1. THE 5 THEMES OF
GEOGRAPHY
MR. WELCH
SOCIAL STUDIES 7

2. GEOGRAPHY

3. GEOGRAPHY
Geography - study of
the Earth and its
inhabitants

4. GEOGRAPHY
Geography - study of
the Earth and its
inhabitants
What’s the problem
with that definition?

5. LOCATION -
“WHERE IS IT?”

6. LOCATION -
“WHERE IS IT?”

7. LOCATION
Location - answers the
question “Where is it?”
Two types:
Absolute Location
Relative Location

8. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
EXACT position on
the Earth
How do we find our
exact position on the
Earth?

9. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Latitude -
Imaginary horizontal lines
that parallel the equator
Equator - Imaginary
line of latitude
1/2 way between
the North and
South Poles
0o Latitude

10. ABSOLUTE LOCATION

11. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -

12. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -
Imaginary vertical lines
that parallel the Prime
Meridian

13. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -
Imaginary vertical lines
that parallel the Prime
Meridian
Prime Meridian - line of
longitude that circles the
Earth from North to
South poles

14. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -
Imaginary vertical lines
that parallel the Prime
Meridian
Prime Meridian - line of
longitude that circles the
Earth from North to
South poles
0o Longitude

15. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -
Imaginary vertical lines
that parallel the Prime
Meridian
Prime Meridian - line of
longitude that circles the
Earth from North to
South poles
0o Longitude

16. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Lines of Longitude -
Imaginary vertical lines
that parallel the Prime
Meridian
Prime Meridian - line of
longitude that circles the
Earth from North to
South poles
0o Longitude

17. ABSOLUTE LOCATION

18. ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Written as a coordinate system -
____o N or S , ____o E or W

19. RELATIVE LOCATION

20. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks

21. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks
Uses cardinal directions

22. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks
Uses cardinal directions
North

23. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks
Uses cardinal directions
North
South

24. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks
Uses cardinal directions
North
South
East

25. RELATIVE LOCATION
Relative Location - describes
where it is in relation to
other places or landmarks
Uses cardinal directions
North
South
East
West

26. RELATIVE LOCATION

27. RELATIVE LOCATION
Need at least 2 places

28. RELATIVE LOCATION
Need at least 2 places
Pittsburgh is ______ of
Scott Township

29. RELATIVE LOCATION
Need at least 2 places
Pittsburgh is ______ of
Scott Township
Ross Township is ____ of
McKees Rocks

30. PLACE -
“WHAT’S IT LIKE?”

31. PLACE -
“WHAT’S IT LIKE?”
THE PHYSICAL AND HUMAN QUALITIES OF AN AREA THAT
MAKE IT UNIQUE FROM OTHER AREAS

32. PLACE

33. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment

34. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains

35. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers

36. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather

37. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather
Human Qualities - things that are traits of the
people

38. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather
Human Qualities - things that are traits of the
people
Language

39. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather
Human Qualities - things that are traits of the
people
Language
Religion

40. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather
Human Qualities - things that are traits of the
people
Language
Religion
Sports Played

41. PLACE
Physical Qualities - things that are traits of the
environment
Mountains
Rivers
Weather
Human Qualities - things that are traits of the
people
Language
Religion
Sports Played
Diets/Food

42. MOVEMENT -
“HOW AND WHY DO WE MOVE
THINGS AROUND THE WORLD?

43. MOVEMENT -
“HOW AND WHY DO WE MOVE
THINGS AROUND THE WORLD?
WHAT MOVES?

44. MOVEMENT -
“HOW AND WHY DO WE MOVE
THINGS AROUND THE WORLD?
WHAT MOVES?
GOODS, PEOPLE, AND IDEAS

45. MOVEMENT

46. MOVEMENT
Goods

47. MOVEMENT
Goods
Trade

48. MOVEMENT
Goods
Trade
How? Planes, Trains, Cars,
Boats

49. MOVEMENT
Goods
Trade
How? Planes, Trains, Cars,
Boats
Exports - items sent out of
a nation by trade

50. MOVEMENT
Goods
Trade
How? Planes, Trains, Cars,
Boats
Exports - items sent out of
a nation by trade
Imports - items brought
into a nation by trade

51. MOVEMENT

52. MOVEMENT
People

53. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations

54. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations

55. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling

56. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling
Ideas

57. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling
Ideas
Religion, Language, Government

58. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling
Ideas
Religion, Language, Government
Newspapers, E-Mail, Cell Phones,
Internet, Twitter, Facebook

59. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling
Ideas
Religion, Language, Government
Newspapers, E-Mail, Cell Phones,
Internet, Twitter, Facebook

60. MOVEMENT
People
Immigration - permanent movement
between nations
Vacations
Schooling
Ideas
Religion, Language, Government
Newspapers, E-Mail, Cell Phones,
Internet, Twitter, Facebook

61. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?

62. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:

63. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans

64. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains

65. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains
Snow

66. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains
Snow
Human Barriers:

67. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains
Snow
Human Barriers:
War

68. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains
Snow
Human Barriers:
War
Language

69. WHAT MAKES MOVEMENT
DIFFICULT?
Physical Barriers:
Oceans
Mountains
Snow
Human Barriers:
War
Language
Lack of Materials

70. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
“HOW DO HUMANS AND THE
EARTH AFFECT EACH OTHER?”

71. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
“HOW DO HUMANS AND THE
EARTH AFFECT EACH OTHER?”
1. HUMANS AFFECT OUR ENVIRONMENT

72. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
“HOW DO HUMANS AND THE
EARTH AFFECT EACH OTHER?”
1. HUMANS AFFECT OUR ENVIRONMENT
2. ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS HUMAN LIFE

73. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS

74. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:

75. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive

76. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling

77. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees

78. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative

79. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution

80. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution
Destruction of Forests

81. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution
Destruction of Forests
Environment affecting humans:

82. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution
Destruction of Forests
Environment affecting humans:
Climate

83. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution
Destruction of Forests
Environment affecting humans:
Climate
Water Sources

84. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Humans affecting environment:
Positive
Recycling
Planting Trees
Negative
Pollution
Destruction of Forests
Environment affecting humans:
Climate
Water Sources
Animal Life

85. REGION
“WHAT TIES AN AREA
TOGETHER?”

86. REGION
“WHAT TIES AN AREA
TOGETHER?”

87. REGIONS

88. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place

89. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:

90. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains

91. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States

92. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States
Sub-Saharan Africa

93. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States
Sub-Saharan Africa
Human Regions:

94. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States
Sub-Saharan Africa
Human Regions:
Spanish Speaking Region

95. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States
Sub-Saharan Africa
Human Regions:
Spanish Speaking Region
Islamic Area

96. REGIONS
Regions - areas that share common physical
or human characteristics with another place
Physical Regions:
Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes States
Sub-Saharan Africa
Human Regions:
Spanish Speaking Region
Islamic Area
***Pittsburgh neighborhoods

97. REGIONS

98. REGIONS
Why divide into regions?

99. REGIONS
Why divide into regions?
Helps to determine how
areas interact with one
another