3. Fungus- any member of
a diverse group of
organisms that—unlike
plants and animals—
obtain food by absorbing
nutrients from an
external source.
4. Today thousands of
different types of fungi grow
on and absorb food from
substances such as soil,
wood, decaying organic
matter, or living plants and
other organisms.
5. The fossil record suggests that
fungi were present 550 million
years ago and may have
evolved even earlier. They
range from tiny, single-celled
organisms invisible to the naked
eye to some of the largest living
multicellular organisms.
6. Examples:
• Armillaria mushroom, a type
of fungus, extends more than
12 hectares (30 acres).
• Lichens, a living partnership of
a fungus and an alga.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. Algae
- diverse group of simple, plantlike
organisms. Like plants, most algae
use the energy of sunlight to make
their own food, a process called
photosynthesis. However, algae
lack the roots, leaves, and other
structures typical of true plants.
12. • Algae are the most important
photosynthesizing organisms
on Earth. They capture more
of the sun’s energy and
produce more oxygen (a by
product of photosynthesis)
than all plants combined.
13. • Algae form the foundation
of most aquatic food webs,
which support an
abundance of animals.
• Algae vary greatly in size
and grow in many diverse
habitats.
14. Examples:
• Microscopic algae, called phytoplankton, float
or swim in lakes and oceans. Phytoplankton are
so small that 1000 individuals could fit on the
head of a pin.
• The largest forms of algae are seaweeds that
stretch 100 m (300 ft) from the ocean bottom to
the water’s surface.
• algae live with fungi to form lichens
• Algae called zooxanthellae live inside the cells of
reef-building coral.
39. • Mold and mildew are commonly used
interchangeably, although mold is often
applied to black, blue, green, and red
fungal growths, and mildew to whitish
growths.
• Black bread mold, Aspergillus niger, one
of the most familiar molds, begins as a
microscopic, airborne spore that
germinates on contact with the moist
surface of non-living organic matter.
45. • The stolon is a kind of hypha connecting
fruiting bodies. The stemlike part is
called a sporangiophore. The roundish
yellowish shapes are sporangia (plural
for sporangium) the structures which
bear the small round spores. Each spore
that lands in a warm, dark, moist place
“germinates” and form hyphae all over
again.
