1. GCSE PE
Health, exercise, fitness and
performance

2. By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:
? Explain the 5 components of health related exercise

3. Cardiovascular fitness
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Flexibility
Body composition

4. …the ability to exercise the entire body for long
periods of time
This requires your heart (cardio)
and blood vessels (vascular) to
work together to provide
muscles with oxygenated blood
Basic cardiovascular fitness is
needed in order to lead an
everyday life (e.g. walking to the
Sports related: shops, climbing up stairs,
• The cardiovascular element of running to catch the bus)
fitness is important when we take
It also allows us to get involved
part in sports that involve stamina
in sports and leisure pursuits
such as cycling, running and
swimming

5. Tip: Don’t get confused…
The following terms are also used to describe
cardiovascular fitness and may be used in
examination questions:
Cardio-Respiratory fitness
Aerobic fitness
Stamina
Endurance

6. …the amount of force a muscle can exert against a
resistance
• A good level of strength can be very beneficial as it can
help prevent injury, assist with good posture and it allows
an individual to carry out everyday tasks without feeling
fatigued (e.g. carrying shopping)
Sports related:
• Weightlifting – to lift a heavy weight
• Boxing – to produce a strong punch
• Gymnastics – upper body strength
when maintaining a handstand

7. …the ability to use voluntary muscles many times
without getting tired
• This is related to muscular
strength but is concerned with
the ability to move smaller
weights repeatedly without
getting too tired (e.g. Rowing)
• Muscular endurance is used in
day-to-day life in activities such
as climbing and gardening
Sports related:
• Essential for long distance events (running, cycling,
rowing)
• Tennis – constant swinging of racket
• Football – kicking ball for 90 minutes

8. …the range of movement possible at a joint
• Flexibility can also be known as suppleness
• Muscle fibres have elastic properties and
are able to stretch and then return to their
original position
• However, if they are not regularly stretched
then they can become stiff and inflexible
• Flexibility is important for reducing the risk of
muscle strain and injury and completing many
everyday tasks such as tying your shoe laces!
Sports related:
• Gymnastics and Dance – a flexible joint possesses a greater
range of motion, which aids the performance of a skill
• Running – a flexible hip joint allows a longer stride length

9. …the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle
and bone
• Some body shapes are better
suited to certain sports than
others.
• Lean body tissue is water, blood,
skin, muscle and bone.
Sports related: • From a health perspective it is
• Sumo wrestling – larger body important to have low body fat.
composition is better • In relation to sport, a sports
• All other sports benefit from a person’s levels of fat can
accumulate through inactivity.
leaner, more muscular body

10. • Different sports favour different components of fitness
• This is why some athletes are successful at their sport as their
component may match the sport’s requirements
• The components of fitness for an individual sport can be displayed in a
bar graph. For example:
MS
BC
ME
F
CF
SHOT PUTTER

11. Write down what the letters Analyse the shot putter graph
mean for each section of the and explain why some
graph components are less important
than others
Choose 2 sports that you play
and produce a bar chart for Swap your graphs with a
each one partner and mark their work out
of 5 as to how accurate you
think they are. 1 mark for each
level – be prepared to explain
your answer

12. Health related fitness

13. Health related exercise

14. By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:
 Explain the 5 components of health related exercise

15. Make sure you have corrected any
mistakes from your previous notes and
homework.
If you have then have a night off…..