2. Students will summarize the life and teachings of
Muhammad
Students will understand how the teachings of Islam
provide laws and guidelines for the religious practice
and everyday life of Muslims
Students will describe the connection between
Christianity, Judaism, and Islam

3. Life on the Arabian Peninsula was far behind the
rest of the “modern” (570 C.E.) world
The Arabian Peninsula was surrounded by
empires (Byzantine, Persian, etc.) which had
strong central governments and citizens following
government sanctioned religions
The Arabian Peninsula was politically fragmented
(individual clans governing within), most people
believing in many religions
Thievery was common due to the lack of material
goods
Corruption, blood feuds, drinking and gambling
were uncontrolled

4. Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey
Persian Empire
 Byzantine Empire
 527-1453 C.E.
 Replaced the western part of
the Roman Empire
 Primarily a Christian empire
 Located around the border
of the Mediterranean Sea
 Persian Empire
 559 B.C.E.-651 C.E.
 Controlled in part by a strong
polytheistic religion called
Zoroastrian
 Adventurous and militant empire
 Located in where modern day Iran is
today
Byzantine Empire, 565 C.E.

5.  Born in 570 C.E.(?) in
Mecca
 Orphaned as a child and
raised by his uncle
 He worked as a merchant
in the caravan trade
 At 25 he married his boss
Khadija, a wealthy
business woman

6.  Muhammad began receiving
visions at the age of 40 when the
Angel Gabriel spoke to him
during meditations
 He began spreading the word of
Allah with little success at first
 However in time Muhammad
became a religious leader, a
military leader, and a political
leader
http://members.aol.com/gcvard/gabriel.gif

7.  In 622 C.E. he was driven from
the city of Mecca by the Koriesh
clan and embarked on the
Hijrah
 Hijrah or Hajj – the most
dramatic event in Muslim
history – It represents the
change of place and the
adoption of Islam and entry into
the community of Muslims, and
a change from a kinship or
family based society to a society
based on one common belief
 622 by the Christian calendar is
the beginning of the Islamic
calendar or the year 1. (the
Christian calendar starts at 0 or
the birth of Christ)
http://www.al-islam.org/ziyarat/saudi.htm

8.  The community of Ummah or Islam originated at the
moment when Muhammad began the Hijrah or Hajj
 In Medina Muhammad began preaching Islam and won
many converts
 Meccans continued to fight against Muhammad and his
followers
http://www.sacredsites.com/middle_east/saudi_arabia/medina.html

9. In 630 Muhammad and
10,000 Muslims
returned to Mecca and
forced the city to
surrender
Muhammad “forgave”
the Meccans, destroyed
the idols at the Ka’bah,
and dedicated the
shrine to Allah
http://math.arizona.edu/~hermi/kaaba.jpg

10. Over the next couple of years Muhammad expanded
his influence and his political empire in three ways:
 He preached about Islam and the one God
 He became a political leader
 He became a military leader

11. Don’t forget to take the quiz on Edline!