYPT-
      Get to Scale
      …transformingcommunities through collaborations to address root causes of poverty and homelessness
      Typical HFH country programs produce 200 houses each year
      In Egypt, HFH builds 1,000 houses a year, on average
      Source: Jane Wei-Skillern and Kerry Herman, “Habitat for Humanity—Egypt,” Harvard Business School Cases, October 3, 2006.
    32. Quick Conversations Exercise
      Turn to your neighbor and share:
      A personal network I’m part of and purpose. . .
      A network I’ve worked with professionally. . .
      My biggest questions are…
      Source: June Holley
    33. Understanding Networks
      Source: orgnet
    34. A Typology of Organizing Structures
      Centralized
      • Nonprofit organizations (withoutnetwork structure)
      • Membership organizations
      • Nonprofits with explicit network structure
      • Coalition / Alliance
      • Networks of networks
      • Ad hoc networks
      Decentralized
      Note: These categories often overlap. Most of the examples fit in to multiple categories.
      Developed from: Plastrik and Taylor, “Net Gains,” (2006); Patti Anklam, “Net Work,” (2007); Krebs and Holley. “Building Smart Communities,” (2006).
      Source: orgnet
    35. How Do Movements and Campaigns Relate to Networks?
      Movement
      Campaign
      Network
      A large, informal grouping that brings people together around shared values, and provides strategy and structure for collective action
      An organized effort which attempts to persuade others to change certain ideas, attitudes, practices, or behavior
      Groups of individuals or organizations connected through meaningful relationships
      Choose Justice:
      Campaign to Protect Roe
      Pro-Choice Movement
      Sources: Movement def’n- LokmanTsui on Marshall Ganz (www.lokman.org). Campaign def’n- Kotter Philip, Ned Roberto and Nancy Lee. Social Marketing: Improving the Quality of Life. Movement image - commondreams.org. Network graphics: orgnet.com
    36. Periphery
      Cluster
      Link
      Node
      Core
      Hub
      A Few Helpful Definitions
      Source: Monitor Institute
    37. Social Network Analysis
      Sociograms
      • Anthropologists in 30s
      • Sociologists & Teachers in the 50s
      Source: June Holley
    38. Network Mapping can be Low-Tech…
      Source: June Holley
    39. …Or More High-Tech
    40. What’s Possible from Network Analysis?
      • Visualize the network: see connections
      • Make visible network resources, flow
      • Spark a conversation among participants
      • Diagnose the “health” of a network
      • Assess change in network over time
      Source: June Holley
    41. Salinas Network Mapping Pilot
    42. Network by Organization Type
      Government
      Foundation
      Non-Profit
      For-Profit
      School
      Unknown
      Religious
      Other
      Maps Were Used to Analyze the Network
      A map of the different networks shows fairly loose connections
    43. Barr’s Green and Healthy Building Network: 2005
      Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
    44. The Green and Healthy Building Network: 2007
      Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
    45. Network Diagnosis:Characteristics of Healthy Networks
    46. Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Overview
      Value
      • Clearly articulated give and get for participants
      • Delivers value/ outcomes to participants
      • Trust
      • Diversity
      • High engagement
      Participation
      Form
      • Balance of top-down and bottom-up logic
      • Space for self-organized action
      Leadership
      • Leadership with “network mindset”
      • Distributed leadership
      Connection
      • Strategic communications
      • Ample shared space: on-line and in-person
      Capacity
      • Ability surface & tap network talent
      • Model for sustainability
      Learning & Adaptation
      • Learning-capture
      • Ability to gather and act on feedback
      Helpful Sources: M. Kearns and K. Showalter; J. Holley and V. Krebs; P. Plastrik and M. Taylor; J. W. Skillern; C. Shirky
    47. Leading with a Network Mindset
    48. How is Network Leadership Different?
      Network
      Leadership
      Organizational
      Leadership
      • Role, behavior
      • Collective
      • Facilitation
      • Emergent
      • Relational, connected
      • Bottom-up
      • Process-oriented
      • Position, authority
      • Individual
      • Control
      • Directive
      • Transactional
      • Top-down
      • Action-oriented
      What would it take for you to work more wikily?
    49. Network Leadership Roles
      Organizer
      • Establishes value proposition(s)
      • Establishes first links to participants
      Funder
      • Provides initial resources for organizing the network
      Weaver
      • Works to increase connections among participants
      • May focus on growing the network by connecting to new participants
      • Can be multiple people with formal and informal roles
      Facilitator / Coordinator
      • Helps participants to undertake collective action
      • Ensures flow of information and other resources
      Technology Steward
      • Facilitates the network use of online technology to learn, coordinate, connect or share information together
      Sources: Peter Plastrik and Madeleine Taylor, Net Gains (2006); Beth Kanter; Stephanie Lowell , Building the Field of Dreams (2007); White, Wenger, and Smith, Digital Habitats (2009)
    50. What is the Work of Network Leadership?
      Convene diverse people and groups
      Engage network participants
      Generate collective action
      Broker connections and bridge difference
      Build social capital – emphasize trust
      Nurture self-organization
      Genuinely participate
      Leverage technology
      Create, and protect network ‘space’
      Source: Adapted from Net Work by Patti Anklam (2007) and “Vertigo and the Intentional Inhabitant: Leadership in a Connected World” by Bill Traynor (2009)
      Source of picture: flickr
    51. A Few Challenges Faced by Network Leaders
      Unlearning past behaviors and frameworks
      Engaging and inspiring network participants
      Letting go of control
      Determining network boundaries
      Dealing with information overload
      Making the case; measuring success
      Learning and leveraging new technologies
      Source of images: Cut Throat Communications, Blog.com, Rutgers University RU FAIR, Kodaikanal International School, flickr
    52. Quick Conversations Exercise
      Turn to your neighbor and share:
      Would any of these tools be valuable to help you understand your networks?
      How might you contribute to developing or leading a network?
      What are the barriers to working more wikily?
    53. How Can you Begin to Make the Shift?
      Established Ways of Working
      Working Wikily
      • Decentralized
      • Loosely controlled
      • Emergent
      • Open, shared
      • Relational
      • Two-way
      conversations
      • Centralized
      • Firmly controlled
      • Planned
      • Proprietary
      • Transactional
      • One-way
      communications
      What would it take for you to work more wikily?
    54. Eight Lessons We’re Learning
      Design your experiments around a problem, not the tools
      Experiment a lot, make only new mistakes
      Set appropriate expectations for time and effort required
      Prioritize human elements like trust and fun
      Understand your position within networks
      Push power to the edges
      Balance bottom-up and top-down strategies
      Be open and transparent
    55. So, Whether You’re Launching New Networks…
      Mom’s rising is new organization designed using network principles:
      open, flat, flexible, collaborative, adaptive, fast
    56. …or Transforming Old Organizations…
      AJLI: an older organization using network principles to transform itself
    57. The Choice is Yours
      Board
      Executive
      Director
      VP
      VP
      VP
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      Manager
      MEMBERS
    58. Thank You!
      Additional Resources:
      Networks Resources page on blog
      Barr Foundation
      IISC - collaboration
      Leadership Learning Community
      Thinkers: Clay Shirky, Marshall Ganz, Peter Plastrik & Madeline Taylor, Bill Trainer, June Holley, Marty Kearns, etc.
      Beth’s Blog
      www.beth@typepad.org
      WeAreMedia training
      N-Ten, TechSoup, Net-Squared
      Case Foundation
      New Organizing Institute
      Personal Democracy Forum
      Blog (twitter):
      www.workingwikily.net
      Stanford Continuing
      Studies, Winter ’10
      Website:
      www.monitorinstitute.com

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