1. POLYMER
SUBMITTED BY
Naveenkumar.r (mech)
Mohamed basha.m (mech)
Avs engineering college salem

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMER
 TYPES OF POLMERIZATION
 CHARATERISTICS OF POLYMER
 APPLICATION OF POLYMERS

3. INTRODUCTION
A WORD POLYMER IS A COMBINATION TWO GREEK
WORDS “POLY” MEANS “MANY” AND “MEROS”
MEANING “PARTS OR UNITS” .

4. classification of polymer
Classification based on source
Classification based on structure
Classification based on polymerization
Classification based on molecular
force

5. classification based on source
Natural polymer
The polymers
obtained from nature
e.g: starch
Synthetic polymer
The polymers which are
prepared in the laboratories
e.g:nylon

6. CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
STRUCTURE
LINEAR
POLYMERS
CROSS LINKED
CHAIN POLYMER
BRANCHED
CHAIN
POLYMERS

7. LINEAR POLYMER
 CONSIST OF LONG AND STRAIGHT CHAINS .
EXAMPLE : pvc

8. BRANCHED CHAIN POLYMERS
CONTAING LINEAR CHAIN HAVING SOME BRANGES
EXAMPLE : low density polymer

9. CROSS LINKED CHAIN POLYMER
FORMED FROM BI-FUNCTIONAL MONOMERS AND
CONTAINS STORNG COVALENT BONDS
example : bakelite

10. CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
POLYMERISATION

11. Classification based on
molecular force
 Nylon : nylon is used as general name for all synthetic
fiber forming polyamides .
It is formed by “
hexamethylene diamine” and “adipic acid”
n[H2N-(CH2)6-NH2 + HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH]
HEXAMETHYLENE ADPIC ACID
DIAMINE
-(NH-(CH2)-NH-CO-( CH2)4-CO)-n+2nH2O (nylon6:6)

12. TYPES OF POLYMERIZATION
CO-
POLYMERI
ZATION
CONDE
NSATIO
N
ADDITI
ON

13. addition polymerization
ADDITION POLYMERS : FORMED BY THE REPEATED
ADDITION OF MONOMER MOLECULES POSSING DOUBLE
OR TRIBLE BONDS .
example:
polyethylene is produced from ethylene
HEAT/PRESSURE
n CH2=CH2 ….-(CH2-CH2)-n
catalyst
ethylene polyethylene(pe)

14. Condensation polymerisation
FORMED BY CONDENSATION REACTION BETWEEN
TWO DIFFERENT BI-FUNCTIONAL AND TRI-
FUNCTIONAL MONOMERIC UNITS
example : hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
condense to form a polymer , nylon 6:6
nH2N-(CH2)-NH2 + n HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH
HEXAMETHYLENE ADIPIC ACID
DIAMINE
-[HN-(CH2)6-NH-CO-(CH2)-CO]-n ( NYLON 6:6)

15. CO-POLYMERISATION
IT IS THE JOINT POLYMERISATION IN WHICH TWO OR
MORE DIFFERENT MONOMERS COMBINE TO GIVE A
POLYMER .HIGHMOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMER
OBTAINED BY COPOLYMERISATION
n[CH2=CH-CH=CH2]+nCH2=CH
(butadiene) C6H5 (styrene)
-(CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH)-N
C6H5 (styrene butadiene rubber)

16. Characteristics of polymer
low density
Low coefficient of friction
Good corrosion resistance
Economical
Poor tensile strength
Low mechanical properties
Poor temperature resistance

17. APPLICATION OF POLYMER
MEDICINE : MANY BIOMATERIALS ESPECIALLY HEAT
VALUE REPLACEMENT AND BLOOD VESSELS ,ARE
MADE OF POLYMER LIKE DACRON,TEFLON AND
POLYURETHANE .
blood vessels medicine

18. CONSUMMER SCIENCE
PLASTICS CONTAINERS OF ALL SHAPES AND SIZE
ARE LIGHT WEIGHT AND ECINAMICALLY LESS
EXPENSIVE THAN THE MORE TRIDITIONAL
CONTAINERS .
Floor coverings packing

19. INDUSTRY
AUTOMOBILES PARTS , WIND SHIELD FOR FIGHTER
PLANES , PIPES ,TANKS , PAKING MATERIALS ARE
ALL POLYMERISATION USED IN THE INDUSTRIAL
MARKET .
wood substitutes tanks

20. sports
Play ground equipment , varies balls , golf clubs ,swimming
pools and protective helmet