09 technical report

Technical Report --NIKHIL JOSHI

Definition
Report is usually a peace of factual writing, based on evidence, containing organized information on a particular topic and/or analysis of that topic.
The word ‘report’ is derived from the Latin term ‘reportare’ which means ‘to bring back’.

Report Writing: Objectives
To present a record of accomplished work
To record an experiment
To record findings and technical specifications
To record schedule and time tables for a long term plan
To document current status
To record and clarify complex information for future reference
To present information to a large number of people (organized info. & recommendations)

Characteristics of Report
- Precision: investigation, analysis & recommendations should be given accurately.
Factual details: helps decision making.
Relevance
Reader orientation
Objectivity of recommendations: no self interest
Simple & unambiguous language
Clarity & brevity
Grammatical accuracy
Special format: cover, title page, table content, list of illustrations, letter of transmittal, appendices
Illustrations: tables, graphs, drawings, charts, maps, photographs
Homogeneity: one topic at a time
Documentation: acknowledgement

Types of Report On the basis of purpose, frequency or mode of reporting, reports can be classified as following: 1- Informative or Analytical (purpose) 2- Periodic or Special (frequency) 3- Oral or Written (mode of presentation)

Informative & Analytical Reports Informative reports focus on documenting new information. (Systematic and coherent manner, Explanatory, No recommendations) Analytical reports assess information in order to propose a course of action. (problem statement, Evolving criteria, Suggesting alternatives and evaluation, Conclusion, Recommendations)

Patterns Inductive method Deductive method

Periodic & Special Reports At regular, prescribed intervals in the usual routine of business. (Annually, Semi-annually, Quarterly, Monthly, Fortnightly, Weekly, Daily) Facts in summarized form, in the lay out of prescribed form, without any recommendation Special reports for single occasion

Oral & Written Reports Depending on mode of presentation. Communicating an impression or observation. All kinds of report carry legal responsibility. Activities and competence of an employee are reflected in reports.

Formats of Report 1-Manuscript (Abstract, Summary, Appendix, Glossary etc.) 2-Letter (to outsiders) (Headings, Illustrations, Footnotes) 3-Memo (to insiders) (Analysis, Conclusion, Recommendations) 4-Preprinted form (Printed form to be filled up)

Prewriting -Understanding the purpose and scope -Analyzing the audience -Investigating the source of information -Organizing the material -Making an outline

Tips Purpose: the objective of your study Scope: extent of coverage Audience: to meet the needs, interests and background of readers. -add or omit information as per need -add examples -use graphics -use cross references

Tips Investigating: searching for material, personal observation, conducting personal or telephonic interviews, preparing and circulating questionnaires Organizing material: order of occurrence, order of importance, or combination of both

Tips Making outline: correct grammar, coordination, decimal numbering, use of words and phrases, headings and sub headings

Elements of Structure of Report Prefatory Parts: 1-Cover page 2-Title page 3-Certificate 4-Acknowledgement 5-Contents 6-List of illustrations 7-Abstract

Elements of Structure of Report Main Text: 8-Introduction 9-Discussion 10-Conclusions 11-Recommendations

Elements of Structure of Report Supplementary Parts: 12-Appendix/Appendices 13-References/Bibliography 14-Glossary

Elements of Structure of Report Optional Elements: 15-Frontispiece 16-Letter of transmittal (objective, scope, methodology, highlights of analysis, important results, significance of your study, suggestions, acknowledgements) 17-Copyright notice 18-Preface 19-Summary 20-Index

Writing a Report -First draft -Use of visual aids Tables: dependent, independent, Phrase table Graphs: Bar, Pie, Scatter, Pictorial, Area Charts: Organization, Flow, -Drawings & Diagrams -Photographs -Maps

Revising, Editing & Proof Reading -Accuracy of facts -Clarity of expression -Overall organization -Adequacy & appropriateness of the contents to meet the objective -Effective expression -Suitability & conformity of illustrations -Grammatical accuracy -Correctness of layout

Conclusion Report is a major form of technical/business/professional communication. It can be the description of an event/situation by a person who witnessed/studied it to the person who did not do so. It can be the description of the conditions that did exist, do exist or likely to exist. It is formal in nature and is written for specific purpose and audience.

T h a n k y o u … n IKHIL j OSHI e-mail: [email_address] [email_address] My Websites: www.nikhiljoshi.co.in www.nikhiljoshi2007.blogspot.com www.gcet-languageclub.blogspot.com

http://gcet-languageclub.blogspot.in	200
http://www.gcet-languageclub.blogspot.com	87
http://gcet-languageclub.blogspot.com	76
http://www.gcet-languageclub.blogspot.in	61
http://elearningthroughblog.blogspot.in	35
http://www.elearningthroughblog.blogspot.in	16
http://www.gcet-languageclub.blogspot.com.br	3
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	1
http://www.gcet-languageclub.blogspot.com.es	1

09 technical report

by Nikhil Joshi on Sep 24, 2011

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

9 Embeds 480

Statistics

09 technical report — Presentation Transcript