Power point en inglés acerca de la Fibromialgia (FM).

1. FIBROMYALGIA:
THE INVISIBLE BEATING.
M. Ruth Álvarez Quintillán
1º E.U.E. Meixoeiro

2. CONTENTS:
• What is «Fibromyalgia»?
• Epidemiology.
• Historical memory of Fibromyalgia.
• Signs and symptons of this disease.
• What causes this?
• How can it be diagnosed?
• Is there a treatment for it?
• Video: a real testimony.
• Bibliographic references.

3. WHAT IS
FIBROMYALGIAFIBROMYALGIA?
• «Fibromyalgia» comes from the Latin term «fibro»
(conective tissue) and Greek «mio» (muscle) + «algia»
(pain).
• Also called «Fibrositis».
• Non-inflammatory chronic rheumatic disease.
• Prolonged pain and hypersensitivity in bones, joints,
muscles, tendons and other soft tissues.
• There aren´t demonstrable organic disorders.

4. EPIDEMIOLOGY:
• Affects 2-5% of the world population (in Spain 2,4% of the
total population).
• It is assumed that only 10% of sufferers are diagnosed.
• Appears in people between 20-50 years old.
• To a lesser extent it affects children and elderly people.
• 10 women per man.

5. HISTORICAL MEMORY
OF FIBROMYALGIA:
• It was mentioned for the first time in 1750 by Sir Richard Manningham
(physician) in his publication: «Symptoms, nature, causes and cure of the low-
grade fever or small fever: commonly called nervous or hysterical fever».
• In 1843 Robert Floriep (anatomist) described "the sensitive points", in his
treatise of pathology and therapy of rheumatisms.
• In 1881 George Beard (doctor) wrote a book called «American Nervousness»
describing patients with neurasthenia who showed the presence of painful
points and hyperalgesia.
• In 1904 Sir William Gowers called “fibrositis" the pain caused by the
inflammation of the fibrous tissue of the muscle. After that, the definition of
fibrositis was “an inflammatory change of fibrous interstitial tissue of the striated
muscle”.

6. • In 1936 all the theories about the disease were denied and
developed different ones about a psychological origin, which
would endure many decades later.
• In 1963 appears the concept of “self-feeding pain”:
A special
personality
causes a
constant tension
generated by
muscle spasms
which turn into
pain. MUSCLE
SPASMS
PAIN
STRESS
• In 1976 Philip Kahler Hench (doctor) defined
“Fibromyalgia” as a “form of non articular
rheumatism”.

7. In 1992, the WHO
recognized «Fibromyalgia»
as a disease.
Classified with the code
M79.7 of International
Statistical Classification of
Diseases (ICD).
ICD-10 review classified it
within rheumatisms.

8. SIGNS AND SYMPTONS:
-Diffuse, slight, intense, sharp, stabbing, burning...
-In many parts of the body at the same time.
-Starts in a particular area and then spreads to the rest of the
body.
-Depends on the time of the day, activity, climate, levels of stress…
-Muscle stiffness, spasms and tingling in hands and feet.
-Insomnia.
-Light sleep, waking up several times at night.
-Apnea, or moments where the person stops breathing.
-Paroxysms of sleep, sudden movements.
-Bruxism, or teeth grinding.
PAIN
FATIGUE AND
SLEEP
DISTURBANCES

9. • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (constipation,
diarrhea, gas, and nausea)
• Dysmenorrhea or painful periods in women.
• Raynaud's disease (narrowing of hand/feet
blood vessels that reduces the blood flow).

10. WHAT CAUSES
FIBROMYALGIA?
It´s SUPPOSED to be related with:
•Stressful or traumatic events.
•Diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or hypothyroidism.
•Infectious diseases.
•Hormonal changes.
•Excess of stimulants (coffee, alcohol, tobacco).
•Anaemia and deficiencies in vitamin B12 and B6.
•Obesity.
•Genetic predisposition.
•Malfunction of the immune system.
•Can happen on its own.

11. Abnormalities in
the Central
Nervous System.
SEROTONIN
(Controls the intensity
of pain and sleep).
SUBSTANCE P
(controls the
perception of pain)

12. DIAGNOSIS:
• Chronic pain in all four
quadrants of the body and
axial skeleton for 3 months.
• Easy blush of skin by
pressure (bad blood flow).
• Feel pain at 11 from 18
“tender points” when they
´re pressed:
Urine tests.
Blood tests.
Radiographs.
ANAMNESIS +
EXPLORATION.

14. TREATMENT:
• Analgesics.
• Non steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs).
• Antidepressants
• Anticonvulsants.
• Antiepileptic
drugs.

15. • Teach the patient and
family about the
disease.
• Psychological therapy.
• Physiotherapy or
chiropractic
treatments.
• Acupuncture.
• Yoga.
• Aerobics.

16. • Aquatic exercises.
• Meditation and
breathing techniques.
• Strict sleep routines.
• Healthy diet (avoid
alcohol, coffee and
tobacco).
• Support groups.

17. A REAL
TESTIMONY:

18. THANKSTHANKS FORFOR
YOURYOUR
ATTENTION!ATTENTION!

19. BIBLIOGRAPHIC
REFERENCES:
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/spanish/ency/article/000427.html
• http://www.arthritis.org/espanol/general/fibromialgia/
• http://www.institutferran.org/fibromialgia.html
• http://www.niams.nih.gov/portal_en_espanol/Informacion_de_salud/Fibromia
• http://www.unobrain.com/que-es-fibromialgia-sintomas-tratamiento-
natural-la-fibromialgia
• http://www.rheumatology.org/Practice/Clinical/Patients/Diseases_And_C
onditions/La_Fibromialgia/
• https://www.msssi.gob.es/profesionales/prestacionesSanitarias/publicaci
ones/Fibromialgia.htm
• http://www.webmd.com/fibromyalgia/default.htm?names-dropdown=FL
• http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Fibromyalgia/
• http://www.fmnetnews.com/fibro-basics/fibromyalgia-faqs