Kingdom Protista -Kingdom at the crossroads-

Classification Free-living Eukaryotic unicellular, colonial forms 3 types Animal like Plant like Fungus like Most easily classified by what they are NOT Not animals, not plants, not fungi

Free-living

Eukaryotic

unicellular, colonial forms

3 types

Animal like

Plant like

Fungus like

Most easily classified by what they are NOT

Not animals, not plants, not fungi

Animal-like protists “Protozoans” Unicellular & colonial Eukaryotic heterotrophic Endosymbiont Hypothesis First eukaryotic cell was formed by a symbiosis among several prokaryotes which lost the ability to live alone

Unicellular & colonial

Eukaryotic

heterotrophic

Endosymbiont Hypothesis

First eukaryotic cell was formed by a symbiosis among several prokaryotes which lost the ability to live alone

Animal-like protists Ciliates - motile, cilia, free living Ex. Paramecium (reproduction by binary fission, conjugation) b. Flagellates – motile, flagella, reproduce asexually by binary fission and sexually Ex. Trypanosoma – causes African sleeping sickness Ex. Trichonympha – live in termites, help digest food c. Sporozoans – non motile, parasitic, reproduce by spores Ex. Plasmodium – causes malaria d. Sarcodina – “false feet” pseudopods Ex. Ameba – some cause amebic dysentary **Disease – infection caused by many of these**

Ciliates - motile, cilia, free living

Ex. Paramecium (reproduction by binary fission, conjugation)

b. Flagellates – motile, flagella, reproduce asexually by binary fission and sexually

Ex. Trypanosoma – causes African sleeping sickness

Ex. Trichonympha – live in termites, help digest food

c. Sporozoans – non motile, parasitic, reproduce by spores

Ex. Plasmodium – causes malaria

d. Sarcodina – “false feet” pseudopods

Ex. Ameba – some cause amebic dysentary

**Disease – infection caused by many of these**

Ameoba

Paramecium

Radiolarian

Plant-like protists Single celled Photosynthetic Some are flagellated, luminescent May live freely or as colonies Phytoplankton – primary producers of oxygen

Single celled

Photosynthetic

Some are flagellated, luminescent

May live freely or as colonies

Phytoplankton – primary producers of oxygen

Euglenophyta - Euglena (autotrophic and heterotrophic) Pyrrophyta – dinoflagellates (luminescent, produce toxins that shellfish absorb – dangerous = RED TIDE) Chrysophyta – diatoms, important component of marine plankton – food source for marine animals, silicon cell walls important component of detergents, polishes, paint removers

Euglenophyta - Euglena (autotrophic and heterotrophic)

Pyrrophyta – dinoflagellates (luminescent, produce toxins that shellfish absorb – dangerous = RED TIDE)

Chrysophyta – diatoms, important component of marine plankton – food source for marine animals, silicon cell walls important component of detergents, polishes, paint removers

Diatoms

Spyrogyra

Fungus-like protists Contain parasitic and predatory molds that produce spores Most are single-celled, decomposers in aquatic habitats Phagocytic slime molds live as single amoeboid cells or aggregations of cells that migrate together and form spore producing structures

Contain parasitic and predatory molds that produce spores

Most are single-celled, decomposers in aquatic habitats

Phagocytic slime molds live as single amoeboid cells or aggregations of cells that migrate together and form spore producing structures

Acellular slime molds – help scientists study movement of protoplasm, form plasmodia at one point in life cycle Cellular slime molds – help scientists study how cells communicate, function like a single, multicelled organism as one point in their life cycle

Acellular slime molds – help scientists study movement of protoplasm, form plasmodia at one point in life cycle

Cellular slime molds – help scientists study how cells communicate, function like a single, multicelled organism as one point in their life cycle

Slime mold

ALGAE Protists or Plants??? Red, Brown and Green Algae Many scientists place them in Plant Kingdom

Red, Brown and Green Algae

Many scientists place them in Plant Kingdom