EARTH SCIENCE

WHAT IS EARTH SCIENCE? The study of Earth’s interior, rocks and soil, atmosphere, oceans and outer space.

The study of Earth’s interior, rocks and soil, atmosphere, oceans and outer space.

S EARTH SCIENCE IS ABOUT CONNECTIONS Today scientists look more for the connections among the different parts of the Earth- its oceans, atmosphere, living things and rocks and soil.

Today scientists look more for the connections among the different parts of the Earth- its oceans, atmosphere, living things and rocks and soil.

HEAT ENERGY FROM INSIDE THE EARTH AND RADIATION FROM THE SUN PROVIDE ENERGY FOR EARTH’S PROCESSES. EARTH SCIENCE VOCABULARY Energy- the ability to cause change. Evaporation- the process by which liquid changes into gas. Convection- hot material rises, cools, then sinks until it is heated enough to rise again. Radiation- energy that moves in certain types of waves.

EARTH SCIENCE VOCABULARY

Energy- the ability to cause change.

Evaporation- the process by which liquid changes into gas.

Convection- hot material rises, cools, then sinks until it is heated enough to rise again.

Radiation- energy that moves in certain types of waves.

WHY IS EARTH SCIENCE IMPORTANT? Understanding Earth’s processes makes it possible to: Know what types of crops to plant and when to plant them Know when to watch for dangerous weather Predict a volcano’s eruption in time to save people

Understanding Earth’s processes makes it possible to:

Know what types of crops to plant and when to plant them

Know when to watch for dangerous weather

Predict a volcano’s eruption in time to save people

CHAPTER 1: VIEWS OF EARTH TODAY BIG IDEA: Modern technology has changed the way we view and map the Earth. KEY CONCEPT 1.1: Technology is used to explore the Earth system.

BIG IDEA:

Modern technology has changed the way we view and map the Earth.

Click on the above link to begin the journey courtesy of the Discovery Channel . Think about what may happen to the entire marine community if any part were taken away. www.mrmartella.com

Click on the above link to begin the journey courtesy of the Discovery Channel .

Think about what may happen to the entire marine community if any part were taken away.

THE EARTH SYSTEM Has four major parts: Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Atmosphere

Has four major parts:

The Four Parts of the Earth System System- an organized group of parts that work together to form a whole ATMOSPHERE: THE MIXTURE OF GASES THAT SURROUNDS AND PROTECTS THE EARTH COMPOSITION: NITROGEN (78%) OXYGEN (21%) CARBON DIOXIDE WATER VAPOR OTHER GASES STUDIED WITH: WEATHER BALLONS PLANES SATELLITES

System- an organized group of parts that work together to form a whole

COMPOSITION:

NITROGEN (78%)

OXYGEN (21%)

CARBON DIOXIDE

WATER VAPOR

OTHER GASES

STUDIED WITH:

WEATHER BALLONS

PLANES

SATELLITES

The Four Parts of the Earth System HYDROSPHERE: MADE UP OF ALL THE WATER ON THE EARTH (OCEANS, LAKES, GLACIERS, RIVERS, UNDERGROUND) WATER COVERS ¾ OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE ONLY 3% IS FRESH WATER NEARLY 70% IS IN GLACIERS AND POLAR ICE CAPS STUDIED WITH: DEAP –SEA VEHICLES BUOYS SATELLITE IMAGES DIVING SUITS AFFECTS THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN WARM/COLD OCEAN CURRENTS INTERACT WITH WIND CURRENTS

HYDROSPHERE: MADE UP OF ALL THE WATER ON THE EARTH (OCEANS, LAKES, GLACIERS, RIVERS, UNDERGROUND)

WATER COVERS ¾ OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE

ONLY 3% IS FRESH WATER

NEARLY 70% IS IN GLACIERS AND POLAR ICE CAPS

STUDIED WITH:

DEAP –SEA VEHICLES

BUOYS

SATELLITE IMAGES

DIVING SUITS

AFFECTS THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN WARM/COLD OCEAN CURRENTS INTERACT WITH WIND CURRENTS

The Four Parts of the Earth System BIOSPHERE: INCLUDES ALL LIFE ON EARTH (IN THE AIR, WATER, AND ON LAND) STUDIED WITH: SATELLITE PHOTOS TRACK YEARLY CHANGES IN PLANT AND ANIMAL LIFE SPECIAL EQUIPMENT ALLOWS SCIENTISTS TO STUDY PLACES WITHOUT HARMING THEM WHEN TREES EXCHANGE GASES THE BIOSPHERE INTERACTS WITH THE ATMOSPHERE

BIOSPHERE: INCLUDES ALL LIFE ON EARTH (IN THE AIR, WATER, AND ON LAND)

STUDIED WITH:

SATELLITE PHOTOS TRACK YEARLY CHANGES IN PLANT AND ANIMAL LIFE

SPECIAL EQUIPMENT ALLOWS SCIENTISTS TO STUDY PLACES WITHOUT HARMING THEM

WHEN TREES EXCHANGE GASES THE BIOSPHERE INTERACTS WITH THE ATMOSPHERE

The Four Parts of the Earth System GEOSPHERE: ALL FEATURES ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE (CRUST) ALONG WITH THE MANTLE, INNER AND OUTER CORES. STUDIED WITH: SATELLITE IMAGES SOUND WAVES COMPUTER MODELING MATTER MOVES FROM THE GEOSPHERE TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN VOLCANOES EXPLODE

GEOSPHERE: ALL FEATURES ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE (CRUST) ALONG WITH THE MANTLE, INNER AND OUTER CORES.

STUDIED WITH:

SATELLITE IMAGES

SOUND WAVES

COMPUTER MODELING

MATTER MOVES FROM THE GEOSPHERE TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN VOLCANOES EXPLODE

ALL FOUR PARTS OF THE SYSTEM SHAPE THE PLANET’S SURFACE Atmosphere and Hydrosphere- Not even the hardest stone can withstand the forces of wind and water. Over millions of years rain, wind, and moving water carved the Grand Canyon.

Atmosphere and Hydrosphere- Not even the hardest stone can withstand the forces of wind and water. Over millions of years rain, wind, and moving water carved the Grand Canyon.

Geosphere: Landmasses pushing together have set off earthquakes and formed volcanoes and mountain ranges like the Andes around the world.

Geosphere: Landmasses pushing together have set off earthquakes and formed volcanoes and mountain ranges like the Andes around the world.

Biosphere: Plants, animals and humans have also changed the Earth. Walking or riding a bike over open land changes the surface of the planet. How does this picture show all four parts of the Earth system working together?

Biosphere: Plants, animals and humans have also changed the Earth. Walking or riding a bike over open land changes the surface of the planet.

THE END

THE END