An overview about several technologies which contribute to the landscape of Big Data. An intro about the technology challenges of Big Data, follow by key open-source components which help out in dealing with various big data aspects such as OLAP, Real-Time Online Analytics, Machine Learning on Map-Reduce. I conclude with an enumeration of the key areas where those technologies are most likely unleashing new opportunity for various businesses.

1. Big data
The technology landscape and its applications.
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

2. Outline
● Big Data: Who are thou?
● Big Data: The technology landscape
● Hadoop: Overview
● Analytics & Machine Learning
● Opportunities
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

3. Hype cycle on new IT technologies
Gartner 2012
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4. What is big data?
DATA (structured and un-structured, Logs, ETL, social)
Velocity Diversity Volume
BIG DATA
Hardware Software Services
Infrastructure Marketing (e.g. Unica) RDBMS
(Private) Cloud Analytics (Tableau) OLAP
Networking Modeling (SAS) Messaging
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5. Big Data Heat map
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6. How big is big?
SkyTree (tm) defines: Analytics Requirements Index (ARI)
ARI = # Rows × # Columns
Time (secs)
Where # Rows = Number of records being analyzed
# Columns = Number of variables captured in each record
Time (secs) = The timeframe within which to complete the analysis
Example: For each view (1000 views/sec) produce a personalized banner
I need to analyze 100 variables on 1000 records (historic data) every 1 ms
ARI = (1000*100)/0.001 = 100 M values/sec
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

7. What data?
Big Data can imply:
● Complex Data refactoring in Batch (lots of rows)
● Real-Time Event Processing (high-speed responses)
● Multidimensional analisys (lots of parameters)
● ... or any of those three
Response
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Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

8. More data
customers +
customers + products +
customers + products + surveys +
customers + products + surveys + transactions +
customers products surveys transactions social messages
Database Databases Federated Data Aggregated Data Linked Data Just Data
Structured Unstructured
● in today's IT environments there is a gradual shift
from structured data to unstructured data
RDBMS are well suited to deal with structured data ->
but: more and complex ETL, how to deal with new data (structures) ?
Map-Reduce and noSQL systems are good with unstructured data ->
but: how to we query and analyze this data?
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

9. Big Data: how to deal with it
● Big Data at rest (storage, access)
● Big Data in motion (streaming, dataflows)
● Big Data analytics (OLAP, OTAP, BI)
● Big Data modeling (predictive, machine learning)
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

10. Big Data at rest
Analytical RDBMSs (EDW) Oracle, IBM, and various MPP's
Hadoop Distributed Systems HDFS (distributed file system)
Hbase (Big Table)
Batch Real-time
Cassandra HBase Analytics
Logs HDFS EDW EDW EDW
● Traditional EDW and Distributed ● These systems do not exclude each
BigData / NoSQL solutions are others and can coexist to form a full
complementary to each other. enterprise level solution.
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

11. Big Data at rest
No need to get everything out of the hadoop ecosystem:
NoSQL DBMSs: Couchbase ( ++ reads, caching)
Cassandra ( ++ writes, OLAP)
... hybrid solutions are also possible:
HDFS + Cassandra : in-memory analytics + large DFS
HDFS + Solr/Lucene: fast text search on a distributed file system
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

12. Big Data in motion
Stream processing // Dataflow architectures
Used to support the automatic analysis of data-in-motion in real-time or near real-time.
- Identify meaningful patterns
- Trigger action to respond to them as quickly as possible.
- Storm (from twitter)
dataflow processing framework
++ multi-language
- Akka (from typesafe)
dataflow actor framework
++ speed
Both are:
Distributed, fault-tolerant, streaming
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

13. Big Data Landscape
Machine Learning on Big Data
Unstructured
SAS, R over HDFS Mahout
REST
Logs flume Hbase Hive
Data Interfaces
scribe ● Batch Analytics
HDFS ● Visualization
MapR BI
● Monitoring
● Marketing
sqoop Cassandra Pig
EDW
hiho
Unstructured
FS OLAP OTAP Impala
● Real-Time Analytics
● Streaming
STORM
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14. Lambda Architecture
Logic layer
Software as a Service
e.g realt-time predictor
from http://www.manning.com/marz/
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

15. Why do machine learning on big data
http://www.skytree.net/why-do-machine-learning-on-big-data/
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

16. Machine Learning: What?
SIMILARITY SEARCH
Similarity search provides a way to find the
objects that are the most similar, in an overall
sense, to the object(s) of interest.
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
Predictive analytics is the science of analyzing current and
historical facts/data to make predictions about future events.
CLUSTERING AND SEGMENTATION
Cluster analysis and segmentation represents a purely data
driven approach to grouping similar objects, behaviors, or
whatever is represented by the data.
From http://www.skytree.net/why-do-machine-learning-on-big-data/use-cases/ Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

17. Word Counting on Map Reduce
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18. Machine learning on Map Reduce
From http://www.slideshare.net/hadoop/modeling-with-hadoop-kdd2011
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

19. Machine learning on Map Reduce
From http://www.slideshare.net/hadoop/modeling-with-hadoop-kdd2011 Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

20. Machine Learning: Use Cases
E-Commerce / E-Tailing
● Product Recommendation Engines
● Cross Channel Analytics
● Events/Activity Behavior Segmentation
Product Marketing
● Campaign management and optimization
● Market and consumer segmentations
● Pricing Optimization
Customer Marketing
● Customer Churn Management
● (Mobile) User Behavior Prediction
● Offer Personalization
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

21. Big Data: Opportunities
Unstructured Data
● Clustering
● Distributed processing
● Distributed Storage
Modeling & Analytics
● Distributed Machine Learning
● Fast Online Analytics Cubes
Streaming and Real-Time processing
● Build RT profiles
● Decision trees and Predictions
● Offer Personalization
Natalino Busa - 12 Feb. 2013

22. Thanks
linkedin:
www.linkedin.com/in/natalinobusa
blog:
www.natalinobusa.com