The document discusses the Scrum framework for agile project management, including its history, key roles like the Product Owner and Scrum Master, and ceremonies like sprints, daily stand-ups, sprint reviews, and retrospectives. It also provides an example of using Scrum to build a LEGO farm by estimating story points, planning sprints, demonstrating work at the end of each sprint, and reflecting on lessons learned. The goal is to iteratively deliver working increments of the farm in short cycles with inspection and adaptation.

1. Scrum: Sprints not Marathons
Andrew Male
University of Bath

2. History
• 1995 Ken Schwaber & Jeff Sutherland design Scrum
• 2001 Agile Manifesto
• 2001 Schwaber & Mike Beedle co-author Agile Software Development
with Scrum
• 2006 Scrum Alliance became a legal entity

3. Agile
• The term covers a set of ideals or aims “Agile Mainfesto”
• Iterative and Incremental
• Empirical approach
• Inspect and adapt
• Embrace change

4. Agile
• The term covers a set of ideals or aims “Agile Mainfesto”
• Iterative and Incremental •
•
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
• Empirical approach •
•
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
• Inspect and adapt
• Embrace change

5. Agile
• The term covers a set of ideals or aims “Agile Mainfesto”
• Iterative and Incremental
• Empirical approach
• Inspect and adapt
• Embrace change

6. The Scrum Process

7. Diagram by - http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com

8. Scrum Roles
• Product Owner
• Scrum Team - suggested maximum of 8
• Scrum Master

9. Estimating the backlog
• Product backlog is estimated by the team
• Can use ideal days, hourly estimates or story points
• There should be just enough discussion to estimate
• Use estimates to decide what goes into the sprint backlog

10. Sprints
• Time boxed between 2 - 4 weeks
• Results in a deliverable product to the client
• Projects need to be vertically sliced to work in iterations
• Continue to iterate while there is value to deliver

11. Daily Scrum
• What have you done since the last Scrum?
• What will you do between now and the next Scrum?
• What got in your way?

12. Sprint review
• Present the product to the Product Owner
• Decide if the sprint goal has been achieved

13. Sprint retrospective
• Look back at the sprint
• We are looking for answers to the following questions:
• What went well?
• What should we do differently next time?
• What did we learn?
• What confuses us?

14. A changing environment
“... if we decide we need a system for something we set a project group
up, write a specification, go out to tender, evaluate the tenders, go on
site visits, deliberate, and come up with a preferred solution (or decide
to develop something ourselves). We them move into implementation
phase, and by the time a system is live it could be 2 years later (or
more in some cases). By then the market has changed dramatically, as
have the user requirements. In contrast, we will implement a new mail
service for students in about 10 weeks by outsourcing to a innovative
company.”
Christine Sexton - Director IT Services - University of Sheffield

15. Build a Lego farm

16. Farm Scrum
• Estimate all the work to be done
• Plan the work that will go into the first sprint (create sprint backlog)
• 3 iterations (sprints)
• Demo after each sprint

17. A story card

18. Estimation
• Estimate story points on a scale - 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100
• Story points are relative measures of the effort involved
• We are better and quicker at relative estimation
• Group activity - planning poker can help

19. The farmer wants a sty to stop his
pigs wandering off
• Holds 5 pigs
• Space for 2 troughs
• Pigs can’t wander off
• Has a gate for access
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

20. The ducks need a ponds to live on
• Has a small island in the middle
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

21. The farmer wants a trailer for his
tractor
• Can carry 4 farm animals
• Only uses one set of wheels
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

22. The farmer wants a house
• Has a pitched roof
• Two entrances
• 3 windows
• Large enough for him and his wife
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

23. The farmer needs a trough to feed
his pigs
• Big enough to feed three pigs at a time
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

24. The farmer wants a grain silo for
his harvest
• Must hold 25g of grain
• Grain stored through removable lid
• Access hatch at the bottom
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

25. The farmer needs a kennel for his
sheep dog
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

26. The farmer’s wife needs 3 flower
tubs around the house
• Big enough for 2 bunches of flowers each
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

27. The farmer’s wife keeps show chickens.
She needs a coop to protect them from
the cunning Mr Fox
• Has two perches for chickens to roost
• Raised off the ground
• Sloping ramp that can be removed
• Door that closes
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

28. The farmer needs a barn for
storing hay
• Twice as big at the farmer’s house
• Has two floors
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

29. The farmer needs a shed to store
his old rusty tractor in
• The tractor fits inside
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

30. The farmer wants a new LEGO
3000 combine harvester which will
make his farm 3x more profitable
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

31. Photo by Peppered - http://www.flickr.com/photos/peppered/

32. The farmer needs a small paddock
for his miniature ponies
• Fence is high enough to keep the ponies in
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

33. The farmer’s dog is lazy so he
wants a quad bike so he can round
up his sheep
• Must have 4 wheels!
• Farmer can sit on it securely
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100

34. Sprint planning
• 2 minutes to decide what you will do in the first 5 minute sprint
• Write the total points in the first “Points to complete” box
• Don’t start building yet!

35. Sprint Review
• Demo what you have done to the Product Owner
• Incomplete stories should be re-estimated based on the remaining
work to complete
• You don’t have to continue with a partially completed story
• In the next sprint commit to the same number of points

36. Retrospective