II Dossier Tourism and Sustainability: An international Scorecard_Attachments

AUSTRIA SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Austria POPULATION 8,199,783 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 4,650,000 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 56.7% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 121.4%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 299,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 7.2% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 16,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 6.1

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 806,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 19.3% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 44,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 16.7

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 573,000 POPULATION 8,199,783 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 14.3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.at a. TOURISM (“Tourismus”) 538,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (“Nachhaltige Entwicklung”) 59,100 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“Nachhaltigen Tourismus”) 1,920 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0,3% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.03 ratio

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet (methodology)

Source: Google national site (google.co.uk; google.fr; google.es..)

Methodology:

3 keywords search: “tourism”, “sustainable development”, “sustainable tourism”, within local national site (.co.uk; .fr; .es; etc…);

always select: “pages from the UK/France/etc..” before searching;

use of “ quotation marks ” when searching for two or more words;

search in local language (example for France = search for “ tourisme”, “dévellopment durable”, “tourisme durable”) ;

source for translation : www.reference.com/Dir/Reference/Dictionaries/World_Languages

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.austria.info Analysis of national tourism website www.austria.info YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? Yes Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? Yes Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? Yes The group called Bio-Hotels

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 29 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 15 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 9 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 24 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 82.8

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of 3 leading travel companies Austrian Airlines Group Europcar Autovermietung Tiscover AG a. sustainability/green section in the website No No No b. sustainable tourism info in the website No No No c. sustainability annual report in the website No No No Total YES 0 0 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do www.viennaairport.com www.flughafen-innsbruck.at www.salsburg-airport.com Analysis of the 3 major airports Vienna Int’l Salzburg W.A. Innsbruck a. sustainability/green section in the website No No Yes b. sustainable tourism info in the website No No Yes c. sustainability annual report in the website No No Yes Total YES 0 0 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY SUMMARY

Tourism is embraced by Austria with over 326,000 web returns available but sustainable development is not as popular with only 71,800 returns. Even less popular is sustainable tourism with only 5,500 returns originating from Austria.

Tourism accounts for 19.3% of employment in Austria and 16.7% of the gross domestic product.

On the main tourism website (austria.com) information can be found on Bio-Hotels, an eco-themed group of hotels.

None of the three leading companies in Austria have specific sustainability information on their websites and only one of the top three popular airports have the same. Innsbruck airport is EMAS certified.

BELGIUM SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY BELGIUM POPULATION 10,392,226 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 5,100,000 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 49.1 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 155.0 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 160,6 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.7 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 10,8 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3,3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 523,8 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 12.0 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 36,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 11.1

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.be a. TOURISM (“ toerisme”) 493,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (“ duurzame ontwikkeling”) 314,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“ duurzaam toerisme”) 6,110 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 1.2% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.01 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitbelgium.com Analysis of national tourism website www.visitbelgium.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 6 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 0 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 0 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Sources: c companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism; www.b-rail.be; www.brusselsairlines.be Analysis of 3 leading travel companies ACCOR HOTELS BELGIUM NV NMBS/SNCB National Railway Company SN BRUSSELS AIRLINES a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES NO Total YES 3 2 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do http://www.brusselsairport.be/nl/; http://airport.u.nu/ANR; http://www.charleroi-airport.com http://www.charleroi-airport.com Analysis of the 3 major airports Brussels Airport Antwerp Airport Charleroi Airport a. sustainability/green section in the website YES NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO NO Total YES 2 0 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY SUMMARY Tourism intensity in Belgium is 83.8 and tourism contributes 11.1% to the national GDP ( directly and indirectly) In the national tourism web site there is an eco/green tourism section, also Brussels Hotels with the ‘Ecolabel’ regarding their effort for the environment and accommodation built or renovated with natural materials. Among the 3 leading companies, Accor group has in the web site a sustainability/green section, sustainable tourism info and sustainability annual report and the National Railway Company ( NMBS/SNCB) has a sustainability/green section and an annual report such as the main airport web site, Brussels Airport. The last data confirm the effort of the country towards sustainability even if the number of eco label products is limited.

DENMARK SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Denmark POPULATION 5,468,120 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 3,762,500 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 68.8 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 92.9 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 110,3 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 4,0 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 67,8 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.9

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 284,9 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10.3 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 171,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10,0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 71,000 POPULATION 5,468,120 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 77

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.dk a. TOURISM (“turisme”) 416,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (“ bæredygtig udvikling”) 82,100 c. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“ bæredygtig turisme”) 2,460 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0,59% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0,02 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitdenmark.com Analysis of national tourism website : www.visitdenmark.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source:http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 61 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 6 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 6 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 12 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 19,6 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism; www.sasgroup.net www.cph.dk. Analysis of 3 leading travel companies AKTIESELSKABET KJOBENHAVNS SOMMER-TIVOLI KASTRUP INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SAS GROUP a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO YES Total YES 0 0 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do www.cph.dk ; www.aal.dk ; www.aar.dk Analysis of the 3 major airports Copenhagen Aalborg Tirstrup a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 0

The tourism sustainable policy is still developing even though the economic and social impact is not relevant yet. A first important step is coming from the web, infact Denmark national website is very efficient and focused on a sustainable tourism section including information and annual report.

18% of the ecolabel products is related to tourism, even if out of 3 leading companies, only one present sustainability actions and provide information about sustainable tourism and development (ex. SAS GROUP).

The hospitality sector concerning accomodations is quite low: the percentage is approsimative 1 bed per 77 people.

FINLAND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY FINLAND POPULATION 5,238,460 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 3,286,OOO PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 62,7% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 29%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 87,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.5% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 6,0 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.4%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 267,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10.9% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 17,6 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 9.9%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.fi a. TOURISM (“ matkailu”) 1,520,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (“ kestävä kehitys”) 114,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“ kestävä matkailu”) 1,200 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0,07% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0,001 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitfinland.com Analysis of national tourism website ( www.visitfinald.com) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 5 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 1 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 1 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 20%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of the 3 leading companies FINNAIR OYJ KALEVA TRAVEL OY RESTEL OY a. sustainability/green section in the website YES NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO NO Total YES 3 0 2

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports HELSINKY VANTAA AIRPORT ENONTEKICO AIRPORT IVALO AIRPORT a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES YES Total YES 3 3 3

The tourism intensity is 44%;

In the national official web site there is a tourism sustainable section and many green itineraries;

2 of the 3 leading companies web sites provide information to sustainable tourism with the actions of the company for sustainability and the annual report;

the 3 major airport website give information about sustanability - there is a section dedicated to the actions made by the company for sustainable development and a annual report;

20% ecolabels are related to tourism.

FRANCE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY France POPULATION 63,718,187 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 34,851,835 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 54.7% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 310.0%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 1.322,9 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 5.2% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 75,1 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 4.1%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 3.348,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 13.2% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 202,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10.9%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 1,254,000 POPULATION 63,718,187 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 50.8

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.fr a. “TOURISM” 1,360,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 232.000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ 88.700 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 6,5% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0,38 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.franceguide.com Analysis of national tourism website ( www.franceguide.com) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO - Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO - Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO -

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 89 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 9 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 9 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 10,1%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of 3 leading travel companies Accor SNCF Air France a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO YES Total YES 3 1 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports Charles de Gaulle (Paris) Orly (Paris) Saint-Exupery (Lyon) a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES YES Total YES 3 3 3

According to the data we found, France gets high impacts, direct and indirect, from tourism industry, in terms of employment and gross national product. The tourism intensity is also relatively high.

It’s important to underline the fact that the French national website doesn’t have a sustainable section, and it doesn’t provide any information about eco/green/ sustainable tours, itineraries and hotels around the country.

France has also a large number of ecolabel products, even if the percentage of tourism ecolabel is only 10%.

Regarding at the three most profitable companies in France, we noticed that Accor and Airfrance give a lot of importance to environmental issues, and so do the three major French airports: Charles de Gaulle, Orly and Saint-Exupery in Lyon.

GERMANY SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Germany POPULATION 82,400,996 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 53,240,115 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 64.6 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 121.8 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 4.260,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10.8% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 240,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10,0%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.de a. “TOURISM”/ Tourismus 1,210,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”/ Nachhaltige Entwicklung 742,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ Nachhaltiger Tourismus 133,000 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 11.9% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.17 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.deutschland–tourismus.de Analysis of national tourism website www.deutschland–tourismus.de YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 29 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 0 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 7 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 7 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 24.1%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of 3 leading travel companies Air Berlin Alltours Steigenberger a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.adv.aero/de/gfx/index.php ( airports selected by number of passengers) Analysis of the 3 major airports Frankfurt Munich Berlin a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO YES Total YES 0 0 3

Germany gets medium high impacts directly an relatively high impacts from direct and indirect tourism

National tourism website www.deutschland –tourismus.de has no own eco section

National tourism website www.deutschland –tourismus.de has no own eco section

% of tourism ecolabels over total ecolabels in confront is 24 %

none of the leading companies has a green section or talks about sustainable tourism

3 major airports : just one of three accomplishes all three requirements

GREECE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Greece POPULATION 10,706,290 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 3,800,000 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 35.5% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 280%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 896,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 20% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 33,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 16.5%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Note – figures have been found typing English words in Google.gr. The following data were found typing the corresponding Greek words in Google.gr: a. 52,400; b. 3,107; c. 839; ST (%) 1.6%; ST/SD 0.27 ratio Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.gr a. “TOURISM” 282,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 23,600 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ 2,830 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 1% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.12 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.gnto.gr Analysis of national tourism website ( www.gnto.gr) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of the 3 leading companies Aegean Airlines Louis Hellenic Cruises Grecotel SA a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 2

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports ATHENS THESSALONIKI PATRAS a. sustainability/green section in the website YES NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 2 0 0

Greece has a low percentage of population online, but usage is strongly increasing

Sustainable tourism is not strongly supported on the web though. There is a low percentage of keywords return in internet as well as a small percentage of ecolabels and tourism ecolabels

Eventually, there are few sustainability/green sections in the major airports’ websites as well as in the tourist leading companies’ websites

ICELAND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Iceland POPULATION 301,931 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 258,000 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 85.4 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 53.6 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 17,000 POPULATION 301,931 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 17,7

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Note – figures have been found typing English words in Google.is Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.is a. “TOURISM” 161,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 27,600 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 5,280 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 3.27% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.19 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.icetourist.is Analysis of national tourism website www.icetourist.is YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO There is not a proper section (Iceland 101) Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Link to activities but nothing specific (Fun things to do) Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Notes: www.icehotels.com www.icelandexport.is Analysis of the 3 leading companies Atlantic Ice Hotels Iceland Express a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do ; www.keflavikairport.is Analysis of the 3 major airports Keflavik Int’l Reykjavik Egilsstadir a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 0

Iceland has a population of 301,931. Its direct and indirect impact on the economy in terms of the number of jobs and GDP is 15.55% and 14.65% respectively.

Iceland has an online population of 85.4%, with a usage growth of 53.6% over the past 7 years.

There is a 3.27% demand on the internet, for information related to tourism.

The tourism intensity in relation to the population and the number of bedplaces is 17,7

No ecolabelling present in any category (products or services)

The official website of the Icelandic Tourist Board does not have a designated section for sustainable/green/eco tourism

The three airports identified all have websites but none have specific sections on sustainability in terms of tourism

The three companies identified are leaders in their respective tourism areas, but do not specifically focus on sustainable/environmental sections.

IRELAND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Ireland POPULATION 4,109,086 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 2,060,000 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 50,1% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 162,8%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.ie a. “TOURISM” 404,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 85,700 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ 8,950 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 2,2% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0,10 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.discoverireland.com Analysis of national tourism website ( www.discoverireland.com) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 11 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 11 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 11 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 100%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of the 3 leading companies AER LINGUS GROUP DUBLIN AIRPORT AUTHORITY (AER RIANTA) JURYS DOYLE HOTEL GROUP a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 0 1

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports Dublin Airport Cork Airport Donegal Airport a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES NO Total YES 3 3 0

The percentage of population online is high and is increazing and there is a low percentage of employment in tourism

The website www.discoverireland.com does not feature sustainable tourism

All national ecolabels have been awarded to tourist accomodations

Among the 3 leading companies, only one has a section for the sustainable tourism;

Among 3 major airports, two have all about sustainable tourism

ITALY SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Italy POPULATION 58,147,733 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 33,143,152 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 57.0 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 151.1 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 2.651,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 11.5% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 156,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 10.2%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.it a. “TOURISM” 1,040,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 1,680,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ 112,000 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 10.8% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.07 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.enit.it – Italy does not have a national tourism website. For this research the Enit website has been adopted. Analysis of national tourism website ( www.enit.it) Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 160 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 68 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 6 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 74 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 46,2%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of the 3 leading companies ALITALIA COSTA CROCIERE JOLLY HOTELS a. sustainability/green section in the website NO YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO YES NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO YES NO Total YES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports MALPENSA LINATE FIUMICINO a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES YES Total YES

Tourism plays a very important economic and social role in Italy, representing over 10% of national GDP (directly and indirectly)

Tourism issue give over 1 million web returns, of which 10% are related to sustainable tourism

The ecolabel has been awarded to 74 tourism products (over 46% of total categories)

Major airports features sustainabilty issues

Italy does not have a national tourism website (website used is www.enit.it)

NETHERLANDS SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Netherlands POPULATION 16,570,613 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 14,544,400 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 87,8% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 272,9%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.nl a. “TOURISM” (“toerisme”) 569,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (“ duurzame ontwikkeling”) 199,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM“ (“duurzaam toerisme”) 33,900 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 6% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.17 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.holland.com Analysis of national tourism website www.holland.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES The hostel chain “StayOkay” Gets Green Label -

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.eco-label.com > the interactive catalogue Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 9 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 6 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 6 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 66.6%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Analysis of 3 leading travel companies BCD HOLDINGS NV GOLDEN TULIP BV KLM ROYAL DUTCH AIRLINES a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO YES Total YES 0 0 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports AMSTERDAM SCHIPHOL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT EINDHOVEN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ROTTERDAM a. sustainability/green section in the website NO YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 0 1 0

6% of tourism web returns are related to sustainable tourism

the national tourism website does not provide information or products aboutsustainabilty

sustainability/green sections and information are still missing in the major airports’ websites as well as in the tourist leading companies’ websites.

NORWAY SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Norway POPULATION 4,627,926 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 4,074,100 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 88% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 85.2 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.no a. “TOURISM” (“turisme”) 361,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (“ bærekraftig utvikling”) 82,100 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ (“ bærekraftig turisme”) 1,980 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0.5% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.02

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitnorway.com Analysis of national tourism website : www.visitnorway.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 6 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 2 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 2 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 33.3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism HURTIGRUTEN: www.hurtigruten.com WIDERøE'S FLYVESELSKAP: www.wideroe.no/ THON HOTELS: www.thonhotels.com/ Analysis of the 3 leading companies HURTIGRUTEN ASA WIDERøE'S FLYVESELSKAP ASA THON HOTELS AS a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 1 1 1

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Oslo airport: www.osl.no Other airports: www.avinor.no/English/Airports/Bergen_Airport,_Flesland/ Analysis of the 3 major airports Oslo Airport (OSL) Flesland Airport (BGO) Stravanger Airport (SVG) a. sustainability/green section in the website YES NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES 2 0 0

In Norway, tourism directly provides over 7 million jobs and contributes 2.5% to the country’s GDP.

Over the past 7 years the online population grew by 85.2%.

With a population of 4.6million the tourism intensity is only 30.6

In the national tourism website does not contain a sustainable tourism section however there is information on eco products and green hotels.

Tourist accommodation firms make up 33.3% of the country’s total ecolabel products.

None of the leading companies websites have a sustainability section or an annual report, however, they all have sustainable tourism information on their websites.

Out of the three major airports, Olso airport is the only one with a sustainable tourism section.

PORTUGAL SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Portugal POPULATION 10,642,836 (2007) Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 7,782,760 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 73.1 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 211.3 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 402,6 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 7.7% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 10,4 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 6.5 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 264,000 POPULATION 10,642,836 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 40

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.pt a. TOURISM ("turismo“) 738,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ("desenvolvimento sustentável“) 107,000 c. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ( “turismo sustentável“) 5,570 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0,8% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.05 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitportugal.com Analysis of national tourism website: www.visitportugal.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.eco-label.com the interactive catalogue Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 7 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 2 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 2 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 28.6 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: corporate websites of single companies - Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Notes:1) www.pestana.com 2) www.flytap.com 3) www.cp.pt : national-railways Analysis of the 3 leading companies PESTANA HOTELS & RESORTS SA TAP-AIR PORTUGAL SA CP a. sustainability/green section in the website YES NO YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO YES Total YES 1 0 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD 1)Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do 2)www.ana.pt = for Lisboa, Porto and Faro Analysis of the 3 major airports Lisboa Porto Faro a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO NO Total YES - - -

The country with a relatively small population and a high online population and percentage and growth within the last seven years.It also has a high GDP created from tourism which reflects the paramount role that tourism play;Portugal has a relatively high tourism intensity.

The orientation of sustainable tourism in Portugal is very low which is 0,8% of all tourism topics on the web; for example the national tourism website does not have any topics related to sustainable tourism.

Ecolabelling tourism consists of 6.6% of all the ecolabelling industry in the country.

Moreover, two leading companies in the country have no sustainable section, info and annual reports at their website; however, the public transportation, the thired leading firm has them all.Their main airport websites are very basic and have absolutely no information on sustainable tourism.

SPAIN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY SPAIN POPULATION 40,448,191 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 22,843,915 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 56.5% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 324.0 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 4,045,7 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 20% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 190,3 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 18.2%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 1,615,000 POPULATION 40,448,191 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 25.04 population/bed places

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.es a. TOURISM (“ Turismo”) 922,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (“ Desarrollo Sostenible”) 1,190,000 c. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“ Turismo Sostenible”) 82,100 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 8,9% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.07 ratio

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.spain.info Analysis of national tourism website ( www.spain.info) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO - Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Green Spain section Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO -

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolable/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 2007 28 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 4 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 4 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 14.28%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism www.iberia.com www.iberostar.com www.solmelia.com Analysis of the 3 leading companies IBERIA GRUPO IBEROSTAR SA SOL MELIá SA a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO YES Total YES 1 0 1

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source:Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do http://www.madrid-mad.com http://www.barcelona-airport.com www.aena.es Analysis of the 3 major airports MADRID BARAJAS AIRPORT BARCELONA EL-PRAT AIRPORT PALMA DE MALLORCA a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES YES Total YES 3 3 3

Internet users are half of the population but the growth is increasing

Tourism has a big role in the national economy

High percentage of tourism intensity

Low number of web sites about tourism (especially related to sustainability)

National web site is particularly rich of information (also related to eco-green trips)

14% of its Eco labels are for tourism

Few information about sustainability in companies web sites while airports sites are complete

SWEDEN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY SWEDEN POPULATION 9,031,088 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 6,981,200 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 77.3% USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 72.5%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 365,6 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 8.4% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 239,1 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 8,0%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.se a. TOURISM (“ turism”) 504,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT(“ hållbar utveckling”) 316,000 c. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“ hållbar turism”) 3,930 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0.8% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.01

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolable/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 20 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 0 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 0 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism Notes: http://travelgroup.ticket.se/corporate/en/contact.html http://www.casinocosmopol.se/ http://www.sj.se Analysis of the 3 leading companies CASINO COSMOPOL AB TICKET TRAVEL GROUP AB Statens järnvägars (SJ) a. sustainability/green section in the website No Yes Yes b. sustainable tourism info in the website No No No c. sustainability annual report in the website No No Yes Total YES 0 1 2

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do http://www.lfv.se/templates/LFV_AirportStartPage_Arlanda____36729.aspx http://www.lfv.se/default____1062.aspx http://www.dalaflyget.se/ Analysis of the 3 major airports Stockholm Arlanda airport Ängelholm-Helsingborg Airport DALA airport a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES NO NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO NO Total YES 3 1 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: national official tourism website or portal (for travellers, not corporate or business) Analysis of national tourism website ( www.sweden.se) YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO It mentions sustainability in a few articles Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

Two thirds of the population has internet access.

The employment rates and GDP are about 2-3% when considering direct effects, but jump to 7-8% when considered both direct and indirect effects of the activity.

Tourism is an important sector, but sustainable tourism and sustainable development don’t have an important role.

Though the country isn’t tourism oriented, they do have worries about sustainability. The nations’ largest airport however does show concerns with the sector.

SWITZERLAND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY Switzerland POPULATION 7,523,024 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 5,097,822 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 67.8 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 39%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 361,2 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 8.3 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 30,8 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 6.3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 815,4 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 18.7 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 72,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 14.8

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: "Swiss Tourism in Figures - Edition 2007", edited by the Swiss Tourism Federation (FST) Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 240,429 POPULATION 7,523,024 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 31.3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: (in German) www.google.ch a. TOURISM (“tourismus”) 549,000 b. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (“nachhaltigkeit”) 249,000 c. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (“nachhaltigen tourismus”) 3,840 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 0.7% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.02%

Methodology:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.myswitzerland.com Analysis of national tourism website www.myswitzerland.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? NO

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolable/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 0 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 0 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites 0 d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 0 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Companies identified at: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism http://www.sunstarhotels.com/hotels.html http://www.swiss.com/web/IT/Pages/index.aspx?Country=IT http://www.hotelplan.ch/Reisen NOTES: * not in the homepage, you find the green section in the site map Analysis of the 3 leading companies SUNSTAR HOTELS SWISS INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES HOTELPLAN a. sustainability/green section in the website NO YES* YES b. sustainable tourism info in the website NO YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO NO YES Total YES 0 2 3

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do http://www.gva.ch/Desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-11/ http://www.zurich-airport.com/ZRH/default.asp?ID_site=1&sp=en&hp=1&t=Zurich%20Airport http://www.airport-stgallen.com/ Notes : * they publish a triennal report Analysis of the 3 major airports GENEVE COINTRIN ZURICH ALTENRHEIN (minor airport) a. sustainability/green section in the website YES YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website NO* YES NO Total YES 2 3 1

Tourism has a relevant role for Switzerland’s economy and its intensity is quite high.

Talking about sustainability in tourism a distinction between public and private actors has to be made: the official tourism website doesn’t even mention sustainability, while the main leading companies seem to be more aware of sustainability.

UNITED KINGDOM SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY PROFILE:

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.internetworldstats.com COUNTRY United Kingdom POPULATION 60,776,238 Online population (2007): TOTAL ONLINE POPULATION 40,362,842 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ONLINE 66.4 % USAGE GROWTH (2000-2007) 162.1 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct impact only ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 988,3 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.2 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 46,5 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 3.4

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.wttc.org/eng/Research/Tourism_Satellite_Accounting_Tool/index.php Travel & Tourism Industry Aggregates ( direct and indirect impact ): EMPLOYMENT (number of jobs, 000s) 2,669,1 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 8.5% GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (in billion €) 123,9 AS % OF EQUIVALENT ECONOMY-WIDE (%) 9.1 %

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: Eurostat, 2006, Bed places in hotels and similar establishments , http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1073,46870091&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&p_product_code=EBB11024 Tourism intensity: BED PLACES (2006) 1.256.000 POPULATION 60,776,238 TOURISM INTENSITY (population/bed places) 48.39

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Keywords returns on the Internet: www.google.uk a. “TOURISM” 1,170,000 b. “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 473,000 c. “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM “ 176,000 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM (% OF TOURISM) [c/ a*100] 15% SUSTAINABLE TOURISM/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [c/ b] 0.37 ratio

Methodology:

use of “quotation marks” when searching for two or more words;

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: www.visitbritain.com Analysis of national tourism website www.visitbritain.com YES/NO Notes Does it have a sustainable/eco/green tourism section? NO Does it provide sustainable/eco/green tourism products/itineraries? YES Products/itineraries Does it provide sustainable/eco/green hotel information? YES TYF ECO HOTEL

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolable/pdf/marketing/stats/stats.pdf Ecolabelling a. number of ecolabel products in the country (all categories) 12 b. number of ecolabels for tourist accommodation 5 c. number of ecolabels for camp sites - d. total number of ecolabels for tourism: (b + c) 5 e. % of tourism ecolabels (d) over total ecolabels (d/a*100) 41.66%

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_And_Tourism http://www.britishairways.com/travel/home/public/en_gb?countrycode=GB http://www.abercrombiekent.co.uk/index.aspx http://ww1.thomascook.com/content/homepage/homepage/homepage.asp Notes: Abercrombie & Kent have a newsletter Analysis of the 3 leading companies BRITISH AIRWAYS ABERCROMBIE & KENT (Tours) THE RITZ (Luxury Hotel) a. sustainability/green section in the website NO YES NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES NO c. sustainability annual report in the website YES NO* NO Total YES 2 2 0

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD Source: official websites of single airports- Airports identified at: www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportsOfTheWorld.do Analysis of the 3 major airports STANSTED GATWICK HEATHROW a. sustainability/green section in the website NO NO NO b. sustainable tourism info in the website YES YES YES c. sustainability annual report in the website YES YES YES Total YES 2 2 2

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: AN INTERNATIONAL SCORECARD COUNTRY SUMMARY The official UK tourism website www.visitbritain.com does not feature a sustainable tourism section. Nevertheless, Green Accreditation and sustainability initiatives in the UK are relatively easy to find on the internet.