Open Data: a brief introduction

Open Dataa brief introduction Maurizio Napolitano <maurizio.napolitano@okfn.org>

Open Data● Definitions● Why● How● Licenses● The Public Administrations● OKFN support● Discussion: open data and P.A. organizational change

DEFINITIONS

Definitions (DATA) single pieces of information of every nature ● descriptions of facts ● reproducible without ambiguities ● parts of larger information or knowledge structures ● can be expressed and stored in digital formats Data → Information → Knowledge → Wisdomhttp://digitalcuration.blogspot.com/2009/05/what-are-data.html

Definitions (OPEN)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open

Open Knowledge Foundation “A piece of content or data is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share-alike.” http://www.opendefinition.org/okd/

… it is an old story :)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Snow_%28physician%29

Ushahidi e Haiti Ory Okolloh Attivista, avvocato, e blogger kenyota

The power of dataImage by EpicGraphic

Transparency and Open Government My Administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of openness in Government. We will work together to ensure the public trust and establish a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration. Openness will strengthen our democracy and promote efficiency and effectiveness in Government.Transparency and Open Government Memorandum for the Heads ofExecutive Departments and Agencies (2009) http://sunlightfoundation.com/policy/documents/ten-open-data-principles/

Now … Open […] Data http://www.trentinoopendata.euOpen Government Data Open Linked Data http://opengovernmentdata.org/film/ Open Community Datahttp://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/tim_berners_lee_the_year_open_data_went_worldwide.html

The correct way http://opendatamanual.org/

Linked Open Data★ make your stuff available on the Web(whatever format) under an open license★★ make it available as structured data(e.g., Excel instead of image scan of a table)★★★ use non-proprietary formats(e.g., CSV instead of Excel)★★★★ use URIs to identify things, so that people canpoint at your stuff★★★★★ link your data to other data to provide contexthttp://lab.linkeddata.deri.ie/2010/star-scheme-by-example/

LICENSES

Which licensehttp://www.jordanhatcher.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Open_v_Public_licenses_Venn.002-001.png

Open Data LicensesLICENSE BY SA CommentOpen Data Commons Public Domain N N Dedicate to the PublicDedication and Licence (ODC PDDL) Domain (all rights waived)Open Data Commons Attribution License Y N Attribution for data(bases)Open Data Commons Open Database Y Y Attribution-ShareAlike forLicense (ODbL) data(bases)Creative Commons CCZero N N Dedicate to the Public Domain (all rights waived) http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/ http://www.opendefinition.org/guide/data/ What Legal (IP) Rights Are There in Data(bases)

CC0 / ODC PDDL PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS NOTHING SHARECREATE ADAPT http://www.publicdomainmanifesto.org/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

ODC AL PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS ATTRIBUTION SHARECREATE ADAPT http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/

ODbL PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS ATTRIBUTION SHARE SHARE ALIKE KEEP OPENCREATE ADAPT http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/

Licenses compatibilityPublic domain Attribution Attribution – Share Alike

P.A. and Open Data

P.A. and Data DISSEMINATECOLLECT MANAGE UPDATE SHARE SERVICE PAID BY TAXES vs distribution at marginal cost average cost recovery transparency optimization costs loss of income high transaction costs

a formula for making this possible 1.Leadership also / primarily political 2.Crisis ex. budget cuts 3.Heroes 1. (from government / administration) people that believe is possible, but also ready to lose 4.(Pressure from citizens)http://www.linkedin.com/in/laurencemillar

Two years after

One year after

more ... http://opengovernmentdata.org/data/catalogues/

Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directive_on_the_re-use_of_public_sector_informationhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codice_dell%27amministrazione_digitale

Regione PiemonteApprovazione delle nuove Linee Guida regionaliin materia di riusoSono state approvate dalla Regione Piemonte le nuove linee guida chedefiniscono come riusabili tutti i dati in possesso della Regione di tipoaggregato/anonimo o senza vincoli di privacy e che adottano come licenzastandard la Licenza CC-zero.Queste linee guida licenziano in automatico con licenza standard CC-zero,anche tutti i dati ad oggi pubblicati e scaricabili dal sito istituzionale o da altricanali istituzionali della Regione.[...]

Regione Piemonte - CC0http://www.dati.piemonte.it/blog/item/approvazione-delle-nuove-linee-guida-regionali-in-materia-di-riuso.html […] tutti i dati in possesso della Regione di tipo aggregato/anonimo o senza vincoli di privacy [..] adottano come licenza standard la Licenza CC-zero.

ISTAT […] tutti i contenuti pubblicati [...] Creative Commons - Attribuzione - versione 3.0 o successiva. [...] possibile riprodurre, distribuire, trasmettere e adattare liberamente dati e analisi dellIstituto nazionale di statistica, anche a scopi commerciali, a condizione che venga citata la fonte. [...] Non è necessaria alcunahttp://www.istat.it/it/note-legali autorizzazione per creare collegamenti ipertestuali verso le pagine di questo sito. http://dati.istat.it/

Regione Emilia Romagna

dati.gov.IT

appsforitaly.org

A4I – Who?

OKFN Support

Data „tools“Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network About the project http://ckan.org The project http://ckan.net - http://thedatahub.org The italian hub http://it.ckan.net Europe support http://publicdata.eu/ World http://opendatasearch.org/ Get the data http://getthedata.org/ Under the hood DATAPKG http://packages.python.org/datapkg/

OKFN initiatives http://opengovernmentdata.org/ http://opendatachallenge.org/ http://wheredoesmymoneygo.org/ http://openspending.org/ http://energy.publicdata.eu/ee/ http://publicdomainworks.net/ http://bibliographica.org/VISIT UShttp://www.okfn.org/JOIN UShttp://okfn.org/register/

References● "Aspetti economici dell informazione nel settore pubblico:fondamenti teorici e approfondimenti empirici" from the Work Package "Economics" of EVPSI - Extracting Value from Pubblic Sector Information http://www.evpsi.org/evpsifiles/EVPSI%20WP3_Aspetti%20economici%20dell%27informazione%20del%20settore%20pubblico_working_Apr2011.pdf● Directive on the re-use of public sector information http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32003L0098:EN:NOT● Open Data, Open Society a research project about openness of public data in EU local administration http://www.dime-eu.org/files/active/0/ODOS_report_1.pdf● dati.gov.it – Voglio capire di più http://www.dati.gov.it/content/voglio-capire● Come si fa OpenData http://www.scribd.com/doc/55159307/Come-Si-Fa-Opendata-Ver-2 Associazione italiana per lOpen Government http://www.datagov.it

open data and P.A. organizational changeDISCUSSION ● Responsability ● Cost ● Effort I want tell some stories ... Terremoti, lIngv: «Stiamo pensando di smettere di informare sulle scosse» Il presidente Boschi: «I nostri dati utilizzati per arrivare a conclusioni che non stanno né in cielo né in terra» http://www.corriere.it/cronache/10_settembre_06/ingv-boschi-dati-terremoto_f8299d36-b9b0-11df-90df-00144f02aabe.shtm

NOT GOOD OPEN DATA PRACTICEShttp://blog.okfn.org/2011/06/07/when-washington-dc-took-a-step-back-from-open-data-transparenc

Slides created for the courseOrganizzazione dei sistemi informativi aziendaliProf David Hakkenhttp://www.soic.indiana.edu/people/profiles/hakken-david.shtmlFacoltà di sociologiaUniversità degli studi di TrentoOpen Data a brief introduction by Maurizio Napolitano <napo@fbk.eu> is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribuzione 3.0 Unported License.

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Open Data: a brief introduction

by Maurizio Napolitano on May 13, 2011

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