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Storytelling with Images:
                   Narrative Art
Terms/Concept:                       Key Monuments:
Ut Pictura                            Theodore Gericault, The Raft
Poesis, diachronic, synchronic, pr      of the Medusa, 1819.
egnant                                Giotto, Scenes from the Life of
moment, monoscenic, sequential,         Christ, Arena
                                        Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305.
continuous, synoptic, simultane       Masaccio, The Tribute
ous, autonomous,                        Money, 1425.
                                      Clifford Possum
                                        Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love
                                        Story, 1978.
                                      Kara Walker, “Darkytown
                                        Rebellion” from My
                                        Complement, My
                                        Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
“Storytelling starts with human history itself;
there is not, nor has there ever
been, anywhere, a group of people without
stories…international, transhistorical, across
cultures, storytelling is just there—a part of life.”
      --Roland Barthes
Types of Stories Told by Images
Mythological
Religious
Literary
Historical
Personal
Allegorical
Ut Pictura Poesis
             “as is painting, so is poetry”
          Image                         Text
 Communicates                Communicates
 Records                     Records
 Expresses                   Expresses
 Evokes a response           Evokes a response
 Synchronic:                 Diachronic:
  experienced all at once.     experienced over time.
Ut Pictura Poesis
               “as is painting, so is poetry”
                                   The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the
                               village, and just as Little Red Riding Hood entered the wood, a wolf
                               met her. Red Riding Hood did not know what a wicked creature he
                               was, and was not at all afraid of him.
                                   'Good day, Little Red Riding Hood,' said he.
                                   'Thank you kindly, wolf.'
                                   'Whither away so early, Little Red Riding Hood?'
                                   'To my grandmother's.'
                                   'What have you got in your apron?'
                                   'Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick
                               grandmother is to have something good, to make her stronger.'
                                   'Where does your grandmother live, Little Red Riding Hood?'
                                   'A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house
                               stands under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just
                               below; you surely must know it,' replied Little Red Riding Hood.
                                   The wolf thought to himself: 'What a tender young creature!
                               what a nice plump mouthful - she will be better to eat than the old
                               woman. I must act craftily, so as to catch both.'
                                   So he walked for a short time by the side of Little Red Riding
                               Hood, and then he said: 'See, Little Red Riding Hood, how pretty the
                               flowers are about here - why do you not look round? I
                               believe, too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are
                               singing; you walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while
                               everything else out here in the wood is merry.'
                                   Little Red Riding Hood raised her eyes, and when she saw the
                               sunbeams dancing here and there through the trees, and pretty
                               flowers growing everywhere, she thought: 'Suppose I take
                               grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would please her too. It is so
                               early in the day that I shall still get there in good time.'



How do artists use synchronic images to represent diachronic
narratives?
Narrative Methods in Art

1. Monoscenic
2. Sequential
3. Continuous
4. Synoptic
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
Narrative Methods in Art

1. Monoscenic     …present only one
                  scene of many to
2. Sequential     represent an entire
3. Continuous     narrative.

4. Synoptic
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
Conventional Story Structure




*A pregnant moment is one part of a larger narrative that serves to
speak for the entire series of events by having structural significance, emotional
impact, or some other means of communicates a sense of the whole story.
*Monoscenic Narratives present only one scene of many
 to represent an entire narrative.




  Climax

Theodore Gericault, The Raft of the Medusa, 1819.
Denouement

Honore Daumier, Rue Transnonain April
15, 1834, 1834.
Narrative Methods in Art

1. Monoscenic     …is the ordered
                  grouping of key
2. Sequential
                  monoscenic
3. Continuous     episodes to convey a
4. Synoptic       diachronic narrative.
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
*Sequential Narrative is the grouping of key
  monoscenic episodes to convey a diachronic narrative.




Art Spiegelman, “The War is Over!”
Maus, Volume 1, 1986.
Bringing of                                  Praying
   the Rods                                     Suitors


Life of the Virgin


   Wedding                                      Raising of
   at Cana                                      Lazarus


   Life of Christ


   The                                          The
   Lamentation                                  Resurrection

 Death of Christ

Giotto, Scenes from the Life of Christ, Arena
Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305.
Narrative Methods in Art

1. Monoscenic     …uses the repetition
                  of figures to convey
2. Sequential
                  multiple scenes of a
3. Continuous     story in a single
4. Synoptic       composition.
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
* Continuous Narrative uses the repetition of figures to
     convey multiple scenes of a story in a single composition.

           1. Christ tells St. Peter to retrieve   3. St. Peter pays the
              the money from a fish.                  tribute collector.
2.
St. Peter retrieves
the money.




Masaccio, The Tribute Money, 1425.
Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well, Vienna
Genesis, early 6th century CE.



                         Rebecca walks
                         to the well.


                                     Rebecca giving
 Water personification               Eliezer water.
Narrative Methods in Art

1. Monoscenic     …like continuous
                  narrative, conveys
2. Sequential
                  multiple scenes
3. Continuous     within a single
4. Synoptic       composition but
                  without the
5. Simultaneous
                  repetition of figures.
6. Autonomous
3. Odysseus and his
                                                    men blind the drunk
                                                    cyclops.

                                                       2. Odysseus gets
                                                          Polyphemus
                                                          drunk.
 1. Polyphemus, the
    cyclops, captures Odysseus
    and eats some of his men.




   *Synoptic Narrative, like continuous narrative, conveys
   multiple scenes within a single composition but without the
   repetition of figures.

Blinding of Polyphemus, Laconian Black-Figure
Kylix, 565-550 BCE.
Narrative Methods in Art
                  …uses culturally significant
1. Monoscenic     symbols and patterns to
2. Sequential     convey a story. These
                  symbols are often used as
3. Continuous     memory cues for oral
                  storytelling.
4. Synoptic
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
*Simultaneous Narrative uses culturally
    significant symbols and patterns to convey a story.




Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1978.
Mervyn Firebrace, Telling a Dreamtime
Story, United Kingdom, c. 2005.
Another Ancestor
                                         Mirage

     women
                        Sugary Leaves
                                                                    Hair on a Spindle
                                              Journey Line
                 Ancestor 1
                                                                               women
                          Water hole
                                                       Water hole

             Honey Ants
     women                    Digging Stick            Ancestor 2

                                                                             women
             Ant Hole




Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1978.
Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1993.
Narrative Methods in Art
                  …is a narrative free from a
1. Monoscenic     text, that the artist creates
2. Sequential     with his or her work. The
                  audience plays a large role
3. Continuous     in reconstructing this
                  narrative.
4. Synoptic
5. Simultaneous
6. Autonomous
Non-Linear Storytelling
Kara Walker, “Slavery, Slavery, Slavery,” from My
Complement, My Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
Kara Walker, “Darkytown Rebellion” from My
Complement, My Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
Kara Walker, Freedom, a Fable: A Curious
Interpretation of the Wit of a Negress in Troubled
Times, 1997.
Interrogating the Narrative
1. What is the story being told? Is it fictional?
   Mythological? Religious? Historical? Autonomous?
2. Does the narrative image consist of a single events or
   a single event?
3. If a single event, what part of the story is being told?
   Climax? Exposition? Denouement? Aftermath?
4. From what point of view is the story being told/ Who
   is telling the story? The Artist? The Viewer? An
   unknown character?
5. How to you, the viewer, form the narrative by either
   your physical or mental position?

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Narrative presentation

  • 1. Storytelling with Images: Narrative Art Terms/Concept: Key Monuments: Ut Pictura  Theodore Gericault, The Raft Poesis, diachronic, synchronic, pr of the Medusa, 1819. egnant  Giotto, Scenes from the Life of moment, monoscenic, sequential, Christ, Arena Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305. continuous, synoptic, simultane  Masaccio, The Tribute ous, autonomous, Money, 1425.  Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1978.  Kara Walker, “Darkytown Rebellion” from My Complement, My Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
  • 2. “Storytelling starts with human history itself; there is not, nor has there ever been, anywhere, a group of people without stories…international, transhistorical, across cultures, storytelling is just there—a part of life.” --Roland Barthes
  • 3. Types of Stories Told by Images Mythological Religious Literary Historical Personal Allegorical
  • 4. Ut Pictura Poesis “as is painting, so is poetry” Image Text  Communicates  Communicates  Records  Records  Expresses  Expresses  Evokes a response  Evokes a response  Synchronic:  Diachronic: experienced all at once. experienced over time.
  • 5. Ut Pictura Poesis “as is painting, so is poetry” The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the village, and just as Little Red Riding Hood entered the wood, a wolf met her. Red Riding Hood did not know what a wicked creature he was, and was not at all afraid of him. 'Good day, Little Red Riding Hood,' said he. 'Thank you kindly, wolf.' 'Whither away so early, Little Red Riding Hood?' 'To my grandmother's.' 'What have you got in your apron?' 'Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick grandmother is to have something good, to make her stronger.' 'Where does your grandmother live, Little Red Riding Hood?' 'A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house stands under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just below; you surely must know it,' replied Little Red Riding Hood. The wolf thought to himself: 'What a tender young creature! what a nice plump mouthful - she will be better to eat than the old woman. I must act craftily, so as to catch both.' So he walked for a short time by the side of Little Red Riding Hood, and then he said: 'See, Little Red Riding Hood, how pretty the flowers are about here - why do you not look round? I believe, too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are singing; you walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while everything else out here in the wood is merry.' Little Red Riding Hood raised her eyes, and when she saw the sunbeams dancing here and there through the trees, and pretty flowers growing everywhere, she thought: 'Suppose I take grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would please her too. It is so early in the day that I shall still get there in good time.' How do artists use synchronic images to represent diachronic narratives?
  • 6. Narrative Methods in Art 1. Monoscenic 2. Sequential 3. Continuous 4. Synoptic 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 7. Narrative Methods in Art 1. Monoscenic …present only one scene of many to 2. Sequential represent an entire 3. Continuous narrative. 4. Synoptic 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 8. Conventional Story Structure *A pregnant moment is one part of a larger narrative that serves to speak for the entire series of events by having structural significance, emotional impact, or some other means of communicates a sense of the whole story.
  • 9. *Monoscenic Narratives present only one scene of many to represent an entire narrative. Climax Theodore Gericault, The Raft of the Medusa, 1819.
  • 10. Denouement Honore Daumier, Rue Transnonain April 15, 1834, 1834.
  • 11. Narrative Methods in Art 1. Monoscenic …is the ordered grouping of key 2. Sequential monoscenic 3. Continuous episodes to convey a 4. Synoptic diachronic narrative. 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 12. *Sequential Narrative is the grouping of key monoscenic episodes to convey a diachronic narrative. Art Spiegelman, “The War is Over!” Maus, Volume 1, 1986.
  • 13. Bringing of Praying the Rods Suitors Life of the Virgin Wedding Raising of at Cana Lazarus Life of Christ The The Lamentation Resurrection Death of Christ Giotto, Scenes from the Life of Christ, Arena Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305.
  • 14. Narrative Methods in Art 1. Monoscenic …uses the repetition of figures to convey 2. Sequential multiple scenes of a 3. Continuous story in a single 4. Synoptic composition. 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 15. * Continuous Narrative uses the repetition of figures to convey multiple scenes of a story in a single composition. 1. Christ tells St. Peter to retrieve 3. St. Peter pays the the money from a fish. tribute collector. 2. St. Peter retrieves the money. Masaccio, The Tribute Money, 1425.
  • 16. Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well, Vienna Genesis, early 6th century CE. Rebecca walks to the well. Rebecca giving Water personification Eliezer water.
  • 17. Narrative Methods in Art 1. Monoscenic …like continuous narrative, conveys 2. Sequential multiple scenes 3. Continuous within a single 4. Synoptic composition but without the 5. Simultaneous repetition of figures. 6. Autonomous
  • 18. 3. Odysseus and his men blind the drunk cyclops. 2. Odysseus gets Polyphemus drunk. 1. Polyphemus, the cyclops, captures Odysseus and eats some of his men. *Synoptic Narrative, like continuous narrative, conveys multiple scenes within a single composition but without the repetition of figures. Blinding of Polyphemus, Laconian Black-Figure Kylix, 565-550 BCE.
  • 19. Narrative Methods in Art …uses culturally significant 1. Monoscenic symbols and patterns to 2. Sequential convey a story. These symbols are often used as 3. Continuous memory cues for oral storytelling. 4. Synoptic 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 20. *Simultaneous Narrative uses culturally significant symbols and patterns to convey a story. Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1978.
  • 21. Mervyn Firebrace, Telling a Dreamtime Story, United Kingdom, c. 2005.
  • 22. Another Ancestor Mirage women Sugary Leaves Hair on a Spindle Journey Line Ancestor 1 women Water hole Water hole Honey Ants women Digging Stick Ancestor 2 women Ant Hole Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1978.
  • 23. Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man’s Love Story, 1993.
  • 24. Narrative Methods in Art …is a narrative free from a 1. Monoscenic text, that the artist creates 2. Sequential with his or her work. The audience plays a large role 3. Continuous in reconstructing this narrative. 4. Synoptic 5. Simultaneous 6. Autonomous
  • 26. Kara Walker, “Slavery, Slavery, Slavery,” from My Complement, My Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
  • 27. Kara Walker, “Darkytown Rebellion” from My Complement, My Oppressor, My Friend, 1997.
  • 28. Kara Walker, Freedom, a Fable: A Curious Interpretation of the Wit of a Negress in Troubled Times, 1997.
  • 29. Interrogating the Narrative 1. What is the story being told? Is it fictional? Mythological? Religious? Historical? Autonomous? 2. Does the narrative image consist of a single events or a single event? 3. If a single event, what part of the story is being told? Climax? Exposition? Denouement? Aftermath? 4. From what point of view is the story being told/ Who is telling the story? The Artist? The Viewer? An unknown character? 5. How to you, the viewer, form the narrative by either your physical or mental position?