Web 2.0: new definition of web by Neeraj Kumar Singh Assistant Librarian Panjab University, Chandigarh

Website Bunch of web pages Click and browse Couldn't interact on it Familiar with HTML coding Websites started springing up like mushroom life became rather boring on the Internet

Bunch of web pages

Click and browse

Couldn't interact on it

Familiar with HTML coding

Websites started springing up like mushroom

life became rather boring on the Internet

Web 2.0 O’Reilly Media 2004 It is Second generation of services available on the Web that lets people collaborate and share information online set of technologies Transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web Key concepts are participation and dynamic interaction. Open communication & open sharing of information

O’Reilly Media 2004

It is Second generation of services available on the Web that lets people collaborate and share information online

set of technologies

Transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web

Key concepts are participation and dynamic interaction.

Open communication & open sharing of information

Web 1.0 - Web 2.0 Static Brochureware Personal web site Britannica Online Directories (taxonomy) Bookmarking sites Dynamic Customisation Blog Wikipedia Tagging (folksonomy) Social bookmarking

Static

Brochureware

Personal web site

Britannica Online

Directories (taxonomy)

Bookmarking sites

Dynamic

Customisation

Blog

Wikipedia

Tagging (folksonomy)

Social bookmarking

Web 2.0 Services/Applications Blog Wikis Web Feed RSS Atoms Tags, Folksonomy, and Tag Clouds Social Networking

Blog

Wikis

Web Feed

RSS

Atoms

Tags, Folksonomy, and Tag Clouds

Social Networking

What is a Blog? Is a journal or diary (Blog, 2006) Usually displayed in a reverse chronological order. A commentary or news on a particular subject blogs are primarily textual… they sometimes contain; photographs (photoblog) videos (vlog) audio (podcasting) Are part of the social network / media

Is a journal or diary (Blog, 2006)

Usually displayed in a reverse chronological

order.

A commentary or news on a particular subject

blogs are primarily textual…

they sometimes contain;

photographs (photoblog)

videos (vlog)

audio (podcasting)

Are part of the social network / media

What is a wiki? A Web site that allows visitors to add, remove, and edit content. Without the need for registration. An effective tool for collaborative authoring. On-line encyclopedias such as Wikipedia.

A Web site that allows visitors to add,

remove, and edit content.

Without the need for registration.

An effective tool for collaborative

authoring.

On-line encyclopedias such as Wikipedia.

Wikis http://www.ictlogy.net http://www.wikipedia.org http://k12wiki.wikispaces.com/

http://www.ictlogy.net

http://www.wikipedia.org

http://k12wiki.wikispaces.com/

RSS RSS is acronym for Really Simple Syndication or Rich Site Summary RSS is an XML format for distributing news headlines on the web Initially RSS was restricted to News Headlines. Common uses for RSS include: - Blog - Newsletters - Weather Alerts - Press Announcements - Specials or Discounts - Calendars

RSS is acronym for Really Simple Syndication or Rich Site Summary

RSS is an XML format for distributing news headlines on the web

Initially RSS was restricted to News Headlines.

Common uses for RSS include:

- Blog

- Newsletters

- Weather Alerts

- Press Announcements

- Specials or Discounts

- Calendars

RSS RSS feeds can be read two different ways. Desktop RSS feed reader or news aggregator like Feed demo Web based RSS feed reader like FeedScout , Active Web Reader

RSS feeds can be read two different ways.

Desktop RSS feed reader or news aggregator like Feed demo

Web based RSS feed reader like FeedScout , Active Web Reader

Atom Atom is a format quite similar to RSS. It was created by people who felt that RSS could be improved upon. The basic difference is that while Atom is somewhat more complex (for producers of Atom feeds), it is also able to carry more complex information, and it is consistent across the syndication, storage, and editing of information. Almost everything regarding RSS applies equally well to Atom.

Atom is a format quite similar to RSS. It was created by people who felt that RSS could be improved upon.

The basic difference is that while Atom is somewhat more complex (for producers of Atom feeds), it is also able to carry more complex information, and it is consistent across the syndication, storage, and editing of information.

Almost everything regarding RSS applies equally well to Atom.

Tags Tags are keywords added to articles in blogs or Web pages via social page tag tools such as del.icio.us Technorati, and Yahoo’s My Web. Tags are also known as labels, and the process of creating tags is known as tagging. Tagging is also used to great effect on photo sharing site flickr:

Tags are keywords added to articles in blogs or Web pages via social page tag tools such as del.icio.us Technorati, and Yahoo’s My Web.

Tags are also known as labels, and the process of creating tags is known as tagging.

Tagging is also used to great effect on photo sharing site flickr:

Folksonomy Folksonomy is a tagging system, a manual indexing of the Web. Tagging systems allow users to annotate digital resources with tags (keywords) and share their annotations with other users. It’s also known as social tagging, social indexing, collaborative tagging or social classification

Folksonomy is a tagging system, a manual indexing of the Web.

Tagging systems allow users to annotate digital resources with tags (keywords) and share their annotations with other users.

It’s also known as social tagging, social indexing, collaborative tagging or social classification

Advantages User participation Adaptability Vocabularies Lower cost Flexible Take into account different perspectives

User participation

Adaptability

Vocabularies

Lower cost

Flexible

Take into account different perspectives

Social Networking Kind of application which helps interconnection amongst users Myspace.com Fourth most popular English Website 95 million members, with 500,000 new members each week Bought by News Corp (Rupert Murdoch) for US$580 Million in June 2005 orkut.com 40 million members, daily traffic is said to be more than 5, 00,000.

Kind of application which helps interconnection amongst users

Myspace.com

Fourth most popular English Website

95 million members, with 500,000 new members each week

Bought by News Corp (Rupert Murdoch) for US$580 Million in June 2005

orkut.com

40 million members, daily traffic is said to be more than 5, 00,000.

Applications Movies, Music, Books, TV Shows 􀁹 List your favourites 􀁹 See your friends’ favourites 􀁹 Discuss, post reviews, take quiz etc. 􀁹 Peer- driven web 􀁹 Likeness – find out which friend/celebrity you look like 􀁹 Name Analyzer – what does your name mean? 􀁹 Chess - play in real-time and make new friends 􀁹 New common API: Google OpenSocial

Movies, Music, Books, TV Shows

􀁹 List your favourites

􀁹 See your friends’ favourites

􀁹 Discuss, post reviews, take quiz etc.

􀁹 Peer- driven web

􀁹 Likeness – find out which friend/celebrity you

look like

􀁹 Name Analyzer – what does your name mean?

􀁹 Chess - play in real-time and make new friends

􀁹 New common API: Google OpenSocial

Web2.0: Technologies AJAX API Mash-ups Flash M-paper technology R/W Web for collective intelligence

AJAX

API

Mash-ups

Flash

M-paper technology

R/W Web for collective intelligence

What is AJAX? Asynchronous JavaScript and XML Available on all major browsers Removes the need to reload entire web page each time the user makes a change. Increase the web page's interactivity, speed, and usability. XML is used as the format for transferring data between the server and client. XML files may be created dynamically by some form of server-side scripting The Ajax technique uses a combination of: XHTML and CSS, JavaScript, XMLHttpRequest /IFrame object

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML

Available on all major browsers

Removes the need to reload entire web page each time the user makes a change. Increase the web page's interactivity, speed, and usability.

XML is used as the format for transferring data between the server and client. XML files may be created dynamically by some form of server-side scripting

The Ajax technique uses a combination of: XHTML and CSS, JavaScript, XMLHttpRequest /IFrame object

AJAX Example Meebo.com

Meebo.com

API Application Programming Interface (API) set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. Good for users and programmer Google Maps a good example of Open Source API programming.

Application Programming Interface (API)

set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications.

Good for users and programmer

Google Maps a good example of Open Source API programming.

Mash-up A mashup is a website or web application that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new service. small box on your personal homepage showing you the local weather forecast and another box showing you news headlines are forms of mash-up.

A mashup is a website or web application that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new service.

small box on your personal homepage showing you the local weather forecast and another box showing you news headlines are forms of mash-up.

Problems Security - Many attack vectors for Javascript - New technology - Not applicable as initially intended - Cross site javascripting Privacy - Companies might have policies against outside mails, documents, etc. - Trust the provider of the service

Security

- Many attack vectors for Javascript

- New technology

- Not applicable as initially intended

- Cross site javascripting

Privacy

- Companies might have policies against outside mails, documents, etc.

- Trust the provider of the service

Problems Scalability - Closer to the desktop - slower - Backend must extend to thousand of users 􀁹 Interoperability - Javascript - cross browser behaviour - cross platform behaviour (handheld vs desktop)

Scalability

- Closer to the desktop - slower

- Backend must extend to thousand of users

􀁹 Interoperability

- Javascript

- cross browser behaviour

- cross platform behaviour

(handheld vs desktop)

Solutions Security - Use Firefox with the No Script add-on, only allows sites you trust Privacy - Data between server - browser has to be encrypted - Users must be taught not to use online tools for sensitive information

Security

- Use Firefox with the No Script add-on, only allows sites you trust

Privacy

- Data between server - browser has to be encrypted

- Users must be taught not to use online tools for sensitive information

Conclusion Web 3.0 Emphasis on APIs and data accessibility Mobile Devices Semantic Web Better security Ensuring privacy

Web 3.0

Emphasis on APIs and data accessibility

Mobile Devices

Semantic Web

Better security

Ensuring privacy

Thank You